Ficomila Bouček, 1981

Lotfalizadeh, Hossein, Delvare, Gérard, Cruaud, Astrid & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2024, Morphological phylogeny and revision of Sycophila and Ficomila (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) associated with Afrotropical fig trees (Moraceae, Ficus), Zootaxa 5401 (1), pp. 1-190 : 28-30

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5401.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:376CAB04-43BE-4C9A-950B-80DBD676CFB0
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD6B5E-722E-6133-5486-B7EFFA2FF974
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scientific name	Ficomila Bouček, 1981
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Treatment

Ficomila Bouček, 1981 View in CoL View at ENA

Ficomila Bouček, 1981 View in CoL : Type-species: F. curtivena Bouček, 1981: 211 View in CoL , by original designation.

Diagnosis. Gena posteriorly not carinate, but edged in some species. Flagellum with fu1 longer than scape (except in F. curtivena ), distinctly curved dorsally and at most as long as pedicel. Epicnemium with a ring-like process, adjacent to mesocoxa. Fore wing with mv slightly widened not convex ventrally, stv distinctly curved, pmv inconspicuous. Petiole short, with ventral transverse carina between petiole and St1. Propodeum slightly depressed medially.

Description. Length 1.99–6.17 mm and male 1.00– 4.92 mm. Body colouration from entirely dark to entirely yellowish or brown, sometimes partly or entirely dark; fore wing mostly with a dark brown spot below mv, lower margin of mv obscured by dark brown spot or not; lower margin of mv concave; gaster petiolate or sessile.

Head. Face and vertex coriaceous with sparse punctures, wider than high, in dorsal view transverse; malar space about half of eye length; malar sulcus present or absent; genal margin regularly curved or sinuous in lower margin, edged but not carinate; antennal toruli narrowly or widely separated, interantennal space not raised; scrobal depression smooth or slightly sculptured dorsally, sometimes carinate on margin; POL longer than OOL; temple margined, distinctly shorter than eye length (in dorsal view); scape reaching median ocellus or not; fu1 distinctly longer than pedicel, bulging dorsally.

Mesosoma dorsally with sculpture varying from dense umbilicate punctures to obliterate punctures or densely coriaceous; mesodiscrimen with a ring-like process, adjacent to mesocoxa; prepectus bare, smooth to sculptured; propodeum with a distinct median depression, flat or weakly to distinctly concave, moderately finely reticulate in larger specimens, in some species with a smooth median band and a distinct median carina; lateral rows of areolae long and extending at least over posterior half of propodeum or shorter, basal carinae as in an inverted U or V shape, sometimes trapezoidal, reaching the metanotal margin well apart.

Fore wing with short marginal fringe; dark brown spot small to large and present below mv; basal cell bare or setose; mv slightly widening, in lower margin concave; longer than pmv and stv; stv curved up; pmv not distinct; ventral and dorsal sides of costal bare to setose; speculum present.

Metasoma longer than mesosoma, of female dorsally broad or compressed laterally and angulate; ventral transverse carina between petiole and St1 present; petiole in dorsal view short or longer than wide; tergites smooth to finely sculptured; ovipositor upturned.

Comments. Before this work, only two species of Ficomila were known in the Afrotropical region, F. curtivena Bouček, 1981 and F. gambiensis ( Risbec, 1955) and we add here 11 new species.

We identified two species-groups in Ficomila , each of them including one of the two species described by Bouček et al. (1981): i) the curtivena species-group, which includes mostly black species with dense umbilicate punctures and conspicuous white pubescence and, in females, Gt4 much longer than Gt3 (at least 1.5×) and with the tergites dorsally broad and not carinated, and ii) the gambiensis species-group, which includes species with the mesosoma dorsally brownish, sometimes yellowish and with sparse umbilicate punctures, densely coriaceous and, in females, the tergites are compressed laterally and dorsally angulate.

