Synanthedon auritincta

Liang, Jia-Yuan & Hsu, Yu-Feng, 2015, A review of clearwing moths in the tribe Synanthedonini, with descriptions of six new species from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Zootaxa 4044 (4), pp. 535-555 : 548-549

Synanthedon auritincta (Wileman & South 1918)

( Figs 10, 11 , 21 , 27 )

Canopia auritincta Wileman & South, 1918: 169.

Synanthedon auritincta ; Engelhardt 1925: 216; Arita 1992.

Material examined. 3 ♀, NANTOU: Renai, Guangtoushan, 1550 m, 06.XII.2012, reared from Quercus longinux , emg. 9.I.2013, HSUM 12L03M, J.Y. Liang Coll. (1 ♀, Gen. Prep. JYL-013, NTNU); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same locality, 1500 m, 2.II.2013, reared from Q. longinux , emg. 1−20.III.2013, HSUM 13B16M, J.Y. Liang Coll. ( NTNU); 1 ♂, HSINCHU: Jianshi, Lidongshan, 1600 m, 25.I.2013, reared from Q. longinux , emg. 20.II.2013, HSUM 13A05M, J.Y. Liang Coll. (Gen. Prep. JYL-012, NTNU); 1 ♀, Taoyuan, Fuxing, Sihleng, 1400 m, 21.II.2014, reared from Lithocarpus brevicaudata , emg. 19.III.2014, HSUM 14B25M, J.Y. Liang Coll. ( NTNU); 1 ♀, YILAN: Nanao, Lankanshan, 1300 m, 15.IV.2014, reared from L. kawakamii , emg. 9.V.2014, HSUM 14D117M, J.Y. Liang Coll. ( NTNU).

Redescription. Male ( Fig. 10 ). Antennae length 5.3−6.8mm (n=2); forewing length 8.0 − 9.2 mm (n=2); body length 8.9−10.4 mm (n=2). Head: antenna black with blue-violet sheen; frons white; labial palpus black, yellow ventrally; vertex black with purplish sheen; pericephalic scales yellow with a few black scales dorsally. Thorax: patagium black with violet sheen; tegula black, bronzed-blue sheen with a yellow dorsal line; mesothorax black with blue sheen; metathorax yellow; thorax laterally yellow with a few black scales. Legs: fore coxa yellow; hind tibia black, internally and at base of both pairs of spurs yellow; spurs yellow with black distally. Abdomen: black with blue sheen; tergite 2 with a narrow yellow stripe distally; tergite 4 with a broad yellow stripe; anal tuft dorsally black with bronzed-blue sheen, ventrally black. Forewing: basally black; costal margin dark brown to black; discal spot and veins within exterior transparent area dark brown to black; apical area dark brown; discal spot broad, slightly broadened medially; exterior transparent area large divided into fuve cells, level to M2 about 3X as broad as discal spot and 0.9X as broad as apical area; posterior transparent area reaching of discal spot; fringe dark brown. Hindwing: transparent; veins, discal spot and outer margin dark brown to black with bronzed sheen; discal spot small, cuneiform, reaching to vein M2; fringe dark brown, pale yellow anally.

Female ( Fig. 11 ). Antennae length 5.1−6.1mm (n=7); forewing length 7.8−8.5 mm (n=7); body length 8.2−10.0 mm (n=7). Forewing: exterior transparent area large divided into five cells, level to M2 about 2X as broad as discal spot and 0.5X as broad as apical area; other characters identical to those of male.

Genitalia. Male (Gen. Prep. JYL-12, NTNU, Fig. 21 ). Tegumen-uncus complex broad; scopula androconialis well-developed, about 1/ 2X length of tegumen-uncus complex; uncus with a small narrow wing ventrally; crista gnathi medialis broad, with distal margin divided in two narrow wings; crista gnathi lateralis consisting of a rather broad, subcordiform, distal part and a narrow, crescent-shaped, proximal part; valva elongated, trapeziform, slightly turned down ventro-caudally; crista sacculi well-developed, large, divided into two pocket-shaped parts; dorsal part larger and armed at distal margin with strong, short, slightly bifurcate distally setae; ventral part of crista sacculi narrow, without setae; saccus slightly broadened and flattened basally, somewhat shorter than vinculum; phallus relatively narrow, about 0.8X as short as valva, slightly broadened subdistally, with a small, strong tooth ventro-distally and with a few minute teeth distally; vesica with numerous minute cornuti.

Female (Gen. Prep. JYL-13, NTNU, Fig. 27 ). Eighth sclerite relatively large and broad with a few setae at distal margin; posterior apophysis long, about 1.8X as long as anterior apophysis; antrum well-sclerotized, large, broad, funnel-shaped, with a deep oval cut ventrally; ductus bursae narrow, long, membranous; corpus bursae membranous, ovoid, without signum.

Diagnosis. S. auritincta is similar to S. tenuis (Butler 1878) of Japan and S. phoenix , n. sp. in markings of body, but may be distinguished from these species using the following characters: Metathorax is yellow in S. auritincta , but black in S. tenuis . Posterior yellow band on abdomen (Abdominal segment 4) is broad in S. auritincta , but narrow in S. phoenix . Crista sacculi of S. auritincta is prominent and divided, whereas those of S. tenuis and S. phoenix are small and simple.

Biology. The larva bores into the stems or trunks of 1.5−4 cm in diameter of Quercus and Lithocarpus (Fagaceae) and feeds on callus tissue around the entrance hole, which covered with silk, debris, and frass.

Distribution. Known only from Taiwan.

Remarks. The type material of this species was not figured in the original description, but the specimens present in this article appear to be well conformed to the original description of this species.

Figures

FIGURES 8 − 15. Synanthedonini, bar = 10 mm. Figs 8 − 9. Kantipuria glansvorax sp. nov. 8; ♂, holotype, TAIWAN: CHIAYI (NHM). 9; ♀, paratype, TAIWAN: CHIAYI (NTNU). Figs 10 − 11. Synanthedon auritincta. 10; ♂, TAIWAN: HSINCHU (NTNU). 11; ♀, TAIWAN: NANTOU (NTNU). Figs 12 − 13. Synanthedon ceraunus sp. nov. 12; ♂, holotype, TAIWAN: TAICHUNG (NHM). 13; ♀, paratype, TAIWAN: TAICHUNG (NTNU). Figs 14 − 15. Synanthedon phoenix sp. nov. 14; ♂, holotype, TAIWAN: HSINCHU (NHM). 15; ♀, paratype, TAIWAN: HSINCHU (NTNU).

FIGURES 20 − 21. Male genitalia of Synanthedonini in Taiwan. Fig. 20. Kantipuria glansvorax sp. nov. paratype (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: distal part of phallus, bar = 0.1 mm. Fig. 21. Synanthedon auritincta (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: distal part of phallus, bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 27 − 29. Female genitalia of Synanthedonini in Taiwan. Fig. 27. Synanthedon auritincta (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm. 28. Synanthedon ceraunus sp. nov. paratype (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm. 29. Synanthedon phoenix sp. nov. paratype (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm.