Chydoridae Stebbing, 1902

Smirnov, N. N., 2008, Check-List of the South-African Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda), Zootaxa 1788 (1), pp. 47-56 : 48-50

Chydoridae Stebbing, 1902

(1) Acroperus cf. angustatus Sars, 1863 . Previously noted as Acroperus gr. harpae (Baird, 1834) by Harding (1961); Seaman et al., 1999; as Acroperus sp. by Frey (1993). In contrast to Europe, specimens of the genus Acroperus in samples from the southern hemisphere occur but rarely, and mostly as single individuals. P; FO 1%

(2) Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) . Noted by Sars (1916); Harding, 1961; Frey (1993). Recognized in South African material, it is a true Palearctic species. P FO 1.5 %

(3) Alona arcuata Sars, 1916 (in Sars 1916). E

(4) Alona bukobensis Weltner, 1896 noted by Sars (1916) and Harding (1961).

(5) * Alona cambouei Guerne et Richard, 1893 (major head pores separate). General distribution: Africa and tropical Asia. FO 6%

(6) Alona crassicauda Sars, 1916 (in Sars 1916). E.

(7) Alona guttata Sars, 1863 (in Frey 1993; Seaman et al. 1999). P FO 0.3%.

(8) Alona harpularia Sars, 1916 (in Sars 1916). E.

(9) Alona intermedia Sars, 1862 . Common and numerous. Indistinguishable from descriptions of European specimens. Noted by Sars (1916), Frey (1993). P A FO 11%.

(10) * Alona meridionalis Sinev, 2006 . E.

(11) Alona monacantha Sars, 1901 (noted in Seaman et al. 1999). General distribution is supposed to be Neotropical, also South Asia and Africa.

(12) * Alona natalensis Sinev, 2008 . The records of Alona cf costata Sars, 1862 by Frey (1993) possibly belong to this species. E.

Alona pulchella King, 1853 is noted by Sars (1916) and subsequent authors but after Sinev’s (2001) redescription all previous records are doubtful.

(13) Alona quadrangularis (Mueller, 1785) . Rare, indistinguishable from European descriptions. It is also noted by Frey (1993). P FO 1%.

(14) Alona cf. rectangula Sars, 1862. FO 2%.

(15) Alona rustica Scott, 1895 . Noted by Frey (1993); Seaman et al. (1999). P.

(16) Alona striolata Sars, 1916 (in Sars 1916). E.

(17) * Alona verrucosa Sars, 1901 . FO 1%.

(18) * Alona sp. nov. 1, closely related to Alona affinis but endemic to South Africa. E FO 1%.

(19) Alonella cf. clathratula Sars, 1896 . Noted by Frey (1993). General distribution: Australia and Ethiopian region. A.

(20) Alonella excisa (Fischer, 1854) . Previously noted by Sars (1916) and Frey (1993, as A. cf. excisa ). P FO 1%.

(21) * Alonella exigua (Lilljeborg, 1853) (det A. A. Kotov). General distribution: Holarctic and Ethiopian regions. P FO 0.3%.

(22) Alonella nana (Baird, 1850) . Found in one sample. Previously noted by Frey (1993). General distribution: Holarctic, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. P FO 1%.

(23) Camptocercus aloniceps Ekman, 1900 . In Brady (1913). The genus Camptocercus is not represented in the present collection.

(24) Camptocercus australis Sars, 1896 . Mentioned by Harding (1961). In view of the recent concept of this species (Smirnov 1988), its species affiliation is uncertain.

(25) Chydorus cf. eurynotus Sars, 1901 . General distribution: circumtropical. FO 8%.

Chydorus leonardi King, 1853 . In Sars (1916). Its seems to be a small variety of C. sphaericus s.l.

(26) * Chydorus parvus Daday, 1898 . General distribution: Ethiopian and Indo-Malayan. FO 7%.

(27) Chydorus cf. pubescens Sars, 1901 (in Frey 1993). General distribution: circumtropical.

(28) Chydorus sphaericus (Mueller, 1785) . In Harding (1961), Frey (1993, as C. cf. sphaericus ). General distribution: Holarctic and probably worldwide. FO 16%.

(29) Chydorus tilhoi Rey et Saint-Jean, 1969 . Noted by Frey (1993). Previously known localities: Lake Chad, the White Nile.

(30) Disparalona hamata (Birge, 1879) . It is also mentioned by Frey (1993, as Alonella cf hamulata). Previously known occurrences: Europe, Southern Asia, North and South America, Africa. FO 0.3%.

(31) * Dumontiellus africanus Smirnov, 2006 . E FO 0.3%.

(32) Dunhevedia crassa King, 1853 . In Sars (1916); Frey (1993 – as D. cf crassa ); Seaman et al., (1999). General distribution: worldwide, at warm latitudes. FO 4%.

(33) * Dunhevedia serrata Daday, 1898 . General distribution: Africa, India, Shri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines. FO 1%.

(34) Ephemeroporus barroisi (Richard, 1894) group. In Sars (1895, 1916); Johnson (1953); Frey (1993, E. gr. barroisi ); Seaman et al. (1999). FO 10%.

