Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778

Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles, 2017, Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa, Zootaxa 4296 (1), pp. 1-72 : 54-55

Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778

Fig. 62 A–D.

Echinodiscus bifora: Gray, 1825: 428 . Pl. XXVI.

Echinodiscus biforis: A. Agassiz, 1872: 113 .

Echinodiscus bisperforatus: Döderlein, 1910: 248 ; H.L. Clark, 1923: 394 –395; H.L. Clark, 1925a: 170; Mortensen, 1948d: 406 –411. Pl. LVIII, Figs 2 , 6–8 . Pl. LXXI, Figs 6–9 , 18 ; Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976: 243; Richmond, 1997: 300; Branch et al., 2010: 236, Fig. 106.8; Schultz, 2010: 341, Figs 645–646.

Material examined. MBC-A 022273; MBC-A 022273; MBC-A 022274; MBC-A 022276; MBC-A 022277; MBC- A 022296; MBC-A 022302; MBC-A 022275; MBC-A023310; MBC-A077907; MBC-A077904; MBC-A077908; MBC-A077909; MBC-A077905; MBC-A077906.

Identification. Test thin, fragile, highest point anterior of apical disc; apical disc with four gonopores; petals short; posteriorly truncated, two posterior slits; oral side with pressure drainage channels passing to anterior margin and to posterior slits; branching food grooves with distal side branches; spines aborally short, orally long. Live specimen uniformly purple, denuded test white.

Global maximum size. Maximum test length 118 mm.

Global distribution. Red Sea to South and East coasts of South Africa, Thailand, Malayan Archipelago and New Caledonia; from littoral to 50 m ( Schultz 2010).

Remarks. Variation within species exists in the length of slits and in shape of posterior petals.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts.

FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 9. Goniocidaris (Goniocidaris) indica: A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (SAMC- A 23089). C. Side view of preserved specimen (SAMC-A 28235).

FIGURE 18. Araeosoma paucispinum (SAMC- A 222221). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 62. Echinodiscus bisperforatus (SAMC-A 22296). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of denuded test. C. Oral view of denuded test. D. Side view of denuded test.