Serjania urvilleoides (Radlk.) Ferrucci & Urdampilleta, 2022

Ferrucci, María S. & Urdampilleta, Juan D., 2022, A new combination in Serjania (Sapindaceae, Paullinieae) endemic to Minas Gerais, Brazil, Phytotaxa 576 (2), pp. 184-192 : 185-187

Serjania urvilleoides (Radlk.) Ferrucci & Urdampilleta , comb. nov.

Figures 1 , 2 .

≡ Paullinia urvilleoides Radlkofer (1896: 112 , 191) ≡ Cardiospermum urvilleoides (Radlk.) Ferrucci (1993: 257–258) .

Type:— BRÉSIL [ BRAZIL]. Minas [Minas Gerais]: São João d’ El Rei , 28 February 1881, fl, Glaziou 12508 (lectotype: G 00030145! [Hb. Delessert] designated by Ferrucci (1993); isolectotypes BR 00000532602!, C 10018674!, FOBN 005636 [Hb. Eichler] B!, K 000074516!, M 0212648! fragments, M 0212649!, P 02297037!, P 02297038!, P 06695424 [image!], P 06695425 [image!], R 000008271!, US!) .

Semi-woody vines, duodichogamous (i.e. three alternating sexual phases within an individual), mostly glabrous, with brownish-dark laticifers on hypophyll, perianth, and fruit wall. Indumentum of minute, curved glandular hairs scattered on stems, petioles, and inflorescence axes, also sparse simple hairs. Young branches greenish-brown, 5- costate, flowering branchlets subterete-striate, glabrous, 2–4 mm diam., with minute lenticels; cross section of stem with a single vascular cylinder, medulla fistulous. Leaves with foliaceous stipules ovate, acute to acuminate, subfalcate, reflexed, deciduous, leaving a semilunate scar, 4–8 × 2.5–10 mm, ciliate; petiole subterete, striate, adaxially canaliculate or bicanaliculate, 2.4–13.7 cm long, glabrous; leaf 3-foliolate; petiolules 4–15(–20) mm long on the distal leaflet, up to 2 mm long on lateral ones; leaflets chartaceous, discolorous, ovate or narrowly ovate, 4–11.8 × 1.6–6.9 cm, lateral leaflets asymmetric with a narrower acroscopic side, base obtuse decurrent into petiolule, apex acuminate- or obtuse-mucronate or in acumen obtuse-mucronate, margins dentate-serrate, 4–9 obtuse glandular teeth in 1/3–1/2 distal; hypostomatic, upper and lower surface glabrous except for abaxial domatia in a pocket with a tuft of hairs in vein axils; venation mixed craspedodromous, primary vein and basal laterals lightly prominent on both faces. Thyrse axillary, simple, racemiform, axes greenish-brown, puberulous, peduncle quadrangular, 4–15 cm long, rachis angular, striate, 3.5–9.2 cm long, with 2 tendrils at base; cincinnus 3–7-flowered, the basal subverticillate then alternate, cincinni peduncle 1.5–5 mm long; floral pedicel 2.5–6 mm long, fruit pedicel 4–6 mm long, articulate at the basal 1/4–1/3; bracts ovate-triangular, persistent, ca. 1 mm long, ciliate, bracteoles similar but smaller. Flowers whitish, 4–4.5 mm long. Sepals 5, free, the outer two ovate-suborbicular, 2–2.25 × 1.4–2.5 mm, inner sepals obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 2.4–3 mm; glabrous to puberulous, with minute glandular hairs on margins. Petals 4, obovate, clawed, 3–4 × 1.8–2 mm, glandular on the internal face, the posterior ones apiculate; appendages 1.5–2 mm long, in the posterior petals with entire or emarginated crest, villous. Nectary lobes 4, the posterior ones ovate, obtuse at apex, slightly larger, the anterior orbicular in outline. Androgynophore pilose. Staminate flowers with stamens 2.5–3.5 mm long, filaments glabrous or with sparse hairs at base, anthers with dark-brown connective gland; pistillode ca. 0.5 mm long, with scattered glandular hairs. Pistillate flowers with staminodia 1.2–1.75 mm long, filaments puberulous at the base, anthers indehiscent; gynoecium 2.6–3.5 mm long, ovary trigonous, obovoid in outline, with bent glandular hairs, style straight, ca. 0.5 mm long equal to the stigma branches. Capsules chartaceous, septifragal, trigonous-obovate, stipitate, apiculate, apterous, with inflated loculi, light brown, persistent style, 4–4.5 × 2.7–3 cm, including stipe 6–12 mm long; epicarp and endocarp glabrous, with developed double septal walls. Seeds subspherical or spherical, brown, 10.7–12.7 × 11.6–12.7 mm diam., dry aril cordiform, whitish, ca. 8.2 × 4.8 mm, attached just below the middle of the locules. Embryo with a curved outer cotyledon and a biplicate inner one.

