Clinterocera jucunda (Westwood, 1873)

Xu, Hao, Qiu, Jian-Yue & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2018, Taxonomy and natural history of the myrmecophilous genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from China and adjacent regions: revision of the C. jucunda species group, Zootaxa 4531 (3), pp. 301-352 : 306-307

Key to species of the Clinterocera jucunda species group

Prerequisite for the use of the key is to ensure cleanliness of specimen surface. Adults of Clinterocera usually walk on ground and specimens are usually greasy and worn, that makes the tomentous pattern on dorsal surface indiscernible. Those worn specimens are difficult to identify correctly. The cleaning method for greasy individuals has been provided by Qiu & Xu (2016).

1 Head and pronotum red or orange......................................................................... 2

- Head and pronotum not red or orange...................................................................... 3

2 Scutellum black; elytron almost without tomentum, prediscal area and lateral declivity red, mediodiscal and postdiscal areas black; tarsi thick ( Fig. 39 )................................................. Clinterocera bicolor ( Nonfried, 1893)

- Scutellum orange-red; elytron orange-red with a small lateral tomentous marking and a black juxtascutellar marking; tarsi thin ( Fig. 130 )............................................................ Clinterocera ishikawai ( Kurosawa, 1973)

3 Pronotum with pronotal tomentous bands ( Figs. 122 , 141 )..................................................... 4

- Pronotum without tomentous bands, disc evenly covered with tomentum or tomentum absent......................... 5

4 Elytra without lateral tomentous band, posthumeral and lateral tomentous spots present ( Figs. 96 , 122 , 141 , 167, 171 ). Taiwan.................................................................... Clinterocera nigra ( Kano, 1931) (in part)

- Elytra with lateral tomentous bands, posthumeral and lateral tomentous spots absent. Sulawesi ............................................................................................... Clinterocera heinrichi ( Krikken, 2016)

5 Juxtascutellar area of elytra without black marking ( Figs. 104 , 132 , 146 )................ Clinterocera raui ( Paulian, 1961)

- Juxtascutellar area of elytra with a black marking or totally black................................................ 6

6 Elytra without lateral tomentous band ( Figs. 169–170 ). Taiwan................. Clinterocera nigra ( Kano, 1931) (in part)

- Elytra with lateral tomentous bands (or lateral and distal declivity clad with tomentum). From the Asian continent and Hainan .................................................................................................... 7

7 Body completely black ( Figs. 120, 128 , 155–156 , 165, 176–178 )................................................ 8

- Body not completely black............................................................................. 10

8 Head and pronotum with sparse tomentum ( Figs. 120 , 140 , 165 )...... Clinterocera krikkeni Xu & Qiu , new species (in part)

- Head and elytral disc covered with tomentum ( Figs. 98 , 128 , 155–156 , 176–178 )................................... 9

9 Punctures on pronotum and elytra larger, denser ( Figs. 22–23 ); apex of parameres expanded ( Fig. 78 )............................................................................................ Clinterocera yunnana ( Moser, 1911)

- Punctures on pronotum and elytra smaller, sparser ( Figs. 8–9 ); apex of parameres narrowed ( Fig. 64 )................................................................................... Clinterocera davidis ( Fairmaire, 1878) (in part)

10 Lateral tomentous spots of elytra absent, or very small ( Figs. 139, 142–143 , 162–164 , 166, 173–175 ,)................. 11

- Elytra with distinct lateral tomentous spots ( Figs. 136–138, 147–154, 159–161 , 179 )............................... 14

11 Ventral surface and mentum heavily tomentous ( Fig. 125 ).................. Clinterocera velutina Xu & Qiu , new species

- Ventral surface with sparse tomentum; mentum without tomentum.............................................. 12

12 Punctures on elytra short ( Fig. 21 ); male tarsi thick ( Fig. 35 )............ Clinterocera vietnamensis Xu & Qiu , new species

- Punctures on elytra long or short ( Figs. 13, 15 ); male tarsi thin ( Figs. 31–32 )..................................... 13

13 Elytra orange-red, with a black juxtascutellar marking ( Figs. 118 , 139 , 162–164 ).... Clinterocera jucunda ( Westwood, 1873)

- Elytra black, with a small red marking on postdiscal area ( Fig. 166 ).... Clinterocera krikkeni Xu & Qiu , new species (in part)

14 Lateral tomentous band on elytron not reached posthumeral emargination ( Figs. 136 , 148–149 )...................................................................................... Clinterocera brevifasciata Xu & Qiu , new species

- Lateral tomentous band on elytron reached posthumeral emargination ( Figs. 137–138, 147 ).......................... 15

15 Body usually less than 18 mm in length ( Fig. 134 ); punctures on elytra elliptic, smaller, sparser ( Fig. 27 ).................................................................................. Clinterocera sinensis Xu & Qiu , new species

- Body usually more than 18 mm in length ( Figs. 114, 116 ); punctures on elytra elongate, larger, denser ( Figs. 9, 11 )....... 16

