Libythea celtis ( Laicharting [1782] )

Kawahara, Akito Y., 2013, <strong> Systematic revision and review of the extant and fossil snout butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Libytheinae) </ strong>, Zootaxa 3631 (1), pp. 1-74 : 10-13

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3631.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A355AA9D-3644-4F29-84AA-5D398D2EE6D0

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF87C7-FFE0-4342-76E7-F9E2FF18D257

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Libythea celtis ( Laicharting [1782] )
status

 

Libythea celtis ( Laicharting [1782]) View in CoL

( Figs. 2 View FIGURES 2−13 , 14, 26, 39, 53, 69–72)

Papilio celtis Laicharting [1782] : 1, pl. 8, Figs. 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURES 2−13 .

Papilio cercis Fuessly [1782] .

Libythea celtis Fabricius 1807: 284 View in CoL .

Hecaërge celtis Ochsenheimer 1816: 32 .

Hypatus feverus Hübner 1822: 3 .

Libythaeus [sic] celtis Boitard 1828: 299 [unjustified emendation].

Nymphalis phalerati celtis Esper 1829: 168 , pl. 87, Figs. 2, 3 View FIGURES 2−13 .

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. obscura Millière 1879: 15 [nomen nudum].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. obscura: Millière 1879: 15, 16, pl. 6, Fig. 10 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. ochracea Fruhstorfer 1898: 170 [nomen nudum].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis: Pagenstecher 1901: 2 View in CoL .

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL ab. ochracea: Pagenstecher 1911: 5 [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. conjuncta: Schawerda 1924 [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. denudata Dannehl 1925: 64 [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. separata Dannehl 1925: 64 [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis livida Saggara 1926: 135 View in CoL [new synonymy].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. pallida Dannehl 1927: 6 View in CoL [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis View in CoL ab. pygmaea Dannehl 1927: 6 [nomen nudum].

Libythea celtis celtis: Gaede 1932: 237 View in CoL .

Libythea (Libythea) celtis pygmaea: Verity 1950: 5 View in CoL .

Libythea (Libythea) celtis denudata: Verity 1950: 5 View in CoL [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis separata: Verity 1950: 5 View in CoL [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. subochracea Verity 1950: 5 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. violacea Verity 1950: 5, pl. 38, Figs. 3, 5 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. albonervulata Verity 1950: 5, pl. 38, Fig. 5 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. obscurenervulata Verity 1950: 5, pl. 38, Fig. 6 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. pygmaea: Verity 1950: 5, pl. 38, Fig. 7 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. rubescens Verity 1950: 6 [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. pallida: Verity 1950: 6 View in CoL [new synonymy].

Libythea (Libythea) celtis View in CoL f. latefulva Verity 1950: 6, pl. 38, Fig. 4 View FIGURES 2−13 [new synonymy].

Libythea celthis [sic] Kostrowicki 1969: 352.

Libythea celtis View in CoL f. conjuncta: Gómez-Bustillo and Fernández-Rubio 1974: 166.

Libythea celtis View in CoL f. denudata: Gómez-Bustillo and Fernández-Rubio 1974: 166.

Libythea celtis View in CoL f. separata: Gómez-Bustillo and Fernández-Rubio 1974: 166.

Libythia [sic] celtis Roberts 2001: 121 .

Libythea celtis platooni Korb 2005: 18 [new synonymy].

Diagnosis. Libythea celtis is sister species with L. lepita by sharing a gradually incrassate antenna, but the former can be distinguished from the latter by having: 1) a hindwing anterior margin that is distinctly lobed near the fusion of the costa and Sc + R 1, and 2) the proximal margin of the forewing dorsal orange mark between M 3 and CuA 2 is straight in L. celtis , but projects proximally along CuA 1, forming a curved or angled margin in L. lepita (Kawahara 2009) .

Type. Neotype (present designation): AUSTRIA: ‘[red label] : Neotype / [printed white label]: ♂, det. A. Y. Kawahara / [original hand written white label]: 1895, Z7, Jün-Tirol’ ( BMNH). This specimen is designated as the type to clarify the taxonomic status of this species. A specimen from the type locality that resembles the holotype of Laicharting ([1782] Figs. 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURES 2−13 ) was chosen. The depository of the original name-bearing type is unknown .

