Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight, 1923

SCHUH, RANDALL T., 2001, Revision Of New World Plagiognathus Fieber, With Comments On The Palearctic Fauna And The Description Of A New Genus (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (266), pp. 1-267 : 49-53

Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight Figures 6 , 15 , 21

Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight, 1923: 441 (n. sp.).

Plagiognathus nigritus Knight, 1923: 441 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY.

Plagiognathus intrusus Knight, 1926: 12 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the large, heavy body (fig. 6), moderately shaggy vestiture, entirely black antennae, and the labium relatively short and not attaining the middle trochanters. Pattern of coloration of obscurus type, with base of corium pale and all or most of cuneus usually pale (fig. 6); rarely entire dorsum dark. Most similar in appearance to flavoscutellatus , being large and heavy bodied, but labium somewhat shorter than in flavoscutellatus , never reaching to middle trochanters, scutellum never pale medially (although occasionally pale laterally), and femora always dark, rather than being pale with dark spots.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Elongate, heavy bodied, large; total length 3.87–4.68, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.89 –3.18, width across pronotum 1.16–1.43. COLOR­ ATION (fig. 6): Background coloration of dorsum castaneous; corium pale on basal one­third, the posterior margin of this area nearly straight and perpendicular to costal margin; costal vein usually pale, sometimes dark; cuneus usually entirely pale, although sometimes only anterior one­half pale, pale area usually with a distinct orange cast; corium narrowly pale adjacent to extreme base of membrane; rarely entire dorsum castaneous to nearly black; membrane fumose, veins pale; all antennal segments black (fig. 15) except for pale, narrow, apical annulus on segment 1; labium entirely castaneous; venter entirely castaneous, including metathoracic scent­gland evaporatory area; coxae and femora mostly castaneous, femora with a narrow pale apical area; tibiae pale, spines with dark bases; tibiae dark at articulation with femora. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum weakly granular, smooth, weakly shining. Face at and below level of antennal insertion more highly polished than remain­ der of body surface. Vestiture of dorsum composed of relatively long, golden, shining, simple setae with a somewhat shaggy appearance. STRUCTURE: Body appearing more or less parallel­sided, lateral corial margins nearly straight; frons weakly convex, clypeus barely visible from above; anteocular distance equal to diameter of antennal segment 1; head projecting below eye by 1.5 times diameter of antennal segment 1; labium not quite reaching middle trochanters. GENITALIA (fig. 21): Body of vesica only moderately stout, broadly curving, very broadly J­shaped, base of vesica falling well below level of secondary gonopore, posterior apical spine nearly straight and erect relative to body of vesica, anterior spine largely superposed over posterior, distinctly longer than it, and rather strongly angled near apex in lateral view; flange very narrow, not extending beyond strap, terminating slightly below base of secondary gonopore.

Female: Body shorter, broader, and much more strongly ovoid than in male (fig. 6). Scutellum sometimes pale laterally, leaving a dark, median, longitudinal stripe; hemelytra usually more extensively pale than in male, the posterior margin of the pale anterior portion of corium angled toward apex of clavus (fig. 6). Total length 3.80–4.53, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.65–3.33, width across pronotum 1.32–1.42.

HOSTS: Among specimens examined, documented breeding hosts appear to be Thalictrum spp. (Ranunculaceae) , a conclusion supported by the work of Wheeler et al. (1983). The records from Lathyrus (Fabaceae) and Rhododendron maximum (Erica­ ceae) may or may not represent breeding hosts.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from Newfoundland west to British Columbia and south to Colorado, Illinois, and West Virginia.

DISCUSSION: Under Knight’s conception of brevirostris , the species always had some pale areas on the hemelytra, and the cuneus was always entirely pale, usually orange. It appears, however, that although those attributes hold for most specimens, in some populations specimens may be almost entirely dark. The number of such specimens is limited, and Knight appears to have described them as new on at least two separate occasions.