Key to Afrotropical species of Ficomila View in CoL associated with Ficus View in CoL

1 Antenna with 5 funiculars, funiculars with short and adpressed hairs ( Figs 12B View FIGURE 12 , 17B View FIGURE 17 , 19B View FIGURE 19 ); metasoma longer than mesosoma, petiole at most as long as hind coxa ( Figs 15C View FIGURE 15 , 22C View FIGURE 22 ); fore wing normally hairy with enlarged marginal vein ( Figs 13E View FIGURE 13 , 15E View FIGURE 15 )....................................................................................... go to female key

- Antenna with 4 funiculars, funiculars with relatively long and erect hairs ( Figs 16C View FIGURE 16 , 23B View FIGURE 23 , 26B View FIGURE 26 ); metasoma shorter than mesosoma, petiole longer than hind coxa ( Figs 16A View FIGURE 16 , 26A View FIGURE 26 ); fore wing densely setose, sometimes with marginal vein still more enlarged ( Figs 16D View FIGURE 16 , 23D View FIGURE 23 , 26D View FIGURE 26 )............................................................... go to male key

Female

1 Gaster broad, not carinate dorsally ( Figs 13D View FIGURE 13 , 15D View FIGURE 15 ); mesosoma almost always black dorsally, with dense umbilicate punctures and conspicuous white pubescence ( Figs 13A View FIGURE 13 , 15A View FIGURE 15 )...................................... curtivena View in CoL species-group 2

- Gaster compressed laterally, dorsally angulate ( Figs 18D View FIGURE 18 , 20D View FIGURE 20 , 22D View FIGURE 22 , 25D View FIGURE 25 ); mesosoma brown or dark brown dorsally, sometimes yellowish, with sparse umbilicate punctures and densely coriaceous ( Figs 18A View FIGURE 18 , 20A View FIGURE 20 , 22A View FIGURE 22 , 25A View FIGURE 25 )...................................................................................................... gambiensis View in CoL species-group 3

2(1) Gt4 much longer than Gt3 (about 2× as long as Gt3) ( Fig. 13C View FIGURE 13 ); fore wing hyaline, without dark spot, setation of the wing, including marginal fringe, short nearly inconspicuous ( Figs 13E‒F View FIGURE 13 )......................... F. curtivena Bouček, 1981 View in CoL

- Gt3 longer than Gt4 (about 1.5 ×as long as Gt3) ( Fig. 15C View FIGURE 15 ); fore wing with a small dark brown spot beside mv, setation of the wing, including marginal fringe, long and conspicuous ( Fig. 15E View FIGURE 15 ).................. F. sinai Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

3(1) Mesosoma strongly arched ( Figs 24E View FIGURE 24 , 36A, E View FIGURE 36 ); head only partly visible in dorsal view; mesoscutum mostly coriaceous ( Figs 25A View FIGURE 25 , 37A View FIGURE 37 )........................................................................................... 4

- Mesosoma slightly arched ( Figs 17A View FIGURE 17 , 19A View FIGURE 19 , 21A View FIGURE 21 ); head mostly visible in dorsal view; mesoscutum coriaceous or umbilicate.. ................................................................................................... 5

4(3) Body dark or dark brown ( Fig. 36A View FIGURE 36 ); fu2‒fu5 distinctly broader than long ( Fig. 36C View FIGURE 36 )..................................................................................................... F. gibba Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Body yellowish ( Fig. 24A View FIGURE 24 ); all funiculars longer than broad ( Fig. 24B View FIGURE 24 ).......... F. comptoni Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

5(3) Flagellum with fu2‒fu4 not longer than broad, fu5 broader than long ( Figs 19B View FIGURE 19 , 33B View FIGURE 33 , 41B View FIGURE 41 )........................... 6

- Flagellum with fu2–fu4 longer than broad, fu5 at least as long as broad ( Figs 27B View FIGURE 27 , 39B View FIGURE 39 )............................. 8

6(5) Body dark brown ( Fig. 21A View FIGURE 21 ); clava entirely or at least two terminal segments yellowish-orange ( Fig. 21B View FIGURE 21 ); POL short, not more than 2× as long as OOL ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 )........................................ F. carolae Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Body yellowish-brown ( Figs 33A View FIGURE 33 , 41A View FIGURE 41 ); clava dark brown as for funiculars ( Figs 33B View FIGURE 33 , 41B View FIGURE 41 ); POL long, more than 2× as long as OOL ( Figs 33D View FIGURE 33 , 41D View FIGURE 41 )............................................................................... 7

7(6) Flagellum with fu1–fu4 with two rows of sensilla ( Fig. 33B View FIGURE 33 ); propodeum reticulate medially ( Fig. 34B View FIGURE 34 ).............................................................................................. F. gambiensis ( Risbec, 1955) View in CoL

- Flagellum with fu1–fu4 with a single row of sensilla ( Fig. 41B View FIGURE 41 ); propodeum rugose medially ( Fig. 42B View FIGURE 42 )................................................................................... F. tanzanica Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

