Zyngoonops chambersi, Fannes, 2013

Fannes, Wouter, 2013, The Goblin Spider Genus Zyngoonops (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes On Related Taxa, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (379), pp. 1-117 : 33-39

Zyngoonops chambersi , new species

Figures 45–56 , 104 , 105D ; map 2

TYPES: Female holotype: D.R.C., face nord du Ruwenzori, camp de Kikura, vallée de la Kafuko, 00 ° 359N, 029 ° 579E, July–August, 1974, dans terreau, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28637, MRAC 224.194). Paratype: same data (PBI_OON 28550, MRAC 224.192), 1 female. Paratype: same data (PBI_OON 33274, MRAC 230.591), 1 male.

ETYMOLOGY: Named after the Scottish writer and publisher Robert Chambers (1802–1871). In his book Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844) Chambers argued for an evolutionary view of life.

DIAGNOSIS: Males resemble those of Z. beatriceae but differ in having a P2 projection with a prominent anterolateral extension (figs. 46E, F, 47C, 48A, B). Females can be recognized by the large scape that gradually widens posteriorly (figs. 49D, 52E, 105D).

MALE (figs. 45–48, 49A, B, 104A–F): TL 1.45. Habitus as in figure 45A. Carapace strongly elevated in lateral view; posterodorsal part reclining (fig. 45B). Carapace stripes as in Z. beatriceae . Inner surface of carapace wall showing ridges; the ridges presumably correspond to the red stripes (fig. 45C). Six eyes; ALE about one diameter apart; PME oval, touching or almost touching; PLE oval, well separated from PME. Endites as in Z. beatriceae , but P2 with a prominent anterolateral extension (figs. 46E, F, 47C, 48A, B). Booklung covers medium sized, darker than surrounding scutum. Ventral lip not constricted. DS long, covering almost entire dorsum, fused to ES (fig. 48F). PES fused to ES, forming single ventral scutum that covers nearly full length of abdomen. Lateral apodemes long, distally slightly inward curved. PLS with three spigots (fig. 49B).

FEMALE (figs. 49C, D, 50–56, 104G, H, 105D): TL 1.53. Habitus as in figure 50A. Carapace without stripes. Eyes as in male. Booklung covers medium sized, darker than surrounding scutum. Ventral lip not constricted (fig. 51F). DS long, covering almost entire dorsum. PES long, most of ventral abdomen covered (fig. 51E). Epigastric scape as in figures 49D, 52E, 105D, more than half as long as PES. Internal genitalia as in figures 52F, G, 53–56. Genital pouch present (figs. 52G, 53E). Distal part of genital duct highly coiled (fig. 53A, F); a section through the coiled part reveals numerous small, round structures (fig. 54B); these structures have a thick wall and a dark center (presumably they are cross sections through the duct).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: D.R.C.: Face nord du Ruwenzori, camp de Kikura, vallée de la Kafuko, 00 ° 359N, 029 ° 579E, July–Aug. 1974, dans terreau, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28625, MRAC 154.012), 1 male. Same data (PBI_OON 9830, 9853, 9854, 28598, 28585, MRAC 224.193, 224.195, 224.197, 154.058, 154.853), 2 males, 7 females. Same locality and date, sol suspendu, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28599, MRAC 154.013), 1 female. Same locality and date, dans souche de fougères mortes, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28584, MRAC 154.017), 1 female. Face nord du Ruwenzori, camp de Kikura, vallée de la Ruanoli, 00 ° 359N, 029 ° 579E, July–Aug. 1974, litière de fougères, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28516, MRAC 154.671), 1 female. Same locality and date, terreau sous litière, elev. 2000 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28602, MRAC 155.446), 1 female. Kivu, Butembo, vallée Musosa, 00 ° 099N, 029 ° 179E, Apr. 1968, elev. 1745 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28525, MRAC 134.027), 4 females. Same data (PBI_OON 28568, 9829, 9833, MRAC 134.069, 224.191, 224.196), 3 males. Butembo, 00 ° 099N, 029 ° 179E, Feb.–Mar. 1975, litières de fougères décomposées, elev. 1750 m, Lejeune M. (PBI_OON 28577, MRAC 161.340), 2 females. Same data (PBI_OON 28536, MRAC 161.362), 1 female. Ruwenzori, Kyandolire, Mulaku affl. g. Kakalari, 00 ° 209N, 029 ° 459E, Oct. 15, 1952, terreau berge de la rivière, elev. 1750 m, Vanschuytbroeck P. and Kekenbosch J. (PBI_OON 9601, MRAC 224.142), 2 males, 2 females. Same data (PBI_OON 28505, MRAC 224.199), 1 female. Same data except date Oct. 10, 1952 (PBI_OON 28615, PPRI), 2 males, 1 female. Same data except date Oct. 14, 1952 (PBI_OON 9608, MRAC 224.168), 2 males. Ruwenzori, Kyandolire, lieu dit camp des gardes, 00 ° 209N, 029 ° 459E, Oct. 23–25, 1952, terreau, elev. 1700 m, same collectors (PBI_OON 9186, MRAC 224.143), 5 females. Same data (PBI_OON 9176, 9196, 28555, MRAC 224.166, 224.171, 224.187), 2 males, 6 females. Same data except date Aug. 22, 1952 (PBI_OON 28566, MRAC 224.188), 1 female. Same data except date Oct. 8, 1952 (PBI_OON 28511, MRAC 224.189), 1 male, 1 female. Same data (PBI_OON 9831, 9832, MRAC 224.190, 224.200), 2 males. Ruwenzori, Kyandolire, Bwisonge affl. dr. Butahu, 00 ° 209N, 029 ° 459E, Oct. 13, 1952, elev. 1780 m, same collectors (PBI_OON 9673, MRAC 224.146), 1 male, 3 females. Same data (PBI_OON 9178, MRAC 224.147), 1 male.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the Kivu region, D.R.C. (map 2), where the species is sometimes sympatric with Z. swammerdami and Z. marki .