Knight (1923) described the species brevirostris and nigritus on the same page, in that order. He noted that both could be distinguished from other Plagiognathus species by the short labium, which did not attain the hind margin of the middle coxae; Knight distinguished them from one another on the basis of coloration. As the name suggests, nigritus is mostly black, whereas brevirostris has the anterior portion of the corium pale and the cuneus entirely orange in most specimens. The holotype and only known specimen of nigritus , from Thompson, Connecticut, is deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. It is completely devoid of vestiture and is almost completely covered with glue or grease. As a consequence, characteristics in addition to the labium, important for distinguishing taxa, are not available. The labium is short, as in brevirostris . The vesica, which is protruding from the phallotheca of the holotype, clearly indicates that the specimen represents a Plagiognathus species and conforms with the structure seen in dissected specimens of brevirostris .

Knight (1926) described the species intrusus on the basis of four specimens from Cranberry Lake and McLean, localities in upstate New York. I have examined the holotype male and a female paratype of this nominal taxon which is within the size range of brevirostris . The labium is relatively short, reaching to the posterior margin of the prosternum. The vestiture of the dorsum is very similar to that of what can be construed as typical brevirostris , i.e., shaggy in appearance.

I have examined two additional dark specimens with a short labium from Ft. Collins, Colorado. The male genitalia are very similar, if not identical, to those of specimens from the northeastern United States that conform to Knight’s conception of brevirostris . On the basis of these observations, I am treating intrusus and nigritus as junior synonyms of brevirostris .

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA.— British Columbia : Smithers, July 5, 1924, E. R. Buckell, 13 (USNM). Manitoba: 30 mi N of Roblin, July 14, 1954, Brooks and Wallis, Lathyrus sp. (Fabaceae) , 13, 1♀ (CNC). 5 mi NE of Rt. 59 off of Rt 209, July 7, 1990, M. D. Schwartz, 13 (CNC). Newfoundland: Badger, July 31, 1980, L. A. Kelton, 213, 24♀ (CNC). Spruce Brook, 1♀ (USNM). Spruce Brook, August 8, 1912, 23, 3♀ (AMNH) ; 1♀ (CAS). Ontario: Marmora, July 10, 1952, J. R. Vockeroth, 43, 2♀ (CNC). Norwich, July 19, 1962, Kelton and Thorpe, 3♀ (CNC). Simcoe, July 20, 1915, H. G. Crawford, 13 (USNM). Sundridge, July 13, 1961, G. Brumpton, 13 (CNC). Quebec: Cap Rouge, July 10, 1953, O. Peck, 23 (CNC). Knowlton, July 9, 1927, G. S. Walley, 1♀ (CNC). Lac Megantic, August 3, 1961, G. Brumpton, 1♀ (CNC). Ladysmith, August 6, 1931, G. S. Walley, 1♀ (CNC). Laniel, July 10, 1963, L. A. Kelton, 13 (CNC). Magog, August 2, 1961, G. Brumpton, 13, 1♀ (CNC). Val David, Lac Paquin, April 30, 1999, M. D. Schwartz, 23, 1♀ (CNC). Kamouraska Co.: Parke Reserve , August 15, 1951, W. R. M. Mason, 13 (CNC). Parke Reserve , July 9, 1957 – July 21, 1957, G. E. Shewell, Rhododendron maximum (Ericaceae) , 83, 2♀ (CNC). Saskatchewan: Christopher Lake , July 13, 1959, A. and J. Brooks, 1♀ (CNC). USA.— Colorado: Larimer Co. : Fort Collins , August 13, 1898, 13 (USNM). Fort Collins , July 13, 1900, E. P. Van Duzee, 23 (CAS). Connecticut: Litchfield , July 22, 1920, P. Garman, paratype: 13 (USNM). Storrs , July 16, 1954, J. A. Slater, 13, 2♀ (AMNH). Thompson , July 11, 1905, H. L. Viereck, holotype male ( nigritus ) (USNM). Illinois: Boone Co. : Belvidere , June 27, 1955, J. A. Slater, 1♀ (AMNH). Lake Co. : Antioch , July 10, 1933, Mohr and Townsend , 13, 1♀ (USNM). Antioch , July 5, 1932, Frison et al., 23 (USNM). Maine: Hancock Co. : Mount Desert Island , July 28, 1926, 13 (AMNH). Washington Co.: Machias , July 22, 1909, paratypes: 23 (CAS, USNM). Michigan: Cheboygan Co. : Douglas Lake , July 12, 1927, H. B. Hungerford, 13, 1♀ (KU). Clare Co. : No specific locality, June 27, 1959, R. R. Dreisbach, 1♀ (USNM). Midland Co. : No specific locality, R. R. Dreisbach, 1♀ (USNM). Ontonogon Co. : No specific locality, June 28, 1955, R. B. Dreisbach, 13 (USNM). Washtenaw Co. : Fleming Creek , June 28, 1920, R. F. Hussey, paratype: 13 (USNM). New Hampshire: Coos Co. : Glen House , July 15, 1915, paratypes: 13, 1♀ (USNM). New Mexico: Otero Co. : 2 mi E of Cloudcroft, August 18, 1979, Schaffner , Delorme , McHugh , 1♀ (TAMU). 4 mi E of Cloudcroft, July 17, 1979 – August 18, 1979, Delorme , McHugh , Schaffner , 343, 60♀ (TAMU). New York: Orange Co. : Fort Montgomery , July 12, 1914, F. M. Schott, 13 (AMNH). Pine Island , September 8, 1910, 13 (AMNH). Tompkins Co. : Ithaca , July 1, 1920, H. H. Knight, holotype male (USNM). Ithaca , July 1, 1920, H. H. Knight, paratypes: 13, 2♀ (USNM). Ludlowville , Salmon Creek , July 8, 1979, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae) , 13, 3♀ (PDA). Ulster Co. : Cranberry Lake , July 31, 1920, C. J. Drake, holotype male ( intrusus ) (USNM). Pennsylvania: Bradford Co. : Troy , July 12, 1985, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae) , 4♀ (PDA). Schuykill Co. : 2 mi W of Tamaqua on Rt 208, July 18, 1985, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae) , 1♀ (PDA). Susquehanna Co. : 3.9 mi NE of Ararat on Rt 171, June 28, 1985, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Thalictrum polygamum (Ranunculaceae) , 33, 3♀ (PDA). Vermont: Windsor Co. : Norwich , July 8, 1908, 1♀ (CAS). West Virginia: Tucker Co. : Rt 32, Canaan Road at Blackwater River , June 26, 1977, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae) , 53, 7♀ (PDA) .