8(5) Body yellowish, with a dorsal dark bands ( Fig. 27A View FIGURE 27 )............................ F. flava Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Body dark brown with few yellowish spots................................................................. 9

9(8) Flagellum with fu5 as long as broad ( Figs 19B View FIGURE 19 , 39B View FIGURE 39 )........................................................ 10

- Flagellum with fu5 longer than broad ( Figs 17B View FIGURE 17 , 30B View FIGURE 30 , 44B View FIGURE 44 )................................................... 11

10(9) Propodeum with a short median carina not reaching half-length of propodeum and with a smooth median band ( Fig. 40B View FIGURE 40 )..................................................................... F. guinensis Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Propodeum with a distinct median carina reaching half-length of propodeum and without median a smooth band ( Fig. 19B View FIGURE 19 )..................................................................... F. bouceki Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

11(9) POL less than 1.5× OOL ( Fig. 17D View FIGURE 17 ); smooth median band of propodeum reaching the posterior margin of propodeum ( Fig. 18B View FIGURE 18 ).......................................................... F. artocarpoides Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- POL at least 1.5× OOL ( Figs 30D View FIGURE 30 , 44D View FIGURE 44 ); smooth median band of propodeum short not reaching the posterior margin of propodeum ( Figs 31B View FIGURE 31 , 45B View FIGURE 45 )............................................................................ 12

12(11) Propodeum with a median carina reaching half-length of propodeum ( Fig. 31B View FIGURE 31 )...................................................................................................... F. gabonensis Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Propodeum without median carina ( Fig. 45B View FIGURE 45 ).............................. F. vannoorti Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

Male

1 Mesosoma strongly arched dorsally ( Fig. 37A View FIGURE 37 ); fu2–fu4 wider than long ( Fig. 38C View FIGURE 38 )... F. gibba Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Body slightly arched ( Figs 23A View FIGURE 23 , 29A View FIGURE 29 , 32A View FIGURE 32 ); fu2–fu4 longer than wide ( Figs 23B View FIGURE 23 , 26B View FIGURE 26 , 29B View FIGURE 29 , 32B View FIGURE 32 )..................... 2

2(1) Body mostly dark, in some part yellowish ( Figs 16A View FIGURE 16 , 35A View FIGURE 35 ).................................................... 3

- Body yellowish, partly dark ( Figs 23A View FIGURE 23 , 26A View FIGURE 26 , 43A View FIGURE 43 )........................................................... 4

3(2) Fore wing without dark brown spot, only mv dark ( Fig. 16D View FIGURE 16 )..................... F. sinai Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Fore wing with distinct dark brown spot below mv ( Figs 35A, D View FIGURE 35 )......................... F. gambiensis ( Risbec, 1955)

4(2) Body robust, femora enlarged ( Figs 23A View FIGURE 23 , 26A View FIGURE 26 ); fore wing and mv extremely setose, with long setae ( Figs 23D View FIGURE 23 , 26D View FIGURE 26 )...... 5

- Body not robust, femora normal ( Figs 29A View FIGURE 29 , 32A View FIGURE 32 ); fore wing at least partly bare, not densely setose ( Figs 29D View FIGURE 29 , 32D View FIGURE 32 )....... 9

5(4) Clava not dark, antenna uniformly coloured ( Fig. 26B View FIGURE 26 )...................... F. comptoni Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Clava dark or dark brown ( Figs 18D View FIGURE 18 , 42D View FIGURE 42 )................................................................. 6

6(5) Propodeum with a short median carina, with a U-shaped carina below basal carina ( Fig. 23C View FIGURE 23 ).............................................................................................. F. carolae Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Propodeum with a long median carina, exceeding half propodeum length ( Figs 42C View FIGURE 42 , 45D View FIGURE 45 )........................... 7

7(6) Fore wing with distinctly dark setae ( Fig. 43D View FIGURE 43 )............................. F. tanzanica Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Fore wing setae white below submarginal vein and basal cell ( Fig. 46D View FIGURE 46 )......... F. vannoorti Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

9(4) Antennal formula 11152, first clavomere separated from other clavomeres ( Fig. 32B View FIGURE 32 ); propodeum medially with one row of areolae ( Fig. 32C View FIGURE 32 )................................................... F. gabonensis Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.

- Antennal formula 11143, clava 3-segmented ( Fig. 29B View FIGURE 29 ); propodeum medially with two rows of areolae ( Fig. 29C View FIGURE 29 )............................................................................... F. flava Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n.