Kapalana maia, Berents & Lowry, 2018

Berents, Penelope B. & Lowry, J. K., 2018, The New Crustacean Amphipod Genus Kapalana from Australian Waters (Senticaudata, Ischyroceridae, Ischyrocerinae, Cerapodini), Records of the Australian Museum 70 (4), pp. 391-421 : 403-407

Kapalana maia sp. nov.

Figs 9–11

Holotype, male, 10.0 mm, MV J70540 , 60 km east of North Point , Flinders Island, Bass Strait, (39°41'42"S 148°39'30"E), naturalist’s dredge, 115 m, 27 March 1979, G. C. B. Poore on HMAS Kimbla, BSS 32 . Paratypes, female, 12.5 mm, MV J70541 ; 2 males, 3 females, 2 juveniles, MV J13712 , same data as holotype . 1 male, 1 female, MV J11270 , 63 km east of North Point, Flinders Island, Bass Strait , (39°44'48"S 148°40'36"E), WHOI epibenthic sled, 124 m, 14 November 1981, R. S. Wilson, BSS 167 S ; 2 females, 2 juveniles, MV J1705 , 25 km south of Cape Otway, Bass Strait , (39°06'00"S 143°35'48"E), grab, sled and trawl, 95 m, M.F. Gomon, 31 January1981, BSS 118 .

Additional material examined. One female, MV J1706, 25 km south of Cape Otway, Bass Strait , (39°06'00"S 143°35'48"E), grab, sled and trawl, 95 m, M.F. Gomon, 31 January1981, BSS 118 ; 1 male, MV J11264 and 1 male, 2 females, 4 juveniles, MV J11257 , 75 km south-south east of Port Fairy, Bass Strait , (39°01'S 142°35'E), Smith-McIntyre grab/pipe dredge, 90 m, G.C.B. Poore, 9 October 1980, BSS 63 ; 1 female, MV J11258 , 46 km south west of Lakes Entrance, Bass Strait , (38°17'S 147°29'E), otter trawl, 29–31 m, M.F. Gomon and R . S. Wilson , 31 July 1983, BSS 211 T ; 1 female, MV J11260 , 52 km west north-west of Cape Farewell, King Island, Bass Strait , (39°25'S 143°23'E), Smith-McIntyre grab/pipe dredge, 103 m, G.C.B. Poore, 10 October 1980, BSS 80 ; 20 specimens, MV J11265 , 44 km NE of Cape Wickham, King Island, Bass Strait , (39°22'00"S 144°18'18"E), grab, sled and trawl, 60 m, R . S. Wilson , 23 November 1981, BSS 203 ; 1 female, MV J11267 , 80 km west south-west of Cape Otway, Bass Strait , (39°59'S 142°37'E), Smith-McIntyre grab/pipe dredge, 94 m, G.C.B. Poore, 9 October 1980, BSS 62 ; 1 male, MV J11291 , 79 km south south-east of Port Fairy, Bass Strait , (39°02'S 142°38'E), Smith-McIntyre grab/pipe dredge, 119m, G.C.B. Poore, 9 October 1980, BSS 64 ; 1 male, 2 females, MV J11292 , 15 km south of Cape Wellington, Wilsons Promontory, Bass Strait (39°03'12"S 146°39'30"E), 55 m, WHOI epibenthic sled, R. S. Wilson , 18 November 1981, BSS 179 S ; 1 male, MV J11519 , off Crib Point, Western Port , Victoria (38°20'56"S 145°13'20"E), Smith-McIntyre grab, 8 m, A.J. Gilmour, 29 March 1965, CPBS-N ; 6 specimens, MV J13710 , 60 km east of North Point, Flinders Island, Bass Strait , (39°41'42"S 148°39'30"E), naturalist's dredge, 115 m, G.C.B. Poore, 27 March 1979, BSS 32 ; 1 female, 200 m west of Kinghorne Point, Woodbridge , Tasmania, (43°10'00"S 147°17'00"E), pipe dredge, 27 m, R . S. Wilson , 17 April 1985, TAS 5 ; 1 female, MV J70505 , 30 km north of North Point, Flinders Island, Bass Strait , (39°26'18"S 144°18'18"E), grab, sled and trawl, 49 m, R . S. Wilson , 17 November 1981, BSS 173 ; 1 female, AM P.99055, south east of Lakes Entrance, Bass Strait , (38°08'50"S 148°35'00"E), sandy clay, 146 m, C. Phipps on Esso Gipps, 5–7 May 1969, Stn. 9 ; 3 males, AM P.99056, 65 km south of Cape Schanck, Bass Strait (39°08'18"S 144°43'54"E), coarse sand, 66 m, R . S. Wilson on RV Tangaroa , 23 November 1981, BSS 201; 2 males, 1 female, 1 juvenile, AM P.99057, 23 km east of Cape Rochon, Three Hummock Island, Bass Strait (40°22'12"S 145°17'00"E), sand, epibenthic sled, 40 m, M.F. Gomon and G.C.B. Poore on RV Sarda , 3 November 1980, BSS 112.

Type locality. 60 km east of North Point, Flinders Island, Bass Strait, (39°41'42"S 148°39'30"E).

Etymology. The species name is derived from the Greek maia , meaning “good mother”, in reference to the juveniles living in tubes which are attached to the female tube.

