Bradyporus (Callimenus) avanos, Ünal, Mustafa, 2011

Ünal, Mustafa, 2011, Taxonomic review of the subfamily Bradyporinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Bradyporini; Ephippigerini) of Turkey, with description of new species and the relationship of the taxa, Zootaxa 2899, pp. 1-42 : 17-19

Bradyporus (Callimenus) avanos sp. n.

( Figs. 40–52 , 130–133 , 156–157 )

Callimenus dilatatus Stål, 1875 : Werner, 1901: 285, partim. Callimenus dilatatus Stål. : Werner, 1905: 2.

Bradyporus (Callimenus) dilatatus (Stål) : Uvarov, 1930: 352. Bradyporus dilatatus St. : Karabaġ, 1949: 55, partim.

Bradyporus dilatatus (Stål) : Ramme, 1951: 382, partim.

Bradyporus dilatatus (Stål), 1876 : Karabaġ, 1958: 82, partim. Callimenus dilatatus (Stal) : Karabaġ et al., 1971: 81, partim. Callimenus dilatatus Stal, 1876 : Ünal, 2006: 15, partim.

Previous records. Werner, 1901: Between Ak-Chehir (Akşehir) and Konia (Konya) (leg. Bornmüller), Kaisarieh (Kayseri) (leg. Siehe), Kamaran (Karaman) (leg. Schaffer); Werner, 1905: von Konia bis Kaisarie, Indschesu (Ïncesu), Karabunar (Karapınar), Illany-Dagh (Yılanlı Daġ), male, female and 11 nymphs (leg. A. Penther); Uvarov, 1930: Elma-Dagh, Angora prov. (leg. M. Sureya Bey); Karabaġ, 1949: Ankara, Elmadaġı; Ramme, 1951: Ulukişla (Ulukışla, Niġde) (leg. W. Ramme); Polatly (Polatlı, Ankara) (leg. La Baume); Karabaġ, 1958: Ankara, Elmadaġı; Konya, 17.7.1949; Karabaġ et al., 1971: Ankara, Polatlı D.Ü.Ç., 11.6.1963, 1 male, 3.8.1964, 1 male; Konya, Ereġli, Besci yaylası, 4.6.1968, 1 male; Ünal, 2006: Kırıkkale, Kazmaca, 1000 m, 6.7.1995, 1 male; Kırıkkale, Sulakyurt, Yeşilyazı Köyü, 700 m, 7.7.1995, 1 male, 2 females, 24.6.1995, 1 female; Kırıkkale, Büyükavşar-Yaylayurt, 10.7.1996, 3 males.

Material examined. Niġde, Çamardı, Sulucaova Köyü, 1950 m, 13.7.2008, 4 males (including holotype); Kayseri, Develi, Ayvaşhacı Köyü, 1460–1520 m, 14.7.2008, 1 male, 1 female (allotype); Nevşehir, Ürgüp, Topuz Daġı Geçidi, 16.7.2008, 2 males; Karaman, Yeşildere-Ayrancı, 1150 m, 19.6.2002, 3 males; Konya, Çeltik, Eskişehir il sınırı, 840 m, 17.6.2002, 1 male; Eskişehir, Türkmen Daġı, Üçsaray Köyü, 21.7.2003, 2 males; Ankara, Elma Daġı, 39°53’715’’N, 33°13’876’’ E, 1300 m, 12.7.2002, 1 male; Kırşehir, 23 km N. of Kırşehir, Çoġun, 24.8.1997, 1 male (all leg. M. Ünal); Kırıkkale, Kazmaca, 1000 m, 6.7.1995, 1 male; Kırıkkale, Sulakyurt, Yeşilyazı Köyü, 700 m, 7.7.1995, 1 male, 2 females, 24.6.1995, 1 female; Kırıkkale, Büyükavşar-Yaylayurt, 10.7.1996, 3 males ( Ünal, 2006) (AÏBÜEM); Ankara, Etimesut (Etimesgut), 11.7.1964, 1 male; Ankara, Polatlı, D.Ü.Ç., 11.6.1962, 1 male; Ankara, Polatlı, 24.7.1956, 1 male, 2 females, 1 female nymph (leg. S. Balamir); Konya, Ereġli, Besci yaylası, 4.6.1968, 1 male; 1 male, 2 females (without labels) ( ABKM).