16 Except pronotal margin, pronotum usually clad with tomentum; black juxtascutellar marking small, not connected to posthumeral emargination ( Figs. 114 , 150–154 )............................ Clinterocera davidis ( Fairmaire, 1878) (in part)

- Except pronotal margin, pronotum usually without tomentum; black juxtascutellar marking large, connected to posthumeral emargination, even occupied the entire prediscal area of elytra ( Figs. 116 , 159–161 )...................................................................................................... Clinterocera donckieri ( Bourgoin, 1924)

Figures

FIGURES 39–61. Metatibia and metatarsi of Clinterocera (male and female). 39. Clinterocera bicolor; 40–41, C. brevifasciata new species (holotype and paratype); 42–43, C. davidis. 44–45; C. donckieri; 46–47, C. jucunda; 48–49, C. krikkeni new species (holotype and paratype); 50–51, C. nigra; 52–53, C. velutina new species (holotype and paratype); 54– 55, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype and paratype); 56–57, C. yunnana; 58–59, C. raui; 60–61, C. sinensis new species (holotype and paratype).

FIGURES 112–135. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), dorsal and ventral view. 112–113, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 114–115, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 116–117, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 118–119, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 120–121, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 122–123, C. nigra (Taiwan); 124–125, C. velutina new species (holotype); 126–127, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 128–129, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 130–131, C. ishikawai (paratype); 132–133, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 134–135, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 136–147. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), oblique view. 136, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 137, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 138, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 139, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 140, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 141, C. nigra (Taiwan); 142, C. velutina new species (holotype); 143, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 144, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 145, C. ishikawai (Ryukyu, Japan, paratype); 146, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 147, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 84–97. Type specimens of Clinterocera. 84–85, Clinterocera bicolor, female holotype and labels (photograph by Joachim Willers); 86–88, C. davidis, male lectotype (greasy) and labels (photograph by Antoine Mantilleri); 89–90, C. donckieri, male holotype and labels (photograph by Max Barclay); 91–92, C. cervenkai, male holotype and labels; 93. C. jucunda, illustrations of a syntype from Westwood (1873); 94–95, Callynomes humeralis, male lectotype and labels; 96–97, C. nigra, male holotype and labels (photograph by Shuhei Nomura).

FIGURES 165–179. Habitus of Clinterocera (variation). 165–166, Clinterocera krikkeni new species (Guizhou, paratypes); 167–172, C. nigra (Taiwan, 169–171 photograph by Yi-Chia Qiu, greasy); 173–174, C. velutina new species (Hainan, China, allotype and paratype); 175, C. vietnamensis new species (Nha Trang, Vietnam, allotype); 176, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 177, C. yunnana (Guizhou, China); 179, C. yunnana (Hubei, China); 179, C. sinensis new species (Zhejiang, China, paratype).

FIGURES 98–111. FIGURES 98–106. Type specimens of Clinterocera. 98–100, Clinterocera yunnana, male syntype and labels (photograph by Jan Krikken); 101–103, C. ishikawai, female holotype (greasy) and labels (photograph by Shan-Shan Liu); 104–106, C. raui, female holotype and labels (photograph by Antoine Mantilleri). FIGURES 107–111. Female habitus of Clinterocera bicolor. Arrow indicates a patch of tomentum near the anteapical umbone of the left elytron.

FIGURES 148–164. Habitus of Clinterocera (variation). 148, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (Yunnan, China, paratype); 149, C. brevifasciata (Yunnan, China, allotype); 150, C. davidis (Guangxi, China); 151–152, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 153, C. davidis (Guangxi, China); 154–158, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 159–161, C. donckieri (Guangxi, China, slightly greasy); 162, C. jucunda (Hua Phan, Laos); 163, C. jucunda (Yunnan, China); 164, C. jucunda (Cao Bang, Vietnam).

FIGURES 6–27. Setiferous punctures on the pronotum and elytron of Clinterocera. 6–7, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 8–9, C. davidis; 10–11, C. donckieri; 12–13, C. jucunda; 14–15, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 16–17, C. nigra; 18–19, C. velutina new species (holotype); 20–21, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 22–23, C. yunnana; 24– 25, C. raui; 26–27, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 62–83. Male genitalia of Clinterocera (apical and lateral view). 62–63, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 64–65, C. davidis; 66–67, C. donckieri; 68–69, C. jucunda; 70–71, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 72–73, C. nigra; 74–75, C. velutina new species (holotype); 76–77, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 78–79, C. yunnana; 80–81, C. raui; 82–83, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 28–38. Protibia and protarsi of Clinterocera (male). 28, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 29, C. davidis; 30, C. donckieri; 31, C. jucunda; 32, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 33, C. nigra; 34, C. velutina new species (holotype); 35, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 36, C. yunnana; 37, C. raui; 38, C. sinensis new species (holotype).