Plagiognathus brunneus (Provancher)

Figures 2 , 6 , 15 , 22 Lygus brunneus Provancher, 1872: 104 (n. sp.;

treated as syn. of Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler

by Kelton, 1968: 1073).

Plagiognathus fraternus Uhler, 1895: 51 (n. sp.; treated as syn. of Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler by Knight, 1941: 33). REVISED SYNONYMY.

Plagiognathus medicagus Arrand, 1958: 498 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY.

Plagiognathus fuscotibialis Knight 1964: 143 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY.

DIAGNOSIS: Pattern of coloration of obscurus type, base of corium pale and all or most of cuneus usually pale with a white cast (fig. 6: brunneus 2); less commonly entire dorsum dark (fig. 6: brunneus 1). Distinguished from obscurus by silvery, slightly woolly appearance of dorsal vestiture and pale anterior area of corium often not extending posteriorly along clavus in males as commonly seen in obscurus . Unequivocally distinguished from obscurus only by form of vesica, in brunneus body of vesica only moderately stout, broadly curving, and with base of vesica falling slightly below base of gonopore (fig. 22); in obscurus body of vesica much stouter and more strongly curved with base of vesica falling above level of base of gonopore (fig. 29). Furthermore, flange broad­ er—and broader over a greater length—in obscurus than in brunneus (see also Discussion below).

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Elongate ovoid, relatively stout­bodied, moderately large; total length 3.93–4.49, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.66–3.11, width across pronotum 1.22–1.29. COLORATION (fig. 6): Background coloration of dorsum blackish to castaneous, sometimes entirely so, more commonly with some pale areas, these being distinctly whitish; corium often pale on basal one­third, the posterior margin of this area usually jagged and more or less perpendicular to costal margin, although less commonly nearly straight and slanting posteriorly to form an acute angle with clavus; costal vein dark to weakly pale; cuneus usually pale on basal one­third to one­half, occasionally more narrowly; corium narrowly pale at extreme base of membrane; pronotum and scutellum apparently always entirely dark; posterior margin of vertex pale; membrane largely fumose, veins pale, membrane pale between posterior margin of small cell and posteromesal margin of cuneus; all antennal segments castaneous to black (fig. 15), segment 1 with a pale apical annulus, segments 3 and 4 sometimes appearing only weakly infuscate; labium entirely castaneous; venter entirely castaneous, including metathoracic scent­gland evaporatory area; coxae and trochanters largely pale in specimens with pale areas on dorsum, femora pale at least basally, moderately to heavily infuscate distally with some darker spots; tibiae with pale background coloration in lighter colored specimens, infuscate in specimens with completely dark dorsum; dorsal tibial spines with dark spots at bases; tibiae dark at articulation with femora. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum weakly granular, smooth, dull to very weakly shining. Face at and below level of antennal insertion more highly polished than remainder of body surface. Vestiture of dorsum composed of weakly woolly, shining, silvery setae. STRUCTURE: Elongate ovoid, relatively stout, lateral corial margins obviously convex; frons weakly convex, clypeus barely visible from above; anteocular distance 1.5 times diameter of antennal segment 1 (fig. 2A); head projecting below eye by diameter of antennal segment 1 (fig. 2A); labium reaching to at least apex of middle coxae or slightly beyond; metathoracic scentgland evaporatory area and spiracle as in figure 2B. Pretarsus as in figure 2C. GENITA­ LIA (fig. 22): Body of vesica moderately stout, broadly curving, very broadly Jshaped, base of vesica falling somewhat below level of secondary gonopore; posterior apical spine long, weakly curving, and erect relative to body of vesica, anterior spine partially superposed over posterior, slightly longer than it, and angled near apex in lateral view; flange moderately broad, curving, extending to near midpoint of secondary gonopore.

Female: Body slightly shorter, broader, and more strongly ovoid than in male; pale areas of hemelytra slightly more extensive than in male, posterior margin of pale anterior portion of corium often more strongly angled toward apex of clavus. Total length 4.01–4.28, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.81–3.06, width across pronotum 1.20– 1.32.

HOSTS: Known to occur on a variety of plant groups, but most frequently found breeding on the Fabaceae and Rosaceae .

DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed across northern North America, from Quebec and the Northwest Territory in the east to Alaska in the west, south to northern Arizona and New Mexico in the west and to Pennsylvania and West Virginia in the east.

DISCUSSION: The distributions of brunneus , and the very similar appearing obscurus , overlap broadly between approximately 43° and 50° north latitude and in some lower latitude areas, primarily in the montane West. It is in these areas of distributional overlap that the greatest difficulty will be encountered in providing accurate identifications. Where host information is available, this may be helpful.

Provancher (1872) described Lygus brunneus from Quebec. This taxon was synonymized with obscurus Uhler by Kelton (1968). Comparison of the male genitalia in brunneus and obscurus (as conceived in the present paper) indicates that the two names apply to different taxa. The vesicae are clearly distinct, with that of brunneus differing from obscurus by having a much narrower flange, not being so stout, and being less strongly curved, with the base not curving up to the height of the secondary gonopore (fig. 22). Contrary to Kelton, I am therefore treating brunneus as a valid taxon.

Knight (1941) synonymized Plagiognathus fraternus Uhler with obscurus . Comparison of the male genitalia of the lectotype of Lygus brunneus Provancher from ‘‘Quebec’’ (deposited in the Laval Museum, Quebec; see Kelton, 1968) with those fraternus specimens from Steamboat Springs, Colorado, on which Uhler based his original description indicates that the two taxa are synonymous. Further comparison of brunneus with topotypic paratypes of Plagiognathus medicagus Arrand ( 1958) indicates that these two taxa are the same. Thus, on the basis of priority, both fraternus and medicagus are junior synonyms of brunneus .

