Oropezella

Ale-Rocha, Rosaly & Freitas-Silva, Rafael Augusto Pinheiro De, 2014, New species of Oropezella Collin (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from Brazil and Costa Rica, with comments on the relationships among species-groups, Zootaxa 3852 (5), pp. 501-539 : 504-505

Key to the Neotropical and Andean species of Oropezella

(partially adapted from Smith, 1962)

1 Stylus lacking; cell dm emitting three veins; abdomen darkly sclerotized ( Chile).................. O. abdominalis Collin

- Stylus present; cell dm emitting two veins (Figs 109–124); abdomen not darkly sclerotized........................... 2

2 Four ocelli; antenna located on top of head, in front of ocelli; frons absent (Southern and Southeastern Brazil)...................................................................................... O. pseudotetraocellata Ale-Rocha

- Three ocelli; antenna located above middle of head but not on top, frons visible................................... 3

3 Thorax dark brown with longitudinal yellow stripe; cell cup lacking (Fig. 112) (Northern Brazil)....... O. bicolor sp. nov.

- Thorax with coloration variable, usually paler; cell cup present................................................ 4

4 Scutum with metallic blue shine and pruinescence only on prescutellar disc...................................... 5

- Scutum lacking metallic blue shine and usually entirely pruinose............................................... 7

5 Frons long and holoptic (Northern Brazil).................................................... O. uncata sp. nov.

- Frons short and distinctly dichoptic...................................................................... 6

6 Frons moderately short, twice the length of ocellar triangle, very narrow, width less than ocellar diameter (Southern Brazil)....................................................................................... O. metallica Smith

- Frons very short, as long as length of ocellar triangle, widened, as wide as ocellar diameter (Southern and Southeastern Brazil)........................................................................................ O. biloba Smith

7 R1 long, reaching wing margin at or beyond middle of wing (Figs 110, 113, 116, 119, 121, 122)....................... 8

- R1 short, reaching wing margin before middle of wing (Figs 109, 111, 114, 115, 117, 118, 120, 124).................. 18

8 Thorax margined with yellowish brown, blackish or dark brown on dorsum and heavily dusted with yellowish pruinescense; if in doubt, then at least postpronotal lobe and postalar callus yellow.............................................. 9

- Thorax predominantly yellow with lateral brown marks, or uniformly brown or black, pruinescense variable........... 14

9 Eyes distinctly separated on frons, at least just below ocellar notch............................................ 10

- Eyes holoptic or narrowly separated on frons.............................................................. 11

10 Eyes separated over entire frons; hind tibia blackish near apex, mid and hind tarsi black; surstyli elongate and slender ( Figs 80, 83, 84 ) (Southern Brazil).................................................................. O. rafaeli sp. nov.

- Eyes almost touching just above antennae; hind tibia yellow, mid and hind tarsi yellow except tarsomeres 3–5 brownish; sur- styli shortened and rather robust ( Figs 67, 70, 71 ) (Midwestern Brazil)............................. O. planti sp. nov.

11 Mesopleuron light brown with a median longitudinal yellow stripe or entirely yellow; scutellum yellow to brown, with apical blackish mark...................................................................................... 12

- Mesopleuron blackish-brown; scutellum blackish (Southern Brazil)............................. O. marginata Smith

12 Frons length 9 times diameter of anterior ocellus, longer than antenna (stylus omitted); distance from tip of R2+3 to tip of R4+5 more than half the distance from h to R1, radial sector longer than distance between tip of Sc to tip of R1 (Fig. 122); fore tar- someres 1 and 2 with well developed setae only apically (Southeastern Brazil)..................... O. spathula sp. nov.

- Frons with length 5–7 times diameter of anterior ocellus, shorter or sub-equal in length to antenna (stylus omitted); distance from tip of R2+3 to tip of R4+5 less than half distance from h to R1, radial sector shorter than distance between tip of Sc to tip of R1 (Fig. 113); fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with several well developed setae across their length.......................... 13

13 Postpronotal lobe largely yellow, thorax with well developed brownish setae; fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with thin elongate setae, hind tarsomere 1 uniformly dark brown bearing uniformly short setae; distal margin of tergites 7 and 8 bearing thin long setae; left epandrial lamella with short dorsoapical process ( Figs 25, 27 ) (Southern Brazil)............... O. bipunctata sp. nov.

- Postpronotal lobe brown with yellow apical point, thorax with well developed black setae; fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with strong setae, hind tarsomere 1 yellow near base and dark brown on apical third, setae longer towards apex; distal margin of tergites 7 and 8 bearing black strong setae; left epandrial lamella with a very long dorsoapical process ( Figs 30, 32 ) (Southern Brazil)...................................................................................... O. clavata sp. nov.

14 Scutum yellow with brown marks on hind corners (Southern Brazil).............................. O. flavida sp. nov.

- Thorax homogeneously brown or black.................................................................. 15

15 Tarsomeres 1 and 2 pale yellow with a distinct brown band near apex (Southern Brazil)............ O. annulitarsis Smith

- Tarsomeres 1 and 2 variable; if yellow, usually gradually darkened distally, without distinct brown band.............. 16

16 Mid tibia with anterior bristle near middle................................................................ 17

- Mid tibia with anterior bristle distinctly near base (Southern Brazil)................................. O. arara Smith

17 Thorax brown with margins of scutum slightly paler; mid femur bearing anteroventral bristles; hind femur and tibia brown, hind tarsus darker than fore and mid tarsi (Southeastern Brazil)................................... O. taquara Smith

- Thorax homogeneously black; mid femur lacking anteroventral bristles; hind femur and tibia black, except brownish femur- tibial articulation, black (Southern and Southeastern Brazil)...................................... O aquila sp. nov.

