Bradyporus (Callimenus) dilatatus ( Stål, 1875 ), Stal, 1875

Ünal, Mustafa, 2011, Taxonomic review of the subfamily Bradyporinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Bradyporini; Ephippigerini) of Turkey, with description of new species and the relationship of the taxa, Zootaxa 2899, pp. 1-42 : 14-17

Bradyporus (Callimenus) dilatatus ( Stål, 1875)

( Figs. 27–39 , 126–129, 156–157)

Callimenus dilatatus Stål: Stål, 1875 : 42. Typus: male (lectotypus) in NHRS. Type locality: Turkey, Amasya. Callimenus inflatus m.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882: 253.

Callimenus dilatatus Stål, 1875 : Krauss, 1896: 568.

Callimenus dilatatus Stål, 1875 : Werner, 1901: 285, partim.

Callimenus Dilatatus, Stål, 1876 : Jacobs. & Bianchi, 1903: 422, sensu Kirby, 1906: 176 Callimenus Dilatatus, Stål, 1876 : Kirby, 1906: 176.

Callimenus dilatatus Stål : Kuthy, 1907: 432.

Callimenus dilatatus Stål (1875) : Shugurov, 1907b: 271, 272, 273, partim. Derallimus dilatatus Stal, 1876 : Caudell, 1912: 21.

Callimenus dilatatus Stål, 1875 : Sjöstedt, 1933: 6, tab 3: fig 3, fig 4. Bradyporus dilatatus (Stål) : Uvarov, 1934: 70, 73.

Bradyporus dilatatus St. : Karabaġ, 1949: 41, 45, 55, 78, 87, partim. Bradyporus dilatatus (Stål) : Ramme, 1951: 382, partim.

Bradyporus dilatatus (Stål), 1876 : Karabaġ, 1958: 82, partim. Callimenus dilatatus (Stal), 1876 : Karabaġ et al., 1980: 10. Callimenus dilatatus Stal, 1876 : Heller, 1988: 161, partim. Callimenus dilatatus ( Stal, 1875) : Otte, 1997: 24.

Callimenus dilatatus Stal, 1876 : Ünal, 1999: 247.

Callimenus dilatatus Stal, 1876 : Ünal, 2006: 15, partim.

Previous records. Stål, 1875: Asia minor, male and female; Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882: Amasia in Kleinasien (Amasya, Turkey), 1 male, 1 female (types of C. inflatus ); Krauss, 1896: Angora (Ankara), 800–1000 m, April- July, 1895, 2 females, 1 male nymph (leg. K. Escherich); Werner, 1901: Amasia (Amasya) (leg. Korb), Angora (Ankara) (leg. Escherich); Kuthy, 1907: Asia Minore, Tshajan; Uvarov, 1934: Ankara (leg. Sureya Bey); Karabaġ, 1949: Ankara: Etimesut, Ayaş Oltan Köyü, Çubuk; Ramme, 1951: Kavaklı bei Ankara (leg. S. Tuncok); Karabaġ, 1958: Ankara, Çubuk, v, vi, vii.1939, 1940, 1941 (leg. T. Karabaġ); Karabaġ et al., 1980: Ankara, Beypazarı, Derven Çiftliġi, 19.6.1973, 3 females (leg. Karabaġ et al.); Heller, 1988: TR, Çorum, SW Çorum, Gafurlu, 29.7.1983, at least 1 male (leg. K.-G. Heller); Ünal, 1999: Ankara, Çubuk, 2.7.1995, 1 female (leg. E. Ün); Ünal, 2006: Kırıkkale, Delice-Baraklı, 600 m, 19.6.1996, 7 males.