To ensure taxonomic stability among these difficult­to­distinguish taxa, I have designat­ ed one of Uhler’s specimens from the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., as the lectotype of fraternus . It bears the following labels:

‘‘Colo., 1341’’, ‘‘1341, USA: Colorado, Steamboat Springs , July, C. F. Baker coll.’’, ‘‘ Lectotype Plagiognathus fraternus Uhler , det R. T. Schuh’ ’

Knight (1964) described Plagiognathus fuscotibialis from Wyoming. He compared it only with Plagiognathus laricicola Knight. Comparison of Knight’s fuscotibialis holotype and paratypes with the specimens cited above as representing brunneus —as well as with a substantial amount of other material— indicates that these two nominal taxa are apparently the same. Contrary to the assertions of Arrand ( 1958) about the stability of the pattern of coloration in medicagus , it appears that some populations of this species (here named brunneus ) have very little in the way of pale areas on the dorsum, and that the tibiae may be dark, irrespective of the coloration of the dorsum. Although Knight record­ ed no hosts for fuscotibialis , I have examined large numbers of specimens from Wyoming collected on Lupinus , suggesting a possible host affinity with members of the Fabaceae , as is also evident in Arrand’s use of the name medicagus . On the basis of these arguments, I am treating fuscotibialis also as a junior synonym of brunneus (see also discussion under lineatus Van Duzee ).