(35) Euryalona orientalis (Daday, 1897) . Also mentioned by Seaman (1999). FO 0.7%.

(36) Eurycercus sp. Noted as Eurycercus gr lamellatus (Mueller, 1785) in Harding (1961); Seaman et al. (1999) and as Eurycercus (Eurycercus) sp. in Frey (1993). FO 0.7%.

(37) Graptoleberis testudinaria (Fischer, 1851) . Noted by Frey (1993); Seaman et al. (1999).

(38) Karualona cf. karua (King, 1853) . It is recorded by Brady (1913, as Leydigia quadridentata ); Sars (1916); Frey (1993). Its status has to be reinvestigated, as this taxon was recently split into several species. FO 4%.

(39) Kurzia cf. longirostris (Daday, 1898) . Noted by Frey (1993).

(40) Leberis diaphanus (King, 1983) . Transferred to this genus by Sinev et al. (2005). Noted by Johnson (1953) as Alona diaphana (Sars, 1888) ; Harding (1961); Frey (1993), as Alona cf diaphana ). FO 2%.

Leydigia africana Gurney, 1904 . In Gurney (1904). Obviously, it is a junior synonym of L. propinqua (Kotov, unpublished).

(41) Leydigia ciliata Gauthier, 1939 . General distribution: Afro-Asian ( Kotov et al., 2003). FO 0.3%.

(42) Leydigia lousi Jenkin, 1934 . According to Kotov (2003), distributed in Africa, South America and Mexico (a separate subspecies). FO 0.7%.

(43) Leydigia macrodonta Sars, 1916 . In Sars (1916); Clarke and Rayner (1999). E FO 1.5%.

(44) Leydigia microps Sars, 1916 . In Sars (1916); Harding (1961). E.

(45) Leydigia propinqua Sars, 1903 . In Sars (1903, 1916); Johnson (1953); Harding (1961). E FO 2%.

(46) Leydigia quadrangularis (Leydig, 1860) . Mentioned by Methuen (1911). This taxon is a junior synonym of L. leydigi (Kotov, 2003) , but in South Africa this species seems to be absent.

Leydigia trispinosa Methuen, 1910 . In Methuen (1910) and subsequently denied by himself ( Methuen, 1911).

(47) Monospilus cf. dispar Sars, 1862 . Mentioned by Harding (1961), Frey (1993), and Seaman et al. (1999). General distribution: Holarctic, Africa. P.

(48) Notoalona cf. globulosa (Daday, 1898) . Indicated by Frey (1993).

(49) Oxyurella cf. tenuicaudis (Sars, 1862) . Mentioned in Seaman et al. (1999).

(50) Paralona pigra (Sars, 1862) (also Holarctic and South American). Abundant in our material. Mentioned by Frey (1999, as Chydorus cf. piger). General distribution: Europe, Siberia, North and South America, Africa ( Dumont and Smirnov 1996). P FO 7%.

(51) * Picripleuroxus quasidenticulatus Smirnov, 1996 . General distribution: Australia, Iraq, Argentina. FO 0.7%.

(52) Pleuroxus carolinae ( Methuen, 1910) . Indicated as P. inermis in Sars (1916, pp. 342–343, pl. 41, figs. 2, 2a, b) and as Chydorus carolinae in Methuen (1910, p. 157, pl. 16, figs. 44a, b). Described in detail by Smirnov, Kotov, and Coronel (2006).

(53) Pleuroxus inermis Sars, 1896 . General distribution: described from Australia, it is mentioned by Sars (1916) from South Africa.

(54) Pleuroxus cf. toumodensis Brehm, 1934 . General distribution: Ethiopian region.

(55) Pleuroxus sp. is found as parthenogenetic females, sometimes numerous, in 11 samples, taken within 28° 35’– 34° S, 18°– 29° E. Externally, it shows little, if any, difference from European P. aduncus . Harding (1961) mentioned Pleuroxus cf. aduncus (Jurine, 1820) . Distribution of P. aduncus described from Europe is wide but southern limits are indefinite, due to controversies in understanding the status of this species. Only recently Frey (1991) indicated to an important character of this species: presence of a short seta + 2 long setae on the distal segment of one of antennal branches. In the present material the specimens externally similar to P. aduncus have all setae on distal antennal segments long in contrast to the typical P. aduncus having one of the distal setae short. FO 4%.

Pleuroxus assimilis Brady, 1906 . Incertae sedis.

(56) Pseudochydorus globosus (Baird, 1843) . Few in one sample. Mentioned also by Harding (1961); Frey (1993, as P. cf. globosus ); Seaman et al. (1999). General distribution: cosmopolitan. FO 0.3%.

(57) Rak sp. In unpublished note by D. G. Frey. E.

(58) Tretocephala colletti ( Sars, 1895) . Though its frequency of occurrence is low, particular samples contain many specimens. Morphologically, it is indeed congeneric with palearctic Tretocephala ambigua . In Sars (1895, as Alonopsis Colletti, 1916 – as Euryalona colletti ), Harding (1957, 1961, as Euryalona ), Brehm (1958, as Euryalona sp. ), Frey (1965, 1993), Clarke and Rayner (1999, as Euryalona ), Seaman et al. (1999). E FO 3%.