Interstage: Çorum, Oġuzlar, Kayıbeli, 1360 m, 7.7.2006, 1 male, 1 female; Çorum, Alaca, 1032 m, 6.7.2006, 1 male; Çorum, Mecitözü, Ïbek-Cevizli, 4.7.2006, 1 female; Tokat, Zile, Çekerek yolu, Palanlı Köyü, 1110 m, 4.7.2006, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AÏBÜEM). These specimens are nearer this species rather than Bradyporus dilatatus .

Distribution. Turkey: Niġde, Nevşehir, Kayseri, Karaman, Konya, Eskişehir, Ankara, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Çorum, Tokat ( Fig. 156 ).

Description. Male (holotype): Head large, narrow, 1.4 times higher than wide in typical form; clearly wider than anterior margin of pronotum;. Eye as large as antennal foramen. Lateral carinae of pronotum ( Figs. 40, 41 , 130, 131 ) distinct, sharp and raised; prozona depressed but not very deep; metazona raised and distinctly swollen, with 4 very distinct and large tubercular folds; anterior margin of pronotum almost straight, very slightly concave, posterior margin distinctly concave, with 5 small incision placed end of tubercular folds; prozona 1.7 times narrower than metazona in dorsal view, 1.4 times lower than metazona in lateral view; paranota broadly rounded and swollen; anterior edge and metazona raised in lateral view ( Figs. 40, 41 , 130, 131 ). Tegmina brachypterous, concealed under pronotum. Femora unarmed, in one specimen from Konya Province hind femur with 1–2 small ventral spines distally. Hind legs distinctly compressed. Prosternum with relatively short, triangular and distinctly asunder 2 spines; lobes of mesosternum large, plate-like, blunt, narrowly rounded at apex; metasternum smaller, collar-shaped but rounded at apex. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 42 ) 1.2 times wider than long, with short lateral carinae, without styli; posterior margin slightly concave between end of lateral carinae, but in some specimens this incision slightly deeper. Cercus ( Figs. 43, 44 ) long, narrow, almost trapezoidal; apex mainly bidentate, inner one much larger and seems pointed a tooth, outer one like a small tooth and one more smaller tooth between them, in other specimens apex with more irregular small teeth; inner arm large, mainly bidentate, basal one blunt and consist of 3 small denticles, apical one sharp, slightly recurved; ventral view very long; basal lobe near to middle, but in some specimens at base; basal lobe large and high ( Figs. 43, 44 ). Titilator ( Figs. 45, 46 ) very large, stout except distal part of apical arms; apical arm very long, its proximal part stout and distinctly diverged (in some specimens very strongly diverged), distal part slender and distinctly recurved inwards at apex, poited with a sharp tooth; basal arms very short and upcurved; bridge between left and right arms not too long; in lateral view ( Fig. 46 ) apical arm perpendicular.

Female: Head wider than that of male, 1.2 times higher than wide. Eye slightly larger than antennal foramen. Lateral carinae of pronotum ( Figs. 47, 48 , 132, 133 ) distinct, less raised than that of male; prozona with shallow depression; metazona raised, with very distinct 4 large and several indistinct tubercular folds; metazona shorter than prozona; anterior margin of pronotum almost straight, posterior margin slightly concave, with 3 small incision placed end of tubercular folds; in lateral view anterior edge of prozona and metazona raised; prozona higher than metazona; pronotum 1.5 times longer than its high ( Figs. 47, 48 , 132, 133 ). Only the tips of tegmina visible in dorsal view. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 49 ) large, broad, 1.4 times wider than long; posterior margin almost straight; basal pits large, rounded. Cercus ( Fig. 50 ) distinctly prolonged, 2.6 times longer than wide, almost cylindrical, apex blunt narrowly rounded, but with a large subapical inner tooth, which surpassing the cercal apex and slightly curved towards the posterior; basal lobe large and high; in some specimens (e.g. from Kırıkkale Province) cercus similar to that of B. dilatatus . Ovipositor ( Figs. 51 , 132, 133 ) very short, 1.8 times shorter than hind femur, ventral valve with a row of irregular teeth; upper and lower valves distinctly diverged at apex, in young females apex and teeth of ovipositor sharper; basal projecting of ventral valve ( Fig. 52 ) triangular, strongly pointed and slightly downcurved at apex.