Material examined. Amasya, Merzifon, Gümüşhacıköy yolu, 777 m, 2.7.2006, 2 males; Amasya, Akdaġ, 1200 m, 9.8.2005, 1 male; Amasya, Akdaġ, Ormanözü Köyü, 1250 m, 5.7.2006, 1 male, 2 females; Amasya, Merzifon, Yeşiltepe Köyü, 40°40’502’’N, 35°26’285’’ E, 1096 m, 3.7.2006, 1 female; Çorum, Meçhulasker Geçidi, 1215 m, 24.6.2003, 2 males; Eskişehir, Mihalıççık, Sündiken Daġı, Sorkun Köyü, 24.6.2007, 1 male; Ankara, Beypazarı, 6.7.2000, 1 male, 1 female (all leg. M. Ünal); Kırıkkale, Delice-Baraklı, 600 m, 19.6.1996, 7 males ( Ünal, 2006); Ankara, Çubuk, 2.7.1995, 1 female (leg. E. Ün) ( Ünal, 1999) (AÏBÜEM); Ankara, Beypazarı, Derven Çiftliġi, 19.6.1973, 2 females ( ABKM).

Interstage: Çorum, Mecitözü, Kırlar Daġı, Boyacı Köyü, 1190 m, 4.7.2006, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AÏBÜEM). This male nearer to this species rather than Bradyporus avanos sp. n.

Distribution. Anatolia ( Ramme, 1951); Turkey ( Karabaġ, 1958); Asia Minor ( Heller, 1988). In Turkey: Amasya, Çorum, Kırıkkale, Ankara, Eskişehir provinces ( Fig. 156 ).

Redescription. Male (topotype): Head large, wider than width of anterior part of pronotum, 1.3 times higher than wide. Eye slightly larger than antennal foramen. Lateral carinae of pronotum ( Figs. 27, 28 , 126, 127) distinct, sharp and raised; prozona strongly depressed, its anterior margin raised; metazona raised and swollen, with 3 distinct and long tubercular folds including median carina and 4 much smaller between them, but their clarity in other specimens variable; anterior margin of pronotum almost straight, posterior margin concave, with 5 small shallow incision placed end of each tubercular fold; prozona 1.4 times narrower than metazona in dorsal view, 1.3 times lower than metazona in lateral view; pronotum 1.5 times longer than its height; paranota broadly rounded posteriorly ( Figs. 27, 28 , 126, 127). Tegmina fully concealed under pronotum. Fore and mid femora unarmed, hind femur with 1–2 small ventral spines distally, but unarmed in some others. Hind legs clearly compressed. Prosternum with 2 asunder spines which not too long; mesosternal lobes large, plate-like, hind margin narrowly rounded; metasternal lobes smaller, with narrowly rounded hind margin. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 29 ) 1.2 times wider than long, with 2 distinct lateral carinae, without styli; posterior margin with a distinct, shallow, round incision between the end of lateral carinae in typical form, shallower in some specimens. Cercus ( Figs. 30, 31 ) large and broad, almost trapezoidal in dorsal view; apex mainly bidentate, with some irregular apical denticles; inner tooth large, blunt, slightly bidentate and recurved, but in some specimens distinctly bidentate; ventral view ( Fig. 31 ) longer, basal lobe large and high. Titillator ( Figs. 32, 33 ) with long, slender and strongly outcurved apical arms which pointed with a small, downcurved tooth; basal arms distinctly upcurved; bridge between left and right arms short; in lateral view ( Fig. 33 ) apical arm strongly curved towards the posterior.

Female: Head as in male. Pronotum ( Figs. 34, 35 , 128, 129) with less raised lateral carinae than that of male; prozona depressed shallowly; anterior edge of prozona and metazona raised; metazona shorter than prozona, with 4 distinct tubercular folds, inner 2 more distinct and longer; anterior margin of pronotum almost straight, posterior margin with a large median and 2 smaller and shallow incision placed end of tubercular folds, in some females posterior margin more rounded; in lateral view prozona distinctly higher than metazona; pronotum 1.7 times longer than its height ( Figs. 34, 35 , 128, 129). In some females only tips of tegmina visible in dorsal view, mostly concealed. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 36 ) very broad, 1.4 times wider than long; posterior margin broadly rounded (but it must be considered that its margins curldown in dry specimens); basal pits large and slightly transversal. Cercus ( Fig. 37 ) elongated, slightly narrowed to middle, distal part narrowed, pointed with an incurved small apical tooth, 1.8 times longer than wide; basal lobe large and high. Ovipositor ( Figs. 38 , 128, 129) short, 1.5 times shorter than hind femur; ventral valve with a row of sharp and irregular apical teeth; upper and ventral valves distinctly pointed and diverged at apex, (but in old females apex of ovipositor and apical teeth are blunt after the laying); basal projecting of ventral valve ( Fig. 39 ) almost triangular, narrowed, pointed and slightly downcurved at apex.