Figures

Fig. 45. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Carapace, lateral view. C. Carapace wall, inner surface. Arrow: extended anterolateral corner. Arrowheads: ridges. D. Carapace, ventral view. E. Chelicera, posterior view. F. Detail of E, showing cheliceral tooth. Scale bars: 5 Mm (F), 30 Mm (C, E), 100 Mm (A, B, D).

Fig. 46. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male. A. Labium, ventral view. B. Mouthparts, ventral view. C. Detail of B, showing median projections. Arrowhead: setae 1–3. D. Left endite, P2 and P3, ventral view. E. Detail of D, showing anterolateral extension of P2. F. Right endite, P3, ventral view. Abbreviations: ae, anterolateral extension of P2; mp, median projection; P, projection; pmp, posteromedian part of endite. Scale bars: 2 Mm (E), 5 Mm (F), 10 Mm (A, C, D), 50 Mm (B).

Fig. 47. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male. A. Endites, lateral view. B. Left endite, P2, lateral view. C. Left endite, P3, lateral view. D. Right endite, median view. E. Right endite, projections P2, P4 (asterisk) and P5, median view. F. Detail of D, showing median projection. Abbreviations: ae, anterolateral extension of P2; mp, median projection; P, projection; pf, pleural flap. Scale bars: 5 Mm (C, F), 10 Mm (B, D, E), 30 Mm (A).

Fig. 48. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male. A. Right endite, projections P2, P3, P4 (asterisk) and P5, anterior view. B. Right endite, projections P2, P3 and P5, anterolateral view. C. Claws, leg II, lateral view. D. Retroclaw, leg III, median surface. E. Same, leg IV. F. Abdomen, lateral view. Abbreviations: ae, anterolateral extension of P2; P, projection. Scale bars: 5 Mm (A–E), 100 Mm (F).

Fig. 49. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male (A, B) and female (C, D). A. PMS, posterior view. B. PLS, posterior view. C. Carapace, anterior view. D. Epigastric region, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 Mm (A, B), 50 Mm (D), 100 Mm (C).

Fig. 50. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, female. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Carapace, lateral view. C. Same, anterior view. D. Same, dorsal view. E. Eyes, dorsal view. F. Leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 20 Mm (E, F), 50 Mm (B–D), 100 Mm (A).

Fig. 51. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, female. A. Leg IV, lateral view. B. Claws, leg II, anterior view. C. Proclaw, leg III, median surface. D. Same, leg IV. E. Abdomen, ventral view. F. Pedicel tube, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 Mm (B–D), 10 Mm (F), 30 Mm (A), 50 Mm (E).

Fig. 52. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, female. A. Spinnerets, posterior view. B. ALS, posterior view. C. PMS, posterior view. D. PLS, posterior view. E. Epigastric scape, ventral view. F. ES and PES, dorsal view. G. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cd, coiled part of duct; pou, genital pouch; sd, straight part of duct. Scale bars: 3 Mm (B–D), 20 Mm (A, E, G), 50 Mm (F).

Fig. 53. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, female. A. Coiled part of duct, dorsal view. B. ES and anterior sclerite, posterior view. C. Anterior sclerite, anterior view. D. Same, posterior view. E. Pouch and duct, anterior view. F. Posterior sclerite, anterolateral view. Arrow: small opening. Abbreviations: as, anterior sclerite; cd, coiled part of duct; pou, genital pouch; ps, posterior sclerite; sd, straight part of duct. Scale bars: 5 Mm (A, C, D, F), 10 Mm (B, E).

Fig. 54. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, female. A. Slitlike opening in posterior sclerite (arrow). B. Section through coiled part of duct, showing numerous small, round structures (presumably cross sections through the duct). Arrowheads highlight some of the round structures. Scale bars: 1 Mm (B), 2 Mm (A).

Fig. 55. Schematic drawing of the internal female genitalia of Zyngoonops chambersi, new species. Genital duct in grey; lumen only depicted in straight part. Arrow: entrance to pouch. Arrowhead: slitlike opening in posterior sclerite.

Fig. 56. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, internal female genitalia. The proximal part of the genital duct is covered by the pouch (A). To study this part of the duct, the genitalia were sectioned transversally at the level of the dashed line. This resulted in the parts B and C (arrowhead: copulatory opening in ventral wall of pouch). D. A posterior view on part B shows the lumen of the duct (asterisk). E. A dorsal view on part C shows the copulatory opening (arrowhead). Scale bars: 10 Mm.

Fig. 104. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, male (A–F) and female (G, H). A. Carapace, lateral view. B. Same, anterior view. C. Same, dorsal view. D. Same, posterior view. E. Same, ventral view. F. Mouthparts, ventral view, showing diagonal band (arrowheads), pleural flap (pf) and structure below the transverse band (asterisk). G. Carapace, lateral view. H. Same, posterior view.

Fig. 105. Zyngoonops and Coxapopha species, females, genitalia (A–H, J, K) and habitus (I). A. Zyngoonops clandestinus Benoit, ventral view. B. Zyngoonops moffetti, new species, ventral view. C. Zyngoonops redii, new species, ventral view. D. Zyngoonops chambersi, new species, ventral view. E. Zyngoonops beatriceae, new species, ventral view. F. Same, dorsal view. G. Zyngoonops goedaerti, new species, ventral view. H. Zyngoonops walcotti, new species, ventral view. I. Coxapopha sp., habitus, ventral view. J. Same, genitalia, ventral view. K. Same, dorsal view.