Color: Body light and milky brown, green with black spots and stripes. Head milky brown, dorsal surface and gena with many small black spots; ventral half of clypeus brown. Pronotum green in male; anterior part of lateral carinae with a thin black stripe; pronotum slightly darker in female, greenish, dark milky brown; only anterior half of tubercular folds with a thin brown stripe; prozona with mostly fused dark spots and short stripes in lateral view. Femora milky brown with distinct dark brown spots; inner side of hind femur orange; tibia milky brown, with reddish brown spines; ventral surface of tarsi slightly blackened. Abdomen greenish brown in male, yellowish brown in female; 4 small tubercular folds of each tergite black on both sides, this case constitute 2 close longitudinal black band along abdomen, in female this band larger; hind margin of each tergite with black smaller tubercular folds laterally; last tergite with a large longitudinal black band in middle and with 2 large spots at hind margin, in female 2 more longitudinal black bands; apex and ventral surface of male cercus black. Subgenital plate greenish yellow, its hind margin with a thin black stripe, milky brown in female. Ovipositor milky brown, only its edges including apical teeth blackened. Sternites milky brown in male, greenish yellow in female.

Measurements (mm). Holotype (male): length of body 47.2; pronotum 18; hind femur 19.6. Paratypes: length of body: male 44.1–53.9, female 45.6–52.2; pronotum: male 15.2–19.7, female 14.5–15.9; hind femur: male 18.3– 21.3, female 21.3–23; ovipositor: 12–13.

Diagnosis. This species is most related to B. dilatatus by the coloration, the general shape of pronotum, the subgenital plate of both sexes, somewhat male cercus and pronotum. But first of all the shape of titillator, the details of pronotum and cercus in both sexes, the female subgenital plate in typical forms are different. Although some differences of typical forms of both species many characters are very similar. Because of the variations of characters in material collected from different localities it is not easy to separate them. But the titilators are very different and stable in both species. Therefore they are easily recognizable using titillator. It is clear that these 2 species are sister and distributions are also support their close relationships. This species very near to Bradyporus sureyai sp. n. by the many characters used here. But the shape of titillator is very distinct. The less inflated male pronotum, somewhat trapezoidal male cercus in dorsal view, the female cercus with a large subapical tooth are also different. It is also similar to Bradyporus conophallus sp. n. by the coloration, the general appearance of body, pronotum, cercus and ovipositor. But the shape of titillator, the less inflated male pronotum, the wider male subgenital plate, the larger and longer female subgenital plate are different.

Remarks. The records given by Werner (1901, 1905) from Konya, Kayseri, Karaman; by Uvarov (1930) from Elmadaġ; by Karabaġ (1949, 1958) from Elmadaġı and Konya; by Ramme (1951) from Ulukışla and Polatlı are possibly belong to this species rather than the others.

The coloration of the holotype and allotype is lighter than most of the other specimens. Paratypes are darker and their patterns more similar to B. dilatatus . It is impossible to separate both species as well as Bradyporus sureyai sp. n. and Bradyporus conophallus sp. n. using the coloration. Moreover these external similarities caused that all the previous specimens of these 4 species had been considered as B. dilatatus .

Etymology. The species name “ Avanos ” is a district of Nevşehir Province. When it is looked from Avanos to the South it can be seen the interesting and typical geographical shape of Uçhisar that is almost the same shape of the inner arm of the male cercus of this new species. Uçhisar is the highest point of the central part of Cappadocia. This new species is also found in this Region.

Figures

FIGURE 156. Distribution of Bradyporinae species in Turkey.

FIGURE 157. Diagram of the Geographical Network Relationship (GNR) for the taxa of Bradyporus s. l.

FIGURES 40 – 52. Bradyporus (Callimenus) avanos sp. n.: 40, male pronotum; 41, ditto lateral view; 42, male subgenital plate; 43, male cercus dorsal view; 44, ditto ventral view; 45, titillator anterior view; 46, ditto lateral view; 47, female pronotum; 48, ditto lateral view; 49, female subgenital plate; 50, female cercus; 51, ovipositor; 52, basal projecting of ventral valve of ovipositor. Scales of pronotum, subgenital plate and ovipositor 5 mm, others 1 mm.

FIGURES 130 – 133. Bradyporus (Callimenus) avanos sp. n.: 130, male lateral view (holotypus); 131, ditto dorsal view; 132, female lateral view; 133, ditto dorsal view. FIGURES 134 – 137. Bradyporus (Callimenus) sureyai sp. n.: 134, male lateral view (holotypus); 135, ditto dorsal view; 136, female lateral view; 137, ditto dorsal view. FIGURES 138 – 141. Bradyporus (Callimenus) conophallus sp. n.: 138, male lateral view (holotypus); 139, ditto dorsal view; 140, female lateral view; 141, ditto dorsal view. Scales 10 mm.