Phanocles virgulatus ( Redtenbacher, 1908: 420 ), 2024

Hennemann, Frank H. & Conle, Oskar V., 2024, Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae), Zootaxa 5444 (1), pp. 1-454 : 151

34. Phanocles virgulatus ( Redtenbacher, 1908: 420) [ Bacteria ]. HT, ♂: Monte Rico, Peru; 25. Bostra virgulata Br. ; Sintipo; MNCN Cat. Tipos No. 7628 [MNCN]. comb. n. ( Figs. 51C , 55B , 59G , 62Q–S , 65G–J , 93F , 97G , 99L , 120B )

= Bacteria innocens Redtenbacher, 1908: 420 . HT, ♂: Coll. Br. v. W., Callanga ( Peru), Staudinger; det. Redtenb. B. innocens ; 22574 [NHMW, No. 653]. syn. n.

= Bacteria peruana Redtenbacher, 1908: 421 . HT, ♀: Cumbase Perú, Sarleppi Lund ♀, Staudinger; 23.

Phanocles peruanus Br. [MNCN]. syn. n.

= Bacteria redtenbacheri Brock, 1998b: 35 . HT, ♂: Coll. Br. v. W., Callanga ( Peru), Staudinger; det. Redtenb. B. innocens ; 22574 [NHMW, No. 653]. (Replacement name for Bacteria innocens Redtenbacher, 1908 ) syn. n.

Remarks: Examination of the holotypes of Bacteria virgulata in the collection of MNCN and Bacteria redtenbacheri in the collection of NHMW has proven them to be synonyoums (syn. n.). A series of ♂♂ and ♀♀ (including eggs) collected by the authors in “Panguana” (Huanuco Province, Peru) in 2004 have furthermore shown Bacteria peruana to represent the opposite sex of Ph. virgulatus (syn. n.). For a list of material, differentiation, summary of intraspecific variability, measurements and a description of the previously unknown egg see below.

Distribution: E-Peru, Province Junín, Cerro Monte Rico [MNCN]; E-Peru, Province Junín, Callanga [NHMW]; E-Peru, Province Junín, Cumbase [MNCN]; E-Peru, Province Junín, Satipo 600–700 m [ANSP, NHMUK, UMMZ, USNM, FH]; E-Peru, Province Junín, Chanchamayo [ANSP]; E-Peru, Province Ucayali, Rio Ucayali, Contamano [ANSP]; NE-Peru, Province Loreto, Rio Hullaga, Yurimaguas [ANSP]; NE-Peru, Province Loreto, Rio Ucayali [MNHN]; Peru, San Martín, Mendoza [FH]; E-Peru, Province Huanuco, Rio Llullapichis, Panguana, 260 m [ZSMC, FH, OC]; E-Peru, Province Urubamba, Urubamba [MNHN]; Peru, Province Oxapampa, Dept. Pasco, Pozuzo 750 m [OC].

Figures

FIGURE 51. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus (in scale): A. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. Imbabura, Paramba), dorsolateral view [ZMUH]; B. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT (Ecuador, Prov. Napo, Misahualli), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0919–1]; C. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (Peru, Dept. Huanuco, Rio Lullapichis, Panguana) dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0538–3]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT (Peru, Prov. Satip, Junín, Satipo), dorsal view [ANSP]; E. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (S-Venezuela, San Esteban), dorsolateral view [ANSP].

FIGURE 55. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♂ PT (Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Rio Verde), dorsolateral view [MNCN]; B. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT (Ecuador, Prov. Napo, Misahualli), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0919–3]; C. P. maximus sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Panamá, Prov. Coclé, Valle deAntón), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 1360–3]; D. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♂ PT (captive reared from Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, La Gamba), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0563–18]; E. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀ (Panamá, Prov. Coclé, Valle de Antón 650–850 m), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0705–12]; F. P. obtusus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (Venezuela, Aragua N.P., Rancho Grande), dorsolateral view [ANSP].

FIGURE 59. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT (with small cephalic tubercles), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; B. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT (with prominent cephalic horns), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; C. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view of head, pro and mesonotum [MNHN]; D. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view of mesothorax with median segment showing the typical spines of the metapleurae [MNCR-A]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view of head and prothorax [ANSP]; F. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♂, lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; G. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]; H. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view [MNCN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH].

FIGURE 62. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. maximus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; B. P. maximus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; C. P. maximus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; D. P. rehni sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. rehni sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. rehni sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. subvolans (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]; H. P. subvolans (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [ANSP]; J. P. subvolans (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [ANSP]; K. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859), lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859), dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859), ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; O. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; P. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; Q. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; R. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; S. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH].

FIGURE 65. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♂♂: A. P. costaricensis Hennemann, 2002, lateral view [coll. FH]; B. P. costaricensis Hennemann, 2002, dorsal view [coll. FH]; C. P. costaricensis Hennemann, 2002, ventral view [coll. FH]; D. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; E. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; F. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; G. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; J. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH]; K. P. maximus sp. n. ♂ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; L. P. maximus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. maximus sp. n. ♂ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♂ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; O. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. spectabilis sp. n. ♂ PT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; R. P. vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; S. P. vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH].

FIGURE 93. Praeopercular organ of ♀♀: A. Phanocles significans (Redtenbacher, 1908) [ANSP]; B. Phanocles decorus Zompro, 2001 [MNHU]; C. Phanocles falcatus sp. n. PT [ANSP]; D. Phanocles maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) HT [MNHN]; E. Phanocles brevipes sp. n. HT [ANSP]; F. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; G. Phanocles vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; H. Phanocles ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀ [coll. FH]. Not in scale.

FIGURE 97. Vomer of ♂♂: A. Phanocles falcatus sp. n. HT lateral view [NHMUK]; B. Phanocles falcatus sp. n. PT [MNHN]; C. Phanocles maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) [MNHN]; D. Phanocles costaricensis Hennemann, 2002 [coll. FH]; E. Phanocles maximus sp. n. PT Laguna San Carlos, Panamá [coll. FH]; F. Phanocles significans (Redtenbacher, 1908) [ANSP]; G. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; H. Phanocles ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) [coll. FH]; J. Phanocles vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; K. Phanocles spectabilis sp. n. PT [ANSP]; L. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; M. Phanocles acutecornutus sp. n. PT [ZSMC]; N. Phanocles mutica (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; O. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) St. Vincent [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]. Not in scale.

FIGURE 99. Eggs (in scale): A. Phanocles aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles costaricensis Hennemann, 2002; C. Phanocles cuzcoense sp. n. ex ovipositor HT [ANSP]; D. Phanocles ecuadoricus sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; E. Phanocles maximus sp. n. [coll. FH]; F. Phanocles mutica (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) [coll. FH]; G. Phanocles ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) Panamá, Prov. Coclé, Valle de Antón [coll. FH]; H. Phanocles rehni sp. n. ex ovipositor HT [ANSP]; J. Phanocles spectabilis sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; K. Phanocles vosseleri (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; L. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; M. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) Martinique [coll. FH]; N. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) St. Vincent [coll. FH]; O. Phanocles chaperi (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; P. Phanocles falcatus sp. n. PT [coll. FH]. [Scale = 1 mm]

FIGURE 120. Live insects: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. captive reared ♀ PT (insect showing detail of head, pro- and mesothorax in lateral aspect); B. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ with pretty white mottling at Panguana, Dept. Huanuco, Peru; C. Jeremia gymnota Günther, 1930 ♀ at Satipo, Peru (© Raf Stassen).