Canarium galokense Daly, Raharim. & Federman, 2015

Daly, Douglas C., Raharimampionona, Jeannie & Federman, Sarah, 2015, A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar, Adansonia 37 (2), pp. 277-345 : 308-310

Canarium galokense Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov.

( Figs 1; 14 ).

Small to medium-sized trees, leaves 3-5-jugate; distinguished from C. betamponae Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov. and C. globosum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov. by the stipules closer to the petiole base (7-10 vs 11-30 mm in the other two), the much longer stipular scar (2-6 vs 1-2 mm long), the fruit broadly oblong to broadly ovoid (vs globose to ovoid), and the fruit surface lenticellate (vs smooth and usually glossy).

TYPUS. — Madagascar. Antsiranana, Diana, Ambilobe, Anaborano , Galoko Mountains , 300-400 m, 10.II.2006 (m fl), D. C. Daly, J. Raharimampionona & R. Ranaivojaona 13100 (holo-, NY!; iso-, MO!, P!, TEF!) .

PARATYPI. — Madagascar. Antsiranana, Diana, Ambilobe, Anaborano , Galoko Mountains , 300-400 m, 13°35’19”S, 48°42’33”E 10. II.2006, D. C. Daly, J. Raharimampionona & R. Ranaivojaona 13101 ( NY, TEF) , 700 m, 13°38’31”S, 48°40’25”E, 25.XI.2006, M. Callmander, J. Vasaha & Malaza 600 (G, MO, P, TAN) .

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — To date, Canarium galokense , sp. nov. is known only from the Sambirano region in the Galoko mountains, in forest on steep slopes with rock outcrops and relatively closed canopy to 25 m, at 300-700 m elevation. Known to flower in Feb. and fruit in Nov.

DESCRIPTION

Trees, reproductive size 10-25 m × 10-26 cm diam. Outer bark (Daly et al. 13100) relatively smooth, with some raised lenticels, very finely & shallowly fissured, inner bark orangish. Leaves 21-41 cm long, 3-5-jugate; petiole 3.7-7.7 cm long, petiole and rachis with scattered to sparse thick erect golden hairs to 0.1 mm long and capitate glands; stipules inserted 3-10 mm from petiole insertion, 4.5-10 mm long, orbicular with constricted base, subcoriaceous, stipular scar 2-4 mm long; basal petiolules 9-15 mm long, other laterals 6-18 mm long, terminal one 16-31 mm long, pulvinuli inconspicuous; leaflet margin flat; leaflets thickly chartaceous, drying grayish brown, sometime slightly glossy; basal leaflets 5-10.3 × 2.3- 5.1 cm, (broadly) ovate, other laterals 8.3-13.8 × 2.8-6 cm, (oblong-)lanceolate to ovate, terminal one 8-14 × 2.8-6 cm, elliptic; leaflet apex gradually and usually narrowly acuminate, the acumen (2) 5-10 mm long, base of laterals symmetrical to slightly oblique, rounded to truncate; secondary vein framework brochidodromous, secondaries in 8-13 pairs, spreading to almost straight, insertion on midvein excurrent, spacing slightly decreasing toward the extremes, initial angle often subperpendicular, decreasing distally, perpendicular epimedial tertiary veins present, intercostal tertiaries alternate-percurrent and random-reticulate with some admedial branching, quaternaries regular-polygonal; on abaxial side all veins narrowly prominent, on adaxial side the midvein narrowly prominulous but sunk in a groove, the rest narrowly prominulous, both surfaces with a few scattered capitate glands along the midvein and rest of surface with scattered glands or glabrous. Staminate inflorescences to 20 cm long with secondary axes to 2.7 cm long, the axes with dense to sparse flexuous darkly ferrugineous hairs to 0.25 mm long and capitate glands; bracts on secondary axes 1.5-3 mm long, subulate. Staminate buds 5.7-6 mm long; calyx 2-2.1 × 4 mm overall, taller than ovariodisk, lobes 0.5-0.7 mm long, rounded depressed-deltate, abaxial surface with dense glands and dense flexuous hairs to 0.1 mm long; petals 5-5.1 × 2.1 mm, exposed part longer than calyx, obovate, abaxial surface with dense, flexuous hairs to 0.2 mm; stamens inserted at base of ovariodisk, 3.9-4 mm long with anthers 1.4-1.6 mm long, narrowly ovate in dorsiventral view, lanceolate in lateral view; ovariodisk 1.6-1.8 × 0.8-1 mm, ovoid, apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers unknown. Infructescences to 12 cm long with secondary axes to 7 cm long, fruiting pedicel 4-5 mm long, cylindrical; fruits 3.5-4 × 2.5-3 cm, broadly oblong or broadly ovoid, apex truncate, base obtuse, the surface with fine, slightly raised lenticels; pyrene trigonous but the apex obtuse.

NOTES

Canarium galokense , sp. nov. belongs to a group of species including C. betamponae , sp. nov., C, globosum , sp. nov. and C. subsidarium , sp. nov. that all have 3-5-jugate leaves, usually small and oblong leaflets, and similarly sized fruits. They are compared in Table 1 under C. betamponae , sp. nov. Moreover, C. galokense , sp. nov. is distinguished from all three by its much longer stipular scar (2-6 vs 1-2 mm long), inflorescence hairs dark-ferrugineous, the fruit broadly oblong to broadly ovoid (vs globose to ovoid), and the fruit surface lenticellate (vs glabrous and usually glossy). It is further distinguished from C. betamponae , sp. nov. and C. globosum , sp. nov. by the stipules closer to petiole insertion (7-10 vs 11-30 mm in the latter two).

Figures

FIG. 14. — Canarium galokense Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.: A, flowering branchlet with detail of petiole base and stipular scars (A’); B, portion of inflorescence with pendent bud; C, staminate flower; D, stamens and ovariodisk; E, ventral and dorsal views of stamen; F, two petiole bases with stipules; G, portion of infructescence with pyrene (G’); A-E, Daly et al. 13100 (NY); F-G, Callmander et al. 600 (NY). Scale bars: A, G, G’, 2 cm; B, C, D, 2 mm; E, 1 mm; F, 5 mm; A’, not to scale.