Description. Based on Holotype, male, 10.0 mm, MV J70540 . Head. Rostrum long, length 0.4 × head, evenly tapered, apically acute; lateral cephalic lobe with ventral corner rounded, subocular margin deeply recessed, reaching beyond eye, anteroventral corner rounded, ventral margin sloping. Antenna 1 very long, length 0.8 × body length; peduncle without scales; peduncular article 1 shorter than peduncular article 3, length 0.7 × peduncular article 3; peduncular article 2 with medial triangular projection; flagellum 10-articulate; article 1 long. Antenna 2 length equal to antenna 1; flagellum 9-articulate.

Epistome and upper lip fused, produced, broad base, apically acute.

Pereon. Pereonite 1 without lateral keel or sternal keel. Pereonite 2 with sternal keel. Pereonite 3 without sternal keel. Pereonite 5 length 1.3 × depth.

Gnathopod 1 coxa not fused to pereonite 1, length 2.2 × depth, without anteroventral lobe; basis, length 2.3 × depth; carpus broad, length 1.4 × depth with setose posterior lobe; propodus palm acute, robust setae absent. Gnathopod 2 carpochelate; coxa not fused to pereonite 2, length 1.5 × depth, without anteroventral lobe or cusp; basis short, broad, length 1.6 × breadth; carpus long, length 1.2 × breadth, broad, palm shallowly excavate, anterodistal tooth large, located near articulation with propodus, posterodistal tooth well defined, medium length, length 1.1 × width; propodus broad, curved, length 4 × width, without tooth on posterior margin, posterodistal corner smooth, with 1 tooth; dactylus length 0.4 × propodus.

Pereopod 3 coxa not fused to pereonite 3, with broad anteroventral lobe, length 1.8 × depth; basis, length 1.8 × breadth, evenly rounded, with simple setae along anterior margin, without denticles along anterior margin; ischium long, length 2.3 × breadth; merus length 1.1 × breadth, short, without ridges. Pereopod 4 coxa not fused to pereonite 4, length 2.4 × depth, with anterior lobe separated from an anteroventral lobe; basis, length 1.9 × breadth, with simple setal group midway along anterior margin; ischium long, length 2.5 × breadth; merus long, length 1.3 × breadth. Pereopod 5 coxa, length 1.3 × depth, without patches of small setae; merus with anterior lobe extending beyond anterior margin of carpus, posterior lobe with 3 plumose setae; propodus with 2 setae along posterior margin; dactylus short, uncinate with 2 accessory hooks. Pereopod 6 coxa with setal fringe ventrally, without patches of small setae near margins; basis without patch of small setae near anterior margin; merus length 2 × breadth; dactylus short, uncinate, with 2 accessory hooks. Pereopod 7 coxa without posterodorsal lobe, without patch of small setae; merus length 2.5 × breadth; dactylus short, uncinate, with 2 accessory hooks.

Pleon. Pleopods 1–3 biramous, decreasing in size anteroposteriorly. Pleopod 1 inner ramus 9-articulate; outer ramus 8-articulate, article 1 evenly swollen. Pleopod 2 inner ramus reduced, 1-articulate; outer ramus broad, 4-articulate. Pleopod 3 inner ramus reduced, 1-articulate; outer ramus broad, 1-articulate. Uropod 1 biramous; peduncle, length 1.5 × outer ramus; rami with distoventral fan of robust setae; outer ramus with lateral row of denticles, with 2 medial setae, lateral setae absent, with large apical robust seta and smaller slender setae; inner ramus, length 0.5 × outer ramus, with 6 medial, and 5 lateral setae, without large apical robust seta. Uropod 2 uniramous, peduncle, length 3 × breadth, 5.1 × length of ramus; ramus small with 7 denticles and 1 slender apical seta. Uropod 3 uniramous, peduncle length 1.8 × breadth; ramus with 2 curved hooks. Telson length 0.7 × breadth, weakly cleft (27 %), each lobe with 28–29 anteriorly directed hooks in 2 rows.

Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Based on paratype female 12.5 mm, MV J.70541. Antenna 1 flagellum 11-articulate. Ant enna 2 flagellum 10-articulate. Pereonite 2 without sternal keel. Gnathopod 1 carpus length 1.3 × depth with setose posterior lobe. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, basis, length 1.8 × breadth. Oostegites from gnathopod 2 to pereopod 5.

Tube. Encrusted with fine sediment; tubes of juveniles attached in a ring, circling the tube of adult female.

Remarks. Kapalana maia belongs to the species group with a subquadrate projection along the posterior margin of peduncular article 1 of antenna 1. It shares with K. durraween , K. michaelmas and K. wadei a lack of apical robust seta on the inner ramus of uropod 1. It shares with K. durraween and K. wadei an anterodistal projection on peduncular article 2, but in K. maia the projection is triangular and more pronounced. It has an evenly tapered rostrum similar to K. durraween . Kapalana maia has no lateral keel on pereonite 1 or sternal keel on pereonite 3 (both present in K. durraween ). The tubes of K. maia are encrusted with fine sediment (encrusted with sand grains and pieces of shell in K. durraween ).

Distribution. Australia. Victoria: Bass Strait; Wilsons Promontory. Tasmania: Bass Strait; King Island; Flinders Island; Woodbridge.

Figures

Figure 9. Kapalana maia sp. nov., holotype, male, 10.0 mm, MV J70540, Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia. Scales represent 0.1 mm.

Figure 10. Kapalana maia sp. nov., holotype, male, 10.0 mm, MV J70540; paratype, female, 12.5 mm, MV J70541; Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia. Scales represent 0.1 mm.

Figure 11. Kapalana maia sp. nov., paratype, female, 12.5 mm, MV J70541; Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia. Scales represent 0.1 mm.