Color: Green is predominant with many black spots, bands and stripes. Dorsal surface of head milky brown with 3 group of black spots which mostly fused each other; frons with 2 short stripes between antennal scapes; gena with small dark spots; fronto-clypeal sulcus with a thin transversal band; lower part of clypeus and labrum black, remaining part milky brown. Pronotum green; prozona brownish green or green, with black spots; lateral carinae with black stripe along its length; 2 tubercular folds in metazona with a thin longitudinal black stripe. All legs milky brown with very distinct black spots; inner side of hind femur orange, with small black spots apically. Tarsi milky brown, ventral surface blackened. Abdomen with 2 longitudinal, close, black bands consist of a row of trapezoidal short black stripes on each tergite, between these 2 bands with a thin light median band, in some specimens these 2 black bands fused and constitute a single wide median band; outer side of these black band with a distinct, wider green, light brown or milky brown band; outer side of this light band, each tergite with several black spots posteriorly, in some specimens these spots much larger and constitute another black band along abdomen; lower part of tergites in lateral view with several black spots. Last abdominal tergite fully black or with some light spots or rarely lateral sides fully light. Subgenital plate green, brownish green in both sexes. Ovipositor brownish green, its dorsal edge and apical margins of valves blackened.

Measurements (mm): Length of body: male 46.7–54.6, female 44.9–51; pronotum: male 18.4–21, female 14.1–15.8; hind femur: male 18.5–23, female 19–21.1; ovipositor: 11.7–14.8.

Diagnosis. This species is very close to Bradyporus avanos sp. n., B. sureyai sp. n. and B. conophallus sp. n. by the structure of pronotum, the subgenital plate in both sexes, somewhat male cercus and ovipositor. But it is clearly separated from them by the distinct titillator. The other differences are: the less inflated metazona of male pronotum, slightly larger and different shape of male cercus, somewhat the shape of female cercus and subgenital plate. This species is in the B. dilatatus sp. group. This group separated from the others by the distinctly inflated metazona in male and typical color pattern of the body.

Remarks. According to the original labels of the type specimens preserved in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm (NHRS) the full data is: Turkey, Amasia (Amasya), 1 male, 1 female (leg. Staudinger) (NHRS).

The main difference of this species from Bradyporus avanos sp. n. is the male titillator. Therefore the following previous records should be confirmed using this character: The records given by Karabaġ (1949, 1958) from Etimesut, Ayaş and Çubuk; by Ramme (1951) from Kavaklı; by Heller (1988) from Çorum, Gafurlu; by Ünal (1999) one female record from Çubuk ( Ünal, 1999). Some of these records may belong to the next species.

The records of Bradyporus dilatatus Stål, 1875 from Azerbaijan, ( Tarbinsky, 1940: 17) and from Armenia ( Avakyan, 1981: 33) are doubtful. I think those records based on a misidentification and should be confirmed (see also Remarks of B. latipes ).

The typical form of this species was collected from its type locality, Amasya, and compared with the other members of the B. dilatatus sp. group. Actually it is not easy to separate all these species —somewhat except Bradyporus conophallus sp. n. — especially using female. Only the titillator separates them easily. In all populations of each species the shape of titillator is quite stable and reliable character. In the previous papers, all the Central Anatolian specimens were identified as this species (see the synonymy and the previous records sections).

Figures

FIGURE 156. Distribution of Bradyporinae species in Turkey.

FIGURES 27 – 39. Bradyporus (Callimenus) dilatatus: 27, male pronotum; 28, ditto lateral view; 29, male subgenital plate; 30, male cercus dorsal view; 31, ditto ventral view; 32, titillator anterior view; 33, ditto lateral view; 34, female pronotum; 35, ditto lateral view; 36, female subgenital plate; 37, female cercus; 38, ovipositor; 39, basal projecting of ventral valve of ovipositor. Scales of pronotum, subgenital plate and ovipositor 5 mm, others 1 mm.