Other Specimens Examined. (158♂, 99♀): AFGHANISTAN: Arwas, Transcasp , 1♀, VI ( BMNH) . AUSTRIA: 1♂, B. Neumögen ( USNM) . Steiermark, Ritzenberg : 2♀ ( AMNH) . Tirol: 1♂ ( AMNH) ; 1♀, 1890, Frey ( BMNH) ; 8♂, 1♀, 1901 ( BMNH) ; 2♀, Bates ( BMNH) ; 1♀, J. Doll ( BMNH) ; South Tirol: 2♂ ( CUIC) ; 2♂, VI-1895 ( AMNH) ; 1♂, 17-VII-1909, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 1♂, 1♀, 12-15-VII-1927, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) . Eggenthal , 3♂, VII-1906, Hampson ( BMNH) . Hérault, Montpellier , 1♂, 1890, Frey ( BMNH) . Provence Alpes- Cot, Grimaud , 1♀, 5-IV-1921, A. F. Pinhey ( BMNH) . Pyrénées-Orientalis , Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda, 1♀, 1908, Wism ( BMNH) . Vernet-les-Bains , 1♂, VII-1909, R. Oberthür ( BMNH) . Roque-brune , 6♂, ♀, 24-III-1903 ( BMNH) ; 2♀, VII-1904 ( BMNH) . Sainte Maxime , 4♂, 4♀, 10-15-VI-1921, A. F. Pinhey ( BMNH) ; 1♂, 11-V- 1921, A. F. Pinhey ( BMNH) ; 1♂, 1♀, 7-13-VI-1925, C. Va [n]s ( BMNH) . Var, Hyères , 2♂, 1♀, 30-31-V-1923, A. Simmons ( BMNH) . [Austria], Klausen , 5♂ 2♀, 1904, Fruhstorfer ( BMNH) ; BULGARIA: Bulgaria , Varna: 2♂, 26-VII-1955, B. Weber ( MGCL) . 1♂, 1♀, VI-1962, Vanek ( MGCL) . FRANCE: 1♀, 14-VI-1921, P. Haig- Thomas ( AMNH) . Montpellier : 1♀, VI-1952, K. de Puységur ( CMNH) . Environs de Montpellier : 1♂, ( MGCL) . Sainte Maxime : 1♀, 10-VI-1921, A. F. Pinhey ( BMNH) ; 3♀, VI-1925, P. Haig-Thomas ( AMNH) ; 1♂, 4-VI- 1926, P. Haig-Thomas ( AMNH) . St. Georges : 1♀, VI-1935 ( TFC) . GERMANY: 3♂, 2♀ ( AMNH) ; 2♂, H. Edwards ( AMNH) . GREECE: 1♂, 16-VI-1869 ( BMNH) ; 3♂, 1901 ( BMNH) ; [Macedonia], 1♂, 10-VII-1896 ( BMNH) ; Acarnan , 1♂, 8-VI-1869 ( BMNH) ; 1♀, 8-VI-1862 ( BMNH) ; Olympus , 2500 ft [762 m]; 10♂, 4♀, VII-VIII-1935, Romei ( BMNH) ; Struma Valley, Kopriva , 2♀, 7-VI-1917, D. Blanchard ( BMNH) . HUNGARY: Pilis Szent László : 1♂, 15-IV-1962, Gaskó ( CAS) . IRAN: Shush : 1♂, VI-1899 ( MGCL) ; Karind Gorge , 6000 ft [1829 m], 1♀, 16-IV-1918, H. D. Peile ( BMNH) . IRAQ: Dahuk, Amadia , 3000-9000 ft, [914-2743 m], 1♀, 12- VI-30-VII-1936 ( BMNH) . ITALY: 1♂ ( AMNH) ; 1♂ ( CMNH) . Sardinia: 1♂, 1♀, A. H. Kraus ( AMNH) . Libiveiz : 1♂, 1953, Freyer ( USNM) . Bozen : 1♂, VI-1903 ( MGCL) ; 1♂, 21-VI-1904, F. E. Lowe ( MGCL) ; Tuscany, 2♂, 1914-1915 ( BMNH) ; South Tyrol, Abswang : 1♀, VI-1898, Hayne ( MGCL) . KYRGYZSTAN: Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve, Ail. Arkit , 1300 m: 2♂, 20-VII-2000, V. V. Dubatolov ( AYK) . PAKISTAN: Chitral , 1♀, 1903, Leslie ( BMNH) ; 7000, [2134 m], 1♂, V-1901 ( BMNH) ; Drosh , 6000-10,000, [1829-3048 m], 1♂, 23-VI-1903, A. R. C. Saunders ( BMNH) ; Utzen Nallah , 9000 ft [2743 m], 1♂, 9-VIII-190[?], G. A. Leslie and W. H. Evans ( BMNH) . REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS: Platres , 5000-6000 ft [1524-1829 m], 1♂, IX-1921, K. J. Hayward ( BMNH) . ROMANIA: Herculesbad , 2♀, 21-22-VI-1909, W. G. S. ( BMNH) . RUSSIA: Kirgizia, Kirgizaskii Ridge, Ala-Archa , Ak-Sai , 2300 m: 1♂, 17-21-VII-1979, J. A. Vaněk ( TFC) . Khojakent , 3000 m: 1♀, 7-VII-1919 ( AMNH) . Ugam Valley , 8000 m: 1♂, 8-VII-1919 ( AMNH) . SPAIN: Barcelona, Sallent : 1♂, 2- VII-1989, E. Casas ( USNM) . Barcelona, Montserrat, nr. Car terminus: 1♂, 3000 ft [1181 m], 14-VII-1901, W. Holland ( MGCL) ; 1♀ 3000–4000 ft [1181–1575 m], 15-VII-1901, E.B. Poulton ( MGCL) . Catalonia, Oliana : 1♀, III-1946, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 2♂, III-1949, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 1♂, VI-1949, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) . Catalonia, Sierra de Montseny, El Brull , 2600 ft [793 m]: 1♂, 13-VII-1948 ( CAS) ; 1♂, 13-VII-1958 ( LACM) . Gerona, Olot : 1♂, 23-VII-1988, I. Teixodor ( USNM) . l’Ametlla : 1♂, III-1929, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 2♂, 4♀, IV- 1929, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 2♀, IV-1935, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) . La Garriga : 11♂, 9♀, VI-1934, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 6♂, 15♀, VI-1935, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 1♀, 4-IV-1936, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) ; 5♂, 3♀, VI-1936, M.