I have examined specimens from Alaska and northern British Columbia that I have assigned to this species, even though they are not ‘‘typical’’ of most populations seen at lower latitudes; the main differences are that the pattern of pigmentation on the hemelytra is usually more diffuse, and none of the specimens is completely black, as is quite often seen in more southern populations. These specimens might also be assignable to lineatus , as I have seen ‘‘typical’’ lineatus specimens from Alaska and the Yukon. These two nominal taxa have vesicae that are very similar in form and they are therefore difficult to separate on that basis alone.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA.— Alberta: Little Smokey River , 6 mi S of Guy, August 4, 1965, J. and W. Ivie, 1♀ (AMNH). Nordegg, July 31, 1921, J. McDunnough, 1♀ (USNM). Wild Hay River at Hwy 40, August 29, 1975, D. D. Wilder, 13, 4♀ (CAS). British Columbia : 10 mi N of Kitimat, July 15, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 13, 1♀ (CNC). 159 km S of Dease Lake, Cassiar Hwy, July 22, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). 2 km S of Toad River, August 1, 1982, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). 7 mi S of Nelson, August 6, 1969, Oman, 23, 1♀ (OSU). Alaska Hwy, km 1204, July 30, 1982, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Bella Coola, July 17, 1978, G. G. E. Scudder, 13, 1♀ (UBC). Cache Creek, 450–500m, June 1, 1978, N. L. H. Krauss, 23 (AMNH). Cormier Creek, July 29, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Courtenay, Vancouver Island, 0–50m, June 1, 1978, N. L. H. Krauss, 13, 2♀ (AMNH). Cranbrook, 900–1000m, June 1, 1978, N. Krauss, 23 (AMNH). E Osoyoos, June 5, 1961, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Echo Lake, July 30, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Grand Forks, June 1, 1993, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Kinaskan Lake, July 22, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Kitimat, July 15, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Merritt, August 3, 1931, J. Nottingham, 2♀ (KU). Merritt, August 3, 1931, R. H. Beamer, 1♀ (KU). Mt. Cheam, August 16, 2000, D. J. M. Quiring, 13 (UBC). Oliver, May 16, 1956, N. H. Anderson, 13 (UBC). Prince George, 560–600m, July 1, 1974, N. L. H. Krauss, 2♀ (AMNH). Prophet River Prov. Campground, Alaska Hwy, DC 221, August 13, 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 1♀ (CAS). Rock Creek, July 8, 1957, J. Arrand, 13 (UBC). Rogers Pass, Selkirk Mts., July 1, 1908, J. C. Bradley, 13, 1♀ (CAS). Salmon River, Glenemma, July 15, 1949, H. B. Leech, 1♀ (CAS). Shuswap Lake, July 30, 1940, R. L. Usinger, 1♀ (UCB). Smithers, 450–500 m, June 22, 1978, N. L. H. Krauss, 23, 1♀ (AMNH). Spuzzum, June 21, 1962, E. Ball, Jr., 23, 1♀ (CAS). Manitoba: Deepdale Man., August 1, 1937, R. H. Beamer, 1♀ (KU). Northwest Territories: Aklavik, July 16, 1931, Bryant, 1♀ (CAS). Mackenzie, Hay River (town), August 8, 1965, J. and W. Ivie, 23, 5♀ (AMNH). Yellowknife, August 1, 1970, N. L. H. Krauss, 23 (USNM). Ontario: 15 mi NW of Ignace, July 25, 1965, J. and W. Ivie, 1♀ (AMNH). 2 mi N of Dryden, July 25, 1965, J. and W. Ivie, 13 (AMNH). Kearney, July 28, 1911, E. P. Van Duzee, 13 (CAS). Presque Isle Prov. Pk., August 14, 1991, M. D. Schwartz, Solidago sp. (Asteraceae) , 53, 8♀ (CNC). Quebec: Cascapedia R. Gaspe, 30 mi N of New Richmond, August 1, 1983, W. Middlekauff, 3♀ (CAS). La Trappe, August 30, 1934, J. Ouellet, 1♀ (TAMU). No specific locality, July 22, 1900, 13, 1♀ (CAS). Quinze Lake, August 18, 1907, W. J. Palmer, 13, 3♀ (CAS). Saskatchewan: Gorrick, July 26, 1956, J. C. Arrand, paratypes ( medicagus ): 33 (CNC). Yukon Territory: 10 km E of Dawson, July 16, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). 