Paratrachyini

Volkovitsh, Mark G. & Bílý, Svatopluk, 2015, Larvae of Australian Buprestidae (Coleoptera). Part 5. Genera Astraeus and Xyroscelis, with notes on larval characters of Australian polycestine taxa, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1), pp. 173-202 : 199

Tribe Paratrachyini

( Figs 25 , 42–43 , 52, 60 , 68 , 75 , 84, 92, 104–105, 113, 128–129)

Larval descriptions. Paratrachys hederae Saunders, 1873 ( BÍLÝ 1989).

Material examined. Paratrachys (Paratrachys) hederae Saunders,1873 : JAPAN: NAGASAKI: Mt. Kasagashirayama, 29.iii.1983, S. Ejima leg., 3 specimens, last instar ( NMPC); Mt. Kazagashira-san, 23.i.1988, Y. Ikezaki leg.; Ficus pumila L. ( Moraceae ), ex leaf mines; 4 specimens, different instars ( ZIN). Sponsor (Sponsor) gianassoi Novak, 2002 : OMAN: Dhofar, Červenka leg., ex Acacia sp. ( Fabaceae : Mimosoideae ), 2 mature specimens ( ZIN).

Diagnosis. Body of trachyoid type with mesothorax widest* ( Figs 25 , 42–43 ); epicranium of trachyoid type *, strongly sclerotised; epistome and mandibles poorly sclerotised ( Fig. 60 ); mandibular condyles open, 2 epistomal sensilla arranged linearly*; medial and lateral branches of palatine sclerite separated ( Fig. 68 ); apical cavity nearly completely reduced, sensory appendage and sensilla free* ( Fig. 52 ); latero-basal sclerite of maxillary cardo reduced (Fig. 84); labrum dorsally glabrous, prementum ventrally with microsetal areas ( Figs 68 , 75 ); maxillary stipes with two lobes – mala and additional internal lobe* (Fig. 92: A); prothoracic plates sclerotised, glabrous, surrounded by the areas of transverse asperities and microspinulae, which also covered meso- and metathorax* (Figs 104–105); prothoracic grooves poorly defined ( Figs 42–43 ); mesothoracic and abdominal spiracles bi- or uniloculate, without trabeculae ( Figs 128–129 ); leaf-miners*.

Note. The larvae of Australian species of Paratrachys are still unknown, so for diagnosis of Paratrachyini we used the only known larva of the tribe, i.e. that of the Palaearcto-Oriental P. hederae . The larva of Sponsor gianassoi is a wood borer of the buprestoid type that raises doubts about the affiliation of this genus to Paratrachyini .

Figures

Figs 20–27. Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, larval habitus (dorsal view). 20 – Astraeus (Depollus) aberrans van de Poll, 1886 (Australia); 21 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889 (Australia); 22 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839 (Australia); 23 – Xyroscelis sp. (Australia); 24 – Blepharum sainvali (Bílý, 2000) (New Caledonia); 25 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873 (Japan); 26 – Polycesta (Tularensia)?elata LeConte, 1858 (U.S.A.); 27 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002 (U.S.A.). Photo: M. G. Volkovitsh.

Figs 28–43. Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, thoracic and basal abdominal segments (dorsal and ventral views).28, 29 – Astraeus (Depollus) aberrans van de Poll, 1886; 30, 31 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889; 32, 33 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839; 34, 35 – Xyroscelis sp.; 36, 37 – Blepharum sainvali (Bílý, 2000); 38, 39 – Polycesta (Tularensia)?elata LeConte, 1858; 40, 41 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002; 42, 43 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873. Photo: M. G. Volkovitsh.

Figs 44–60.Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, hypostome, epistome (details), antennae, and mandibles. 44 – Astraeus (Depollus) aberrans van de Poll, 1886, tooth-like projection of hypostome (arrow); 45 – Xyroscelis sp., lateral projection of epistome (arrow). 46–52 – antennae: 46 – Prospheres aurantiopicta Laporte & Gory, 1837; 47 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889; 48 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839; 49 – Xyroscelis sp.; 50 – Strigoptera bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 51 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002; 52 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873. 53–60 – mandibles (left): 53 – Astraeus (D.) aberrans; 54 – A. (A.) prothoracicus; 55 – Xyroscelis crocata; 56 – Xyroscelis sp.; 57 – Prospheres aurantiopicta; 58 – Strigoptera bimaculata; 59 – Mastogenius texanus; 60 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae. Photo: M. G. Volkovitsh.

Figs 61–68. Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, labrum dorsally: 61 – Astraeus (Depollus) aberrans van de Poll, 1886; 62 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889; 63 – Strigoptera bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) (arrows show campaniform sensilla); 64 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839; 65 – Xyroscelis sp.; 66 – Prospheres aurantiopicta Laporte & Gory, 1837; 67 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002; 68 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873.

Figs 69–76. Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, labium ventrally: 69 – Prospheres aurantiopicta Laporte & Gory, 1837; 70 – Astraeus (D.) aberrans van de Poll, 1886; 71 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889; 72 – Strigoptera bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) (arrows show campaniform sensilla); 73 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839; 74 – Xyroscelis sp.; 75 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873; 76 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002. Photo: M. G. Volkovitsh.

Figs 114–129. Astraeini, Xyroscelidini, Prospherini, Polycestini, Haplostethini, and Paratrachyini, mesothoracic (114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128) and abdominal (115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129) spiracles: 114, 115 – Astraeus (Depollus) aberrans van de Poll, 1886; 116, 117 – A. (A.) prothoracicus van de Poll, 1889; 118, 119 – Xyroscelis crocata Gory & Laporte, 1839; 120, 121 – Xyroscelis sp.; 122, 123 – Prospheres aurantiopicta Laporte & Gory, 1837; 124, 125 – Strigoptera bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 126, 127 – Mastogenius texanus Bellamy, 2002; 128, 129 – Paratrachys (P.) hederae Saunders, 1873. Photo M. G. Volkovitsh.