18 Frons short and evident, eyes distinctly dichoptic.......................................................... 19

- Frons long and narrow or absent, eyes holoptic or narrowly dichoptic.......................................... 20

19 Postpedicel conical, stylus apical; scutum completely covered by yellow tomentum; R1 ending at middle of wing (Fig. 120) (Southern Brazil).................................................................... O. plaumanni sp. nov.

- Postpedicel ovate, stylus sub-dorsal; scutum mostly shining, tomentum restricted to margins; R1 short, ending before middle of wing (Fig. 109) (Northern Brazil).................................. O. amazonica (Rafael & Ale-Rocha) comb. nov.

20 Scutum distinctly bicolour, yellow in the anterior third/half, and brown in the remainder, entirely pruinose............ 21

- Scutum mostly brown, yellowish on the extreme anterior margin, pruinosity variable.............................. 23

21 Mesopleuron with yellowish median longitudinal stripe (Northern Brazil)......................... O. undulata sp. nov.

- Mesopleuron pale brown to dark yellow on dorsal portion (anepisternum, anepimeron and laterotergite) and yellow on ventral portion (katepisternum and meron) and mediotergite ( Costa Rica)............................................. 22

22 Two npl setae (1 ventral short and discreet and 1 long and stout above); hypandrium about 1.5 times longer than wide with truncate apex; right surstylus with base wider than apex, with small pointed process at middle of ventral margin ( Fig. 58 ); left surstylus ventrally curved inwards, with apex clavate, distal half covered by lumpy circular marks ( Fig. 57 ); articulated distal portion of phallus elongate, more than two-thirds of length of phallic shaft with apical bifurcate portion long, basal process about one-third length of articulated distal portion of phallus ( Fig. 56 )........................... O. granulosa sp. nov.

- Four npl setae (3 lower short and slender, 1 long and stout above); hypandrium elongate, about 2.3 times longer than wide with slightly concave apex; right surstylus sub-triangular with apex elongate and narrowed ( Fig. 13 ); left surstylus simple, falciform, curved dorsally ( Fig. 12 ); articulated distal portion of phallus short, about one-third length of phallic shaft and basal process very short ( Fig. 11 )................................................................. O. arcuata sp. nov.

23 Mesopleuron yellow; frons at least four times length of ocellar triangle (Northern Brazil)........... O. longifrons sp. nov.

- Mesopleuron mostly brown, sometimes with the dorsal margin of sclerites yellowish; frons never more than three times length of ocellar triangle ( Costa Rica)......................................................................... 24

24 Scutum variable, entirely covered by pruinescence or with wide shiny presutural area lacking pruinescence; ventral margin of hypandrium slightly concave ( Fig. 39 ); inner margin of right surstylus smooth ( Fig. 39 ); left surstylus not expanded distally, without rounded marks on outer surface ( Fig. 42 )............................................. O. falcata sp. nov.

- Scutum with wide shiny presutural area lacking pruinescence; ventral margin of hypandrium slightly convex ( Fig. 34 ); inner margin of right surstylus serrated ( Fig. 34 ); left surstylus expanded distally with lumpy circular marks on outer surface ( Fig. 37 ).............................................................................. O. costaricensis sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 80 – 84. Oropezella rafaeli. Hypopygium: 80, ventral aspect; 81, dorsal aspect; 82, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 83, 84, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 67 – 74. Oropezella planti. Hypopygium: 67, ventral aspect; 68, dorsal aspect; 69, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 70, 71, left and right epandrial lamella and surstylus, respectively, lateral aspect. Female terminalia: 72, dorsal aspect; 73, ventral aspect; 74, lateral aspect. Scale bar: hypopygium = 0.1 mm; female terminalia = 0.3 mm.

FIGURES 24 – 28. Oropezella bipunctata. Hypopygium: 24, ventral aspect; 25, dorsal aspect; 26, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 27, 28, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bac scl—baciliform sclerite; b p ph—basal process of articulated distal portion of the phallus.

FIGURES 29 – 33. Oropezella clavata. Hypopygium: 29, ventral aspect; 30, dorsal aspect; 31, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 32, 33, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 54 – 58. Oropezella granulosa. Hypopygium: 54, ventral aspect; 55, dorsal aspect; 56, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 57, 58, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 9 – 15. Oropezella arcuata. Hypopygium: 9, ventral aspect; 10, dorsal aspect; 11, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 12, 13, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Female terminalia: 14, ventral aspect; 15, dorsal aspect. Scale bar: hypopygium = 0.1 mm; female terminalia = 0.3 mm.

FIGURES 39 – 45. Oropezella falcata. Hypopygium: 39, ventral aspect; 40, dorsal aspect; 41, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 42, 43, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Female terminalia: 44, ventral aspect; 45, dorsal aspect. Scale bar: hypopygium = 0.1 mm; female terminalia = 0.3 mm.

FIGURES 34 – 38. Oropezella costaricensis. Hypopygium: 34, ventral aspect; 35, dorsal aspect; 36, phallus, lateral aspect (hypandrium spotted); 37, 38, left and right epandrial lamella, surstylus and cercus, respectively, lateral aspect. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.