Bromeloecia

Yau, Tiffany & Marshall, Stephen A., 2018, A revision of the genus Bromeloecia Spuler (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae), Zootaxa 4445 (1), pp. 1-115 : 13-15

Key to the Neotropical species of Bromeloecia

1 Fore femur with 2 long anterodorsal golden hairs at base (Fig. 7.3). Costa with a pair of costagial setae. R2+3 distally curved upwards to meet costa. Length of crossvein dm-cu at least 1.5x r-m and distance between crossveins at least 1.5x length of dmcu. CuA1-pseudovein short, subequal to vein CuA1 (Figs. 2.4, 3.4, 7.4). Cell r2+3 with S-shaped WIP diagonally across cell (Figs. 2.5, 3.5, 7.5). Male subanal plate absent (Figs. 2.8, 3.8, 7.8). Female T 3–6 well sclerotized and closely spaced (Figs. 2.11, 3.11, 7.11); spermathecae laterally pitted, spermathecal ducts simple, without mid-length swelling (Figs. 2.13, 3.13, 7.1 3)................................................................................... 2 (The basal lineages)

- Anterodorsal golden hairs at base of fore femur short, similar in length to other setulae but ventrally curved. Costa with one costagial seta. R2+3 straight or with slight uniform curvature (Figs. 9.4, 17.4, 20.4). Crossvein dm-cu subequal to or only slightly longer than r-m, and distance between crossveins at most equal to length of dm-cu. CuA1-pseudovein long, at least 3x length of vein CuA1 (Figs. 8.4, 12.4, 19.4). Cell r2+3 without S-shaped WIP diagonally across cell (Figs. 8.5, 12.5, 20.5). Male subanal plate present (Figs. 8.8, 12.8, 19.8). Female T 3 and T4 desclerotized and widely spaced (Figs. 8.11, 12.11, 19.13); spermathecae apically and basally pitted, ducts usually with mid-length swelling (Figs. 8.13, 12.13, 19.15).............. 7

2 Male S5 with 2 medial short tight transverse rows of strong ventromedially directed setae anterior to posteromedial lobes, surstylus with long ventrolateral process, cercus apically tapering (Fig. 6.6). Female with S7 posteriorly collapsed (Fig. 6.14); S8 thin but very well sclerotized, arching from side to side (Fig. 6.14); cercus short pear-shaped, with stout medial-preapical, hooked seta (Fig. 6.11)...................................................................... B. ramus sp. n.

- Male S5 with 1 transverse row of strong posteriorly directed setae anterior to posteromedial lobes, ventrolateral process of surstylus short or absent, cercus variable (Figs. 2.6, 4.6, 7.6). Female S7 and S8 not as described above; cercus shaped differently (Figs. 2.12, 4.12, 7.12)................................................................................. 3

3 Angle between costa and R4+5 approximately 75° (Fig. 7.4), basal angle of distal WIP spot approximately 95° (Fig. 7.5). Male surstylus without thumb-like ventrolateral process (Fig. 7.6). Female T8 with one seta on each half; S8 with a medial horn and a small spicule on each side (Figs. 7.12, 7.14); cercus slender (Fig. 7.11).......................... B. fractacincta sp. n.

- Angle between costa and R4+5 approximately 60° (Figs. 2.4, 3.4, 4.4, 5.4), basal angle of distal WIP spot approximately 55° (Figs. 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5). Male surstylus with thumb-like ventrolateral process (Figs. 2.6, 3.6, 4.6, 5.6). Female T8 without setae; S8 not as described above; cercus teardrop-shaped/pear-shaped/oval......................................... 4

4 Width of cell r1 at distal quarter shorter than basal quarter (Fig. 2.4). Male S5 with 1 row of strong setae as wide as width of posteromedial lobes; cercus short and simple, apex slightly expanded (Figs. 2.6, 2.8). Female cercus pear-shaped, apically rounded, with stout inner apical hooked seta (Fig. 2.11)....................................... B. abundantia sp. n.

