Priva bahiensis de Candolle (1847: 533)

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique, Valério, Vanessa Imaculada Dos Reis, Neto, Luiz Menini & Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves, 2021, Verbenaceae in Espírito Santo, Brazil: richness, patterns of geographic distribution and conservation, Phytotaxa 484 (1), pp. 1-43 : 25-29

9.1. Priva bahiensis de Candolle (1847: 533) . (Figs. 3A, 7C)

Herbs ca. 50 cm high, branches tetragonal, puberulous to pubescent, trichomes uncinate. Leaves opposite, petiole 3‒8 mm long; blade 4‒6.2 × 1.5‒3 cm, membranaceous, ovate to oval-lanceolate, apex acute, base truncate, decurrent along the petiole, margin serrate, ciliate, adaxial surface sparsely pubescent, abaxial surface pubescent, uncinate trichomes, rarely glandular pedicellate trichomes along the veins. Inflorescences 5‒10 cm long, peduncle ca. 1.5 cm long, pubescent, uncinate trichomes, glandular pedicellate trichomes present; bracts 1.5‒2 mm long, lanceolate, abaxial surface sparsely hirsute, margin ciliate; calyx 5‒6 mm long, cylindrical-tubular, densely hirsute externally, uncinate trichomes; corolla 0.9‒1.1 cm long, lilac. Fruit ca. 2.5 mm long, uncinate in the central part of the edges, surrounded by the persistent and inflated calyx.

Distribution and habitat:— Priva bahiensis is endemic to Brazil, occurring from the Paraíba to the Rio de Janeiro, in the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest ( Cardoso & Salimena 2020b). In Espírito Santo, it was found only in dense rainforest in the municipality de Santa Teresa, outside the SPAs.

FIGURE. A— Aloysia gratissima ; B — A. virgata ; C — Bouchea fluminensis ; D — Citharexylum myrianthum ; E — Glandularia lobata ; F — Lantana camara ; G — L. canescens ; H — L. caudata . Photos. A, D: M. Verdi; B, C: M. Sobral; E: R. Penati; F: M. Mercadante; G: J.R. Stehmann; H: P.H.Cardoso.

FIGURE. A — Lantana fucata ; B — L. nivea ; C — L. radula ; D — L. salzmannii ; E — L. trifolia ; F — L. undulata ; G — Lippia brasiliensis ; H — L. diversifolia . Photos. A: M. Sobral; B: P.H. Nobre; C: A. Popovkin; D: G. Heimen; E: N.L. Faria; F: P.C. Santana; G: L. Menini Neto; H: P.H. Cardoso.

FIGURE. A— Lippia origanoides ; B— Petrea volubilis ; C — Priva bahiensis ; D — Stachytarpheta angustifolia ; E — S. cayennensis ; F — S. schottiana ; G — S. tomentosa ; H — Verbena litoralis ; I — V. rigida . Photos. A, D: A.S.F. Castreo; B,G: L. Kollmman; C: G. Oliveira; E: V.A.O. Dittrich; F: J.M.C. Covre; H, I: P. Schwikowski.

Phenology:— Collected with flowers and fruits in August.

Preliminary conservation assessment:— Priva bahiensis presents several misidentified records in the scientific collections, once the majority is P. lappulacea . It is necessary for a thorough revision of the collections of Priva to a better understanding of the distribution of the species. Considered “Data Defficient” (DD) ( IUCN 2019).

Selected material:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Santa Teresa , 30 August 2001, fl. and fr., L . Kollmann et al. 4454 ( HUEFS, MBML) .

Additional material examined:— Brazil. — Bahia: Feira de Santana , 7 April 2005, fl. and fr., A . P .L. Couto et al. 25 ( HUEFS) . Sergipe: Simão Dias , 13 August 2010, fl. and fr., A . P . Prata et al. 2453 ( ASE) .

Notes:— Priva bahiensis is similar to P. lappulacea , and it is not possible to differentiate them based on vegetative characteristics only. Both species have branches with uncinate trichomes; leaves with apex acute, truncate base, decurrent along the petiole, and serrate margin. In flowering, P. bahiensis can be recognized by the cylindrical-tubular calyx, 5‒6 mm long, and tube of the corolla almost two times the length of the calyx. In fructification, when the majority of specimens is collected, the fruit is surrounded by the persistent and inflated calyx in both species and is impossible to differentiate them without removing it. Thus, the main difference between both species is the fruit: in P. bahiensis it is uncinate in the central part of the edges, and in P. lappulacea it is echinate along the edges.

Illustrations in Schauer (1851).