Ibarra ( AMNH); 1♂, VI-1937, M. Ibarra ( AMNH) . SWITZERLAND: Ticino, Lugano , 1♀, 11-IV-1898, H. J. Elwes ( BMNH) ; 1♂, 1914-1915, F. D. Godman ( BMNH) . SYRIA: Shar-Deresy , 1♂, 1880, native collector ( BMNH) . TURKESTAN: Ugam Valley , 3000 [ft], [914 m] , 1♂, 8-VII-1919 ( BMNH) . TURKEY: Unknown locality : 1♂, Bates ( BMNH) ; [Canakkale], Erenkeui , 1♀, 22-IV-1911, P. P. Graves ( BMNH) ; Amasia, 1♂, 1♀, Franks ( BMNH) ; 1400 ft [427 m], 1♂, 9-VI-1959, K. M. Guichard ( BMNH) ; Asia Minor (Anatolia), Kedos , 3♂, 1♀, IV-VIII-1918, N. V. L. Rybot ( BMNH) ; Gallipoli (Gelibolu) , 1♂, 1-I-10-VIII-1923, W. M. J. Martin ( BMNH) ; Istanbul, Therapia , 1♀, 18-VI-1920, J. A. Graham ( BMNH) ; Muğla, Baba Dag , 6000 ft [1829 m] , 3♂, 3♀, 29-VII-1947, M. Burr ( BMNH) ; Sandras Dag , [2200 m] , 1♂, 23-VIII-1947, M. Burr ( BMNH) . UZBEKISTAN: Medeo Tien Shan Mountains , 1♂, 28-VIII-1978 ( CMNH) . Uncertain country : 3♂, 3♀ ( AMNH) ; 4♂, 1♀ ( BMNH) ; 9♂, 3♀ ( USNM) ; 4♂, 13-14-VII ( USNM) ; 1♂, 3-V-1908 ( MGCL) ; 1♂, 1914, F. E. Lowe ( MGCL) ; 1♂, 18-VI-1916 ( MGCL) ; 1♂, 30-VI-1975 ( TFC) ; 1♀, ‘ Europe’ ( MGCL) ; ‘ Southeastern Europe :’ 1♂, F. R. Mason ( CMNH) .