- Width of cell r1 at distal quarter equal to basal quarter (Figs. 3.4, 4.4, 5.4). Male S5 with 1 row of strong setae wider than width of posteromedial lobes (Figs. 3.6, 4.6, 5.6); cercus variable but not as described above. Female cercus variable........... 5

5 Male cercus glossy, more sclerotized on edge; basally with prominent stub (Figs. 5.6, 5.8). Female cercus teardrop-shaped, apically pointed, with stout apical hooked seta (Fig. 5.11).......................................... B. robustora sp. n.

- Male cercus matte, uniformly sclerotized; basally without prominent stub (Figs. 3.8, 4.8). Female cercus pear-shaped, apically rounded, with stout inner apical hooked seta (Fig. 3.11, 4.11)................................................... 6

6 Male cercus laterally compressed, apex distinctly bent anteriorly (Fig. 3.6, 3.8)......................... B. magna sp. n.

- Male cercus wide, flat, flipper-like (Figs. 4.6, 4.8)................................................. B. pinna sp. n.

7 Male S5 with dark, curved, transverse sclerotized band (Figs, 24.7–24.10); hind tarsus usually with additional process(es), protuberances or long setae (Figs. 24.1–24.6). Female cerci usually narrowly contiguous, long and slender with unmodified setae............................................................................. B. winnemana species group.

- Male S5 without dark, curved, transverse sclerotized band; hind tarsus usually without additional process(es), protuberances or long setae. Female cerci variable......................................................................... 8

8 Male tarsomere two of hind leg with small distal process, tarsomere three with a tuft of setae posteromedially (Figs. 11.6– 11.8); S4 modified to shield S5 and with a pair of posterolateral lobes (Figs. 11.9, 11.10). Female with quadrate cercus (Fig. 11.14); each half of T8 small, without setae but with minute setulae and microtrichia (Fig. 11.17)........... B. aurita sp. n.

- Male with simple hind tarsus, S4 unmodified. Female cercus variable; each half of T8 large, with setae................. 9

9 Ripple pattern of distal spot of WIP uniform, circular, not filling space distal to R4+5 and M-pseudovein (Figs. 12.5, 13.5, 14.5, 15.5). Male with S5 width greater than 3x length, surstylus with flattened setae (Figs. 12.7, 13.7, 14.7, 15.7), cerci medially contiguous along full length (Figs. 12.8, 13.8, 14.8, 15.8), and hypandrium sheet-like with posteromedial hypandrial processes truncated (Figs. 12.7, 13.7, 14.7, 15.7)...................................... 10 ( B. wolverinei species group)

- Distal spot of WIP variable, never with combination described above. Male S5 variable but not shortened; surstylus without flattened setae; cerci not medially contiguous along full length; hypandrium with posteromedial hypandrial processes usually Y, V or U-shaped (Figs. 8.7, 9.7, 19.7).................................................................... 13

10 Flagellomere 1 without depression on basal outer edge (Fig. 13.3b). Male surstylus slender, crab claw-like (Fig. 13.6). Female T6 with setae across width of tergite; epiproct glossy on lateral thirds (Fig. 13.11).................... B. brachium sp. n.

- Flagellomere 1 with depression on basal outer edge (Fig. 12.3b). Male surstylus stout or subquadrate (Figs. 12.6, 14.6, 15.6). Female T6 variable, epiproct not or only partially glossy on lateral thirds (Figs. 12.11, 14.11, 15.11)................... 11

11 Male with anteroventral arm of synsternite 6+7 wavy, apex plow-shaped; surstylus narrow triangular with ventromedially directed large flat setae on posterior end (Fig. 12.7). Female T6 with extended posterolateral corners, setae concentrated on well-sclerotized lateral triangular patches (Fig. 12.11); outer margin of cercus folded inwards (Fig. 12.12)....................................................................................................... B. undulata sp. n.

- Male with anteroventral arm of synsternite 6+7 arched, apex triangular or expanded, not plow-shaped (Figs. 14.7, 15.7); surstylus subquadrate with ventromedially curved flat setae on ventral edge (Figs. 14.6, 15.6). Female T6 without extended posterolateral corners, order of setae variable (Figs. 14.11, 15.11); outer margin of cercus not folded inwards (Figs. 14.12, 15.12)..................................................................................................... 12

12 Male surstylus bare, posteriorly with thimble-shaped lobe bearing 2 normal and 1 blunt seta, ventral margin with strongly sclerotized flattened setae; dorsolateral corners of subanal plate without cluster of macro and microtrichia (Figs. 15.6, 15.8). Female T6 with setae across width of tergite (Fig, 15.11)....................................... B. wolverinei sp. n.