Distribution, habitat, and phenology: —Only known from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil ( Fig. 3 ), where it has been found in the hygrophilous forest and in the caatinga at elevations of 249– 904 m. Collected with flowers and ripe fruits in February.

Preliminary Conservation Status: — Serjania urvilleoides is known from three localities, of the municipalities of São João d’ El Rei and Itaobim, in Minas Gerais state, where there are threats of deforestation for agricultural purposes. Following a cell size of two km, the extent of occurrence (EOO) was calculated to be 1,145.333 km 2, while the area of occupancy is estimated at 12 km 2. Therefore, based on the estimated AOO and the number of locations determined, following the IUCN criteria (2019) this species was listed as endangered B1a,b(iii) + B2a,b(ii)(iv).

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Itaobim , 20 November 1985, immature fr, G. Hatschbach & F. J. Zelma 49992 ( CTES, MBM, MO, US) ; Itaobim , caminho de terra ao sur da BR 37, a 5 km da BR 116, 253 msm, 16°34,212 41°27,507, 24 February 2008, fl, fr, J. D. Urdampilleta, M. S. Ferrucci & M. L. Las Peñas 425 ( CTES, SPF, UEC) .

Nomenclatural remarks: —Ferrucci (1993) designated as lectotype of Paullinia urvilleoides the specimen deposited in Herbarium G (Hb. Delessert), and also cited two isolectotypes, one deposited in Herbarium P and the other a photo in Herbarium F (5636 Hb. Eichler). The possibility of revising the collections in different American and European herbaria now allows us to add specimens deposited in BR, C, K, M, P, R, and US which complements the original work. However, with the recent opportunity to check the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle website, it was detect two isolectotypes bearing the printed label Herbier de A. Glaziou, that were donated to Herbarium P by Mrs Simard, her daughter in 1907. Only the specimens P02297037 and P02297038 have the collection locality.

Leaf Epidermis —Micromorphological characters of the epidermis show epidermal cells with cuticular striations on the adaxial surface, and on the abaxial surface stomata and epidermal cells with slightly striated cuticle, both epidermis are glabrous ( Fig. 4 ).

Pollen Morphology — The pollen grain, whose description was published in Ferrucci (1993), is here illustrated ( Fig. 5 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Serjania urvilleoides. A. Flowering branch. B. Vegetative branch. C. Stipules. D. Inflorescence. E. Immature fruits. F. Mitotic metaphase, 2 n = 24. Photos taken by J. D. Urdampilleta.

FIGURE 2. Serjania urvilleoides. A. Fruiting branch. B. Stipules. C. Pistillate flower. D. Posterior petal, internal face. E. Anterior petal, internal face. F. Stamen of the pistillate flower. G. Carpel wall. H. Septa with an attached seed. I. Seed. J. Longitudinal section of seed, showing embryo. (A, Hatschbach & Zelma 49992, CTES; B, G-J, Urdampilleta et al. 425, CTES; C, D-F, Glaziou 12508, lectotype, G).

FIGURE 3. Known distributions of Serjania urvilleoides with relation to elevation, and the extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) based on IUCN criteria (2019).

FIGURE 4. Serjania urvilleoides. Scanning electron micrographs of leaf epidermis. A. Adaxial surface, epidermal cells with cuticular striations. B. Abaxial surface, epidermal cells with slightly striated cuticle (A-B, Hatschbach & Zelma 49992, CTES).

FIGURE 5. Serjania urvilleoides. Scanning electron micrographs of the pollen grain.A. Proximal polar view. B. Detail of proximal polar view, showing the syncolpate aperture. C. Detail of distal polar view (A–C, Glaziou 12508, P 02297037).