7 km E of Rancheria, August 5, 1981, C. S. Guppy, 13 (UBC). Carcross, July 29, 1982, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Haines Junction, July 19, 1981, C. S. Guppy, 13 (UBC). Kluane Lake, mile 1054 on Alaska Hwy, July 20, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Kluane Natl. Park, Slims River flats, July 21, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Kluane, July 4, 1979, S. C. Cannings, 13 (UBC). Pine Lake, km 1626 on Alaska Hwy, July 9, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). S Canol Road, km 218, Lapie Creek, July 19, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13 (UBC). Silver City, July 23, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 13, 1♀ (UBC). Strawberry Creek, August 6, 1981, C. S. Guppy, Tom Creek, August 4, 1981, C. S. Guppy, 13 (UBC). Watson Lake, July 29, 1979, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). USA.— Alaska: 14 mi S of Circle City, July 18, 1948, C. O. Esselbaugh, 23, 2♀ (USNM). 20 mi W of Chitina, July 11, 1948, R. I. Sail­ er, 33, 3♀ (USNM). 3 mi S of Tok, July 14, 1948, R. I. Sailer, 13 (USNM). Anchorage roadside, July 21, 1977, J. T. Mundahl, 13 (AMNH). Anchorage, August 3, 1958, Lindroth, 2♀ (USNM). Anchorage, August 8, 1954, R. G. Hunt, 1♀ (KU). Anchorage, Fish Creek Flats, July 16, 1948, F. S. Blanton, 143, 12♀ (USNM). Anchorage, July 16, 1948, F. S. Blanton, 53, 5♀ (USNM). Big Delta, July 16, 1948, R. I. Sailer, 33, 3♀ (USNM). Big Delta, July 17, 1954, R. Coleman, 13, 1♀ (USNM). Circle, July 18, 1948, R. I. Sailer, 13, 1♀ (USNM). Copper Center, July 23, 1948, F. S. Blanton, Aster or Achillea (Asteraceae) , 103, 10♀ (USNM). Fairbanks, July 25, 1948, C. O. Esselbaugh, 203, 20♀ (USNM). Fairbanks, July 4, 1948 – August 15, 1948, S. Lienk, 103, 12♀ (AMNH). Fairbanks, Univ. of Alaska campus, July 12, 1979, K. Sorensen, 13 (UCB). Fort Yukon, July 18, 1951, R. I. Sailer, 103, 11♀ (USNM). Fort Yukon, July 3, 1953, R. I. Sailer, 1♀ (USNM). Gardiner Creek Camp, Alaska Highway, DC­4253, August 5, 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 13 (CAS). Juneau, Univ. of Alaska, July 24, 1980, 1♀ (OSU). Kenai Peninsula, 1 mi S jct Hwy 4 and Homer Rd., June 30, 1957, F. W. Preston, 73, 4♀ (KU). Kenai Peninsula, 1 mi S jct Hwy 4 and Kenai Rd., June 30, 1957, G. W. Byers, 1♀ (KU). Knik Lake, NW of Wasilla, July 18, 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 1♀ (CAS). Matanuska, July 14, 1944, J. Chamberlain, 1♀ (USNM). Muncaster Creek, July 6, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 13, 1♀ (CNC). Olnes, on road to Livengood, July 11, 1949, S. Lienk, 33 (USNM). Palmer, August 1, 1948, R. I. Sail­ er, 63, 7♀ (USNM). Palmer, July 18, 1948, F. S. Blanton, Achillea sp. (Asteraceae) , 23, 8♀ (USNM). Salcha River, mile 1464 Alaska Hwy, June 17, 1957, M. Shauffter, 1♀ (KU). Seward Highway, 15 mi SE of Anchorage, 200 ft, July 3, 1957, G. W. Byers, 13 (KU). Taylor Highway, 83 mi N of Tetlin Junction, August 10, 1957, E. L. Kessel, 1♀ (CAS). Willow, July 18, 1948, F. S. Blanton, 3♀ (USNM). Yeltakaska Creek, July 6, 1983, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Arizona: Yavapai Co.: 2 mi NE of Sheeps Crossing, White Mountains, Greer Rec. Area, June 26, 1980, J. D. Pinto, 1♀ (UCR). California: Humboldt Co. : Dinsmores, June 16, 1940 – June 25, 1939, B. P. Bliven, 43, 15♀ (CAS). Laribee Valley, June 26, 1938, B. P. Bliven, 23 (CAS). Colorado: Arapahoe Co.: Cherry Creek State Park, July 8, 1977, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). Boulder Co.: Boul­ der, August 1, 1997, J. C. Schaffner, 1♀ (TAMU). Mt. Flagstaff, 2280 m, June 20, 1988, Peigler, Weissmann, Physocarpus monogynus (Rosaceae) , 13 (TAMU). S of St. Vrain Can., August 16, 1973, G. F. Knowlton and W. J. Hanson, 13, 1♀ (USU). Costilla Co.: Fort Garland, Ute Creek Ranch, August 11, 1925, H. H. Knight, 13, 5♀ (USNM). Douglas Co.: Chatfield State Park, July 12, 1979, J. T. Polhemus, 1♀ (JTP). Waterton, July 2, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). Waterton, June 25, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). Eagle Co.: near Minturn, Hornsilver Campground, August 23, 1984, D. A. Polhemus, Potentilla sp. (Rosaceae) , 13, 2♀ (JTP). Vail, June 23, 1986, J. T. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). Gilpin Co.: Pinecliffe, August 12, 1973, J. C. Schaffner, 1♀ (TAMU). Gunnison Co.: 2 mi N of Gothic, 9300 ft, August 13, 1987, T. J. Henry, 13 (USNM). 8 mi SW of McClure Pass, August 8, 1975, J. C. Schaffner, 13, 1♀ (TAMU). Gothic, August 2, 1962, Jon Shephard, 1♀ (OSU). Jackson Co.: 1 mi E of Gould, August 11, 1969 – August 14, 1969, J. C. Schaffner, 153, 16♀ (TAMU). 2 mi E of Gould, August 5, 1975, J. C. Schaffner, Potentilla sp. (Rosaceae) , 173, 26♀ (TAMU). 2 mi S of Gould, August 13, 1968, Oman, 1♀ (OSU). 4 mi N of Gould, August 5, 1975, J. C. Schaffner, Artemesia cana (Asteraceae) , 13, 1♀ (TAMU). Columbine Lodge, August 16, 1966, G. F. Knowlton, 4♀ (USU). Lindland, August 11, 1965, G. F. Knowlton, 2♀ (USU). Rabbit Ears Pass, 9500 ft, August 14, 1966 – August 17, 1966, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 7♀ (USU). Rabbit Ears Pass, August 11, 1965, G. F. Knowlton, 33, 4♀ (USU). Rabbit Ears Pass, August 3, 1947, R. H. Beamer, 33, 1♀ (KU). Jefferson Co.: Evergreen, June 27, 1988, Peigler, Weissmann, 23 (TAMU). Indian Hills, 7000 ft, July 11, 1986, R. T. Schuh and J. T. Polhemus, Geranium viscosissimum (Geraniaceae) , 43 (AMNH). Indian Hills, 7300 ft, August 6, 1987, T. J. Henry, 33, 4♀ (USNM). Upper Beaver Br. Gulch, August 12, 1981, D. A. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). La Plata Co.: 5 mi W of Durango, August 15, 1973, J. C. Schaffner, 13 (TAMU). Larimer Co.: 3 mi S of Estes Park, August 2, 1997 – August 4, 1997, J. C. Schaffner, Scrophularia sp. (Scrophulariaceae) , 183, 64♀ (TAMU). 40 mi W of Fort Collins, Bennett Creek Picnic Grd., Pingree Park Rd., 7400 ft, July 14, 1986, R. T. Schuh and J. T. Polhemus, 23, 2♀ (AMNH). Cameron Pass, August 10, 1964, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Estes Park, August 8, 1974, M. and T. M. Favreau, 2♀ (AMNH). Estes Park, July 10, 1964, H. H. Knight, 83, 3♀ (USNM). Glen Haven, July 19, 1946 – July 22, 1946, P. B. Lawson, 43, 3♀ (KU). Pingree Park, August 15, 1924, Drake and Hottes, 43, 3♀ (USNM). Pingree Park, August 16, 1930, T. A. Brindley, 43, 2♀ (TAMU). Pingree Park, August 20, 1935, G. F. Knowlton, 23, 1♀ (USU). Pingree Park, August 21, 1923, R. L. Webster, 73, 4♀ (USNM). Rocky Mountain National Park, August 17, 1973, G. F. Knowlton and W. J. Hanson, 13, 1♀ (USU). Rocky Mountain National Park, Moraine Valley, 8000 ft, July 8, 1966, J. and S. Slater, 1♀ (AMNH). Rio Grande Co.: 10 mi SW of Baxterville, August 20, 1969, H. R. Burke, 1♀ (TAMU). Routt Co.: Milner, August 11, 1965, G. F. Knowlton, 33 (USU). Steamboat Springs [Baker collection numbers 1029, 1229, 1387, 1581, 2030], C. F. Baker, 33, 2♀ (USNM). Steamboat Springs, 6700 ft, July 12, 1964, H. H. Knight, 133, 12♀ (USNM). Steamboat Springs, July 15, 1942, 43, 2♀ (KU). Connecticut: Storrs, July 4, 1969, M. Sweet, Chrysanthemum leucanthe­ mum ( Asteraceae ), 1♀ (TAMU). Storrs, July 7, 1956, R. M. Baranowski, 1♀ (AMNH). Idaho: Benewah Co.: 3.5 mi SE of Emida on Palouse Divide Road, July 9, 1979, G. Stonedahl, Agastache urticifolia (Lamiaceae) , 113, 5♀ (AMNH). vicinity of Emida, St. Joe Natl. Forest, T43N R52W, 3000 ft, August 5, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, 23, 8♀ (AMNH). Franklin Co.: Cub River Canyon, June 5, 1966, G. F. Knowlton, 33, 1♀ (USU). Cub River Canyon, Thomas Spring, June 29, 1979, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 1♀ (USU). Cub River Canyon, Willow Flat, July 25, 1980, Hanson and Knowlton, 23, 1♀ (USU). Dayton, 4747 ft, July 18, 1931, R. E. Miller, 13 (USNM). Strawberry Canyon, 0.5 mi N of mp 18 on Rt 36, T13S R41E Sec 1, 8000 ft, