Dasyloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

Londoño-Burbano, Alejandro & Reis, Roberto E., 2016, Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic relationships of Dasyloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with description of a new species, Neotropical Ichthyology (Neotrop. Ichthyol.) 14 (1), No. e 150120, pp. 1-32 : 3

Dasyloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

Dasyloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen , in Isbrücker, 1979: 90 (type species: Loricaria filamentosa Steindachner, 1878 , by original designation; gender: female).

Diagnosis. Dasyloricaria is diagnosed by the following uniquely derived synapomorphies: (1) the metapterygoid is approximately rectangular (character 24.1); (2) the symplectic cartilage is one-half or more the length of the quadrate (character 26.2); (3) the ventrolateral process of epibranchial 4 is large and in the form of a curved shelf (character 37.2); (4) the lower pharyngeal tooth-plate is expanded, very thin and translucent (character 40.1); (5) the upper pharyngeal tooth-plate is triangular, with the anterior portion much narrower than the posterior region (character 44.2); (6) the anterior border of the cleithrum is strongly expanded anteriorly (character 54.2); (7) thick, fleshy filaments are present on upper lip anterior to the premaxillary teeth (character 66.1); and (8) the presence of a transverse bar of dark pigmentation extending over the eyes (character 73.1). Dasyloricaria can also be distinguished from other loricariines by having two rows of central abdominal plates with these sometimes separated laterally in juveniles from the lateral abdominal plates (vs. a single row of plates or plates without a clear arrangement or abdomen naked except in Loricariichthys ), and the poorly papillated lips (vs. lips with filaments or papillae absent or with prominent rounded papillae).

Distribution. Dasyloricaria species inhabit the trans- Andean portion of northern South America and southern Central America in the Atrato, Sinú, Cauca, and Magdalena, in Colombia, lago Maracaíbo basin in Colombia and Venezuela, and the río Tuyra basin in Panama ( Fig. 2 ).

Remarks. Dasyloricaria has several unique external and osteological features among the Loricariinae examined herein (see Diagnosis of the genus and character descriptions). One character useful to distinguish the genus, albeit not unique within the Loricariinae (shared with Loricariichthys ) is the arrangement of the central abdominal plates in two rows, as previously proposed in the original description by Isbrücker & Nijssen (in Isbrücker, 1979). Among the Rineloricariina , Dasyloricaria can be also distinguished by the incipient degree of hypertrophy of the odontodes on the lateral portions of the head of males, which are highly developed in males of Spatuloricaria , Rineloricaria and Ixinandria .

Figures

Fig. 2. Map of northwestern South America (Colombia, Panama and Venezuela) showing the distributions of species of Dasyloricaria. Black dots: Dasyloricaria filamentosa; black squares: D. paucisquama; black triangles: D. latiura; white circle: holotype of Loricaria filamentosa seminuda (=Dasyloricaria filamentosa); white square: holotype of D. paucisquama; white triangle: lectotype of Loricaria filamentosa latiura; and white star: holotype of Loricaria capetensis (= Dasyloricaria latiura) and holotype of L. tuyrensis (= Dasyloricaria latiura).