Distribution. Southern Europe and northwestern Africa ( Algeria and Tunisia) to southern Russia and western India.

Biology. Primary larval host plants include: Celtis australis L., C. caucasica L., C. formosana Hayata , C. glabrata Steven ex Planch. , and C. tournefortii L. ( Celtidaceae ), For additional host plant records and a detailed discussion on biology, see Kawahara (2006a).

Remarks. The holotype is believed to have been lost, and specimens from the original type series could not be located during this study. For this reason, a neotype is designated. Numerous taxonomic studies included lepita as a subspecies of L. celtis (e.g., Pagenstecher [1901, 1902, 1911]; Shields [1984a]; Okano [1987]). Yoshimoto (1999) discussed the possibility of L. celtis and L. lepita as distinct species. In a book on the butterflies of Pakistan, Roberts (2001) treated the two species as allopatric. Since there are morphological differences between the two, and there are no intermediates found in northern India and Pakistan, the western population (Western India, Pakistan to Europe) is here recognized as L. celtis , and the eastern population (east India to Japan and Taiwan) as L. lepita . Phylogenetically, L. celtis and L. lepita are sister species, being grouped together because both share a gradually incrassate antenna (Kawahara 2009). Two characters distinguish L. celtis from L. lepita : 1) the prominent lobe along the hindwing anterior margin near the fusion of the costa and Sc + R 1, and 2) the straight proximal margin of the forewing dorsal orange mark between M 3 and CuA 2. An orange mark on the dorsal surface of forewing 1A + 2A is always present on L. celtis , but this mark can be absent in L. lepita . For additional discussion on the delimitation of these two species, see the ‘remarks’ section of L. lepita . Additional illustrations of the external morphology of L. celtis can be found in Kawahara et al. (2012).

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History

CUIC

Cornell University Insect Collection

CMNH

The Cleveland Museum of Natural History

CAS

California Academy of Sciences

LACM

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Nymphalidae

Genus

Libythea

Loc

Libythea celtis ( Laicharting [1782] )

Kawahara, Akito Y. 2013
2013
Loc

Libythea celtis platooni

Korb, S. K. 2005: 18
2005
Loc

Libythia [sic] celtis

Roberts, T. J. 2001: 121
2001
Loc

Libythea celtis

Gomez-Bustillo, M. R. & Fernandez-Rubio, F. 1974: 166
1974
Loc

Libythea celtis

Gomez-Bustillo, M. R. & Fernandez-Rubio, F. 1974: 166
1974
Loc

Libythea celtis

Gomez-Bustillo, M. R. & Fernandez-Rubio, F. 1974: 166
1974
Loc

Libythea celthis

Kostrowicki, A. S. 1969: 352
1969
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis pygmaea:

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis denudata:

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis separata:

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 5
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 6
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 6
1950
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Verity, R. 1950: 6
1950
Loc

Libythea celtis celtis:

Gaede, M. 1932: 237
1932
Loc

Libythea celtis

Dannehl, F. 1927: 6
1927
Loc

Libythea celtis

Dannehl, F. 1927: 6
1927
Loc

Libythea celtis livida

Saggara, I. de 1926: 135
1926
Loc

Libythea celtis

Dannehl, F. 1925: 64
1925
Loc

Libythea celtis

Dannehl, F. 1925: 64
1925
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Pagenstecher, A. 1911: 5
1911
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis: Pagenstecher 1901: 2

Pagenstecher, A. 1901: 2
1901
Loc

Libythea celtis

Fruhstorfer, H. 1898: 170
1898
Loc

Libythea celtis

Milliere, P. 1879: 15
1879
Loc

Libythea (Libythea) celtis

Milliere, P. 1879: 15
1879
Loc

Nymphalis phalerati celtis

Esper, E. J. C. 1829: 168
1829
Loc

Libythaeus [sic] celtis

Boitard, M. 1828: 299
1828
Loc

Hypatus feverus Hübner 1822: 3

Hubner, J. 1822: 3
1822
Loc

Hecaërge celtis

Ochsenheimer, F. 1816: 32
1816
Loc

Libythea celtis

Fabricius, J. C. 1807: 284
1807
Loc

Papilio celtis

Laicharting, J. N. E. 1782: 1
1782
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