- Male surstylus with setulae and microtrichia on posterior surface but no thimble lobe, ventral margin with weakly sclerotized flat setae; dorsolateral corners of subanal plate with cluster of macro and microtrichia (Figs. 14.6, 14.8). Female T6 with setae concentrated on round sclerotized lateral patches, usually in a radiating fashion (Fig. 14.11)............. B. triunguia sp. n.

13 Distal spot of WIP large, almost fully occupying space distal to R4+5 and M-pseudovein; ripple pattern uniform (Figs. 8.5, 9.5, 10.5). R2+3 straight to slightly curved posteriorly (Figs. 8.4, 9.4, 10.4). Male S5 simple. Female cercus with conspicuously thickened apical seta (Figs. 8.12, 9.12, 10.12)..........................................14 ( B. ponsa species group)

- Distal spot of WIP occupying approximately ¾ of space distal to R4+5 and M-pseudovein; ripple pattern skewed (Figs. 18.5, 20.5, 21.5). R2+3 straight to slightly curved anteriorly (Figs. 18.4, 20.4, 21.4). Male S5 variable. Female cercus with apical seta not conspicuously thickened (Figs. 18.12, 20.12, 21.12)...................................................... 17

14 Length of CS2 approximately 4.8x length of costal section between humeral and subcostal break (Figs. 9.4, 10.4)......... 15

- Length of CS2 approximately 3.0x costal section between humeral and subcostal break (Fig. 8.4)...................... 16

15 Angle between costa and R4+5 approximately 90° (Fig. 10.4). Length of CS3 approximately 1.3x CS2. Ripple pattern of WIP in cell r2+3 generally following the curvature of R2+3 and CS3, distally dipped, narrowest cross section at mid length of CS3 (Fig. 10.5). Male with anteroventral arm of synsternite 6+7 similar to a stretched out Ω-shape; surstylus without multiple lobes, setae not orderly arranged; hypandrium Y-shaped (Fig. 10.7). Female T6 as wide as T5, usually with a pair of widely separated medial setae (Fig. 10.11)..................................................................... B. ponsa sp. n.

- Angle between costa and R4+5 approximately 85° (Fig. 9.4). Length of CS3 approximately 1.5x CS2. Ripple pattern of WIP in cell r2+3 mainly parallel to R2+3, distally dipped, narrowest cross section at distal quarter of CS3 (Fig. 9.5). Male with anteroventral arm of synsternite 6+7 length 0.4x width (measured from sensory setula 6 to the tip of arm); surstylus tri-lobed, ventral lobe with one tightly lined row of mollisetae, dorsomedial lobe with few scattered setulae, posterior lobe rounded with a cluster of 6–7 setae; anterior hypandrial apodeme reduced, hypandrium thus U or V-shaped (Figs. 9.6, 9.7). Female T6 narrower than T5, usually with a trio of triangularly arranged medial setae (Fig. 9.11).......................... B. balaena sp. n.

16 Angle between costa and R4+5 approximately 70° (Fig. 8.4); WIP in cell r2+3 evenly arched (Fig. 8.5). Male synsternite 6+7, straight and thick, length 0.2x width (measured from sensory setula 6 to the tip of arm) (Fig. 8.7); surstylus clam-shaped with short setae and microtrichia on ventromedial surface (Fig. 8.6)...................................... B. peloris sp. n.

- Angle between costa and R4+5, and WIP in cell r2+3, variable. Male synsternite 6+7 straight but thin, surstylus variable but usually pear-shaped................................................... undescribed species of B. ponsa species group

17 Clypeus of uniform height. Longest aristal branches at least 0.75x as long as length of basal aristomere (Figs. 16.3, 17.3, 18.3). Mid tibia with 2 distal dorsal (anterodorsal and dorsal) setae (Figs. 17.1, 18.1). Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP elbowed (Figs. 16.5, 17.5, 18.5)............................................................................... 18

