Enithares, Spinola, 1837

Polhemus, Dan A., 2020, Nine new species of Enithares (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from New Guinea, with distributional notes on other species and an updated world checklist, Zootaxa 4772 (1), pp. 132-182 : 136

Key to males of the species of Enithares occurring on New Guinea and nearby islands

1. Paramere large and well-developed, reaching to or exceeding dorsal margin of posterior lobe of pygophore ( Figs. 16–21 , 35–38 ); posterior lobe (PL) of pygophore erect, truncate, bearing a small apical notch anterodorsally ( Figs. 16–21 , 35–38 ); lateral arms of the basal plate (LABP) elongate and modified distally ( Figs. 16–21 , 35–38 ).............( E. atra group) ... 2

- Paramere small or vestigial ( Figs. 39, 40 , 49–54 ); PL rounded or angular, without an anterodorsal notch ( Figs. 39, 40 , 49–54 ); LABP shorter, stouter ( Figs. 39, 40 , 49–54 )................................................................ 11

2. Body length exceeding 12 mm ( Figs. 28, 29 , 31, 32 )......................................................... 3

- Body length distinctly less than 12 mm .................................................................... 4

3. LABP tapering distally, apex slightly hooked ( Fig 37 ); central New Guinea mountains........................ E. stylata

- LABP expanded distally, apex truncate ( Fig 21 ); Papuan Peninsula................................... E. peninsularis

4. LABP slender on distal half, with apex acute or slightly secondarily expanded ( Figs. 18, 19 , 36 )....................... 5

- LABP stout on distal half, apex blunt or broadly flared ( Figs. 16, 20 , 35 )......................................... 9

5. Distal section of LABP tapering throughout its length, apex slender and acuminate ( Fig. 36 ); central mountains of western New Guinea......................................................................................... E. ziwa

- Distal section of LABP not tapering as strongly as above, apex rounded or bluntly angled ( Figs. 17–19 )................. 6

6. Anterior width of vertex less than length of head; distal section of LABP slender, apex rounded ( Figs. 17, 18 )............ 7

- Anterior width of vertex greater than length of head; distal section of LABP thicker than above ( Figs. 19 , 38 )............ 8

7. Apex of LABP expanded and bulb-like ( Fig. 18 ); ventral margin of proctiger broadly curved ( Fig. 18 ); D’Entrecasteaux Islands....................................................................................... E. insularis

- Apex of LABP rounded, weakly expanded, not bulb-like, curving slightly upward ( Fig. 17 ); ventral margin of proctiger angular ( Fig. 17 ); southern Papuan Peninsula.................................................................. E. atra

8. LABP with apex forming a truncate upturned angle ( Fig. 19 ); Mt. Bosavi, southeastern New Guinea............. E. bosavi

- Apex of LABP curving gently downward ( Fig. 38 ); Louisiade Archipelago................................. E. tagula

9. Distal section of LABP with apex expanded to varying degrees ( Figs. 16 , 35 ); northeastern New Guinea............... 10

- Distal section of LAPB of relatively even width throughout, apex truncate ( Fig. 20 ); southeastern New Guinea or Waigeo Island............................................................................................... 11

10. Apex of LABP highly expanded, flaring and bi-angular ( Fig. 35 )........................................ E. elongata

- Apex of LABP not so strongly expanded as above, not bi-angular ( Fig. 16 )................................. E. orsaki

11. Ventrolateral angle of pygophore produced and acute; posterior margin of PL angled anteriorly; Waigeo Island.... E. digitata

- Ventrolateral angle of pygophore obtuse, not produced ( Fig. 20 ); posterior margin of PL nearly vertical ( Fig. 20 ); southeastern New Guinea................................................................................... E. papua

12. Dorsal apex of PL bearing stout, spine-like setae ( Figs. 39, 40 )................................ ( E. bakeri group) ... 13

- Dorsal apex of PL lacking stout, spine-like setae ( Figs. 49–54 )............................. ( E. megalops group) ... 14

Figures

FIGURES 16–21. Enithares species in the E. atra group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 16. Enithares orsaki n. sp.; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Madang Prov., Baitabag, CL 7034. 17. Enithares atra Brooks; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., Dorobisoro, CL 7264. 18. Enithares insularis n. sp.; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Milne Bay Prov., Fergusson Island, CL 7181. 19. Enithares bosavi n. sp., holotype; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Mt. Bosavi, CL 7206. 20. Enithares papua n. sp.; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., Tekadu, CL 7157. 21. Enithares peninsularis n. sp.; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., Woitape, CL 7248.

FIGURES 35–40. Enithares species in the E. atra and E. bakeri groups, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 35. Enithares elongata Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Morobe Prov., Wareo. 36. Enithares ziwa n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Ziwa River, CL 7100. 37. Enithares stylata Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Morobe Prov., Wau, CL 1817. 38. Enithares tagula n. sp.; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Milne Bay Prov. Tagula Is., CL 7190. 39. Enithares bakeri Brooks, specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Aimasi River, CL 2651. 40. Enithares loria Brooks; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Siewa, CL 7085.

FIGURES 49–54. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643.

FIGURES 23–29. Enithares species in the E. atra group, dorsal habitus photographs. 23–24. Enithares elongata Lansbury, male and female; specimens from Indonesia, Papua Province, Cyclops Mountains, CL 7145. 25–26. Enithares papua n. sp., male and female; specimens from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., male specimen from Swinging Bridge, CL 7020, female specimen from Tubage, CL 7022. 27. Enithares ziwa n. sp., male holotype, specimen from Indonesia, Papua Province, upper Ziwa River, CL 7100. 28–29. Enithares stylata Lansbury, male and female; specimens from Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands Prov., near Mt. Hagen, CL 1780.

FIGURES 31–34. Enithares species in the E. atra group, dorsal habitus photographs. 31–32. Enithares peninsularis n. sp., male and female; specimens from Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., CL 7248. 33–34. Enithares tagula n. sp., male and female; specimens from Papua New Guinea, Milne Bay Prov., CL 7190.