- Clypeus higher at sides than in middle. Longest aristal branches less than 0.75x length of basal aristomere (Figs. 19.2, 20.2). Mid tibia with 3 distal dorsal (anterodorsal, dorsal and posterodorsal) setae (Figs. 20.1, 21.1). Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP usually straight or curved anteriorly, if elbowed, never at basal one third (Figs. 19.5, 20.5, 21.5)............................................................................................... 19 ( B. ephippium species group)

18 Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP elbowed at distal half (Fig. 18.5). Male fore femur ventrally and anteroventrally with discrete combs of 3–4 strong setae; femur shallowly depressed posteroventrally; tibia anterobasally depressed, anterodistally swollen, tibia-tarsus joint laterally off centered (Fig. 18.1). Male S5 posteromedially desclerotized, posterolaterally pointed; synsternite 6+7 with a hand-like apical lobe on anteroventral arm and a quadrilobate sclerite at base (Fig. 18.7). Each half of female T8 similar to an oblique triangle (Fig. 18.14); S8 extremely desclerotized, quadrate, sometimes indistinguishable from surrounding membrane (Fig. 18.12); epiproct simple (Fig. 18.11)................................... B. aculatus sp. n. - Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP elbowed at basal one third (Figs. 16.5, 17.5). Male with a row of 8 strong posteroventral setae along fore femur length; leg unmodified. Male S5 simple; arm of synsternite 6+7 simple, distally elbowed, apically desclerotized and fused with membrane of genital pouch (Fig. 16.6). Each half of female T8 huge, shielding most of epiproct, posteriorly with a neat row of 4 setae (Fig. 17.7); S8 rectangular, not extremely desclerotized; epiproct large, with medial strip of microtrichia, anteromedially extended with well sclerotized edge, base of posterior point with a pair of setae on each side, laterally followed by a V-shaped groove (Fig. 17.7).................................. B. bromeliarum Knab and Malloch

19 M-pseudovein slightly bent towards costa and then bent posteriorly but remained anterior to level of basal portion in distal half (Fig. 19.4). Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP elbowed (Fig. 19.5). Male subanal plate cone-shaped (Fig. 19.8)................................................................................................ B. coniclunis sp. n.

- M-pseudovein slightly bent towards costa, leveling off in distal half (Figs. 20.4, 21.4, 22.4, 23.4). Posterior edge of distal spot of WIP straight or anteriorly curved (Figs. 20.5, 21.5, 22.5, 23.5). Male subanal plate flat or concave (Figs. 20.6, 21.6, 22.6, 23.6)............................................................................................... 20

20 Male cerci straight, medially converging (Fig. 20.8). Hypandrium simple Y-shaped with minimal lateral extension plate (Fig. 20.7). Female S8 quadrate (Fig. 20.12)...................................................... B. ephippium sp. n.

- Male cercus medially curved (Figs. 21.8, 22.8, 23.8). Hypandrium Y-shaped with broad lateral extension plate (Figs. 21.7, 22.7, 23.7). Female S8 variable, but posterior edge usually rounded (Figs. 21.12, 22.12, 23.12)....................... 21

21 Male cercus thick, apically spatulate (Figs. 23.6, 23.8); distiphallus first distal sclerite (FDS) with distolaterally jagged lobes, mediodistal sclerite (MS) elbowed, basally bilobed with fringed distal edges, distally tapered (Fig. 23.9). Female S8 width 2/3 of S7, bell-shaped (Fig. 23.12)........................................................... B. spathicercus sp. n.

- Male cercus thin, of uniform width (Figs. 21.8, 22.8); jagged lobe absent on distiphallus first distal sclerite (FDS), mediodistal sclerite (MS) straight (Figs. 21.9, 21.10, 22.9, 22.10). Female S8 width 1/3 of S7, shield-like (Figs. 21.12, 22.12)........ 22

22 Male S5 posteromedially desclerotized; setae on epandrium short; surstylus simple, fist-like, ventrally with numerous fine setae (Fig. 21.6). Female cercus short and triangular (Fig. 21.11)................................ B. cercarcuata sp. n.

- Male S5 simple; setae on epandrium long and dense; surstylus posteroventrally extended, extension basally with 4 short ventral spicules and distally with 3 long ventrally curved tapering appendages (Fig. 22.6). Female cercus long and slender (Fig. 22.11)............................................................................. B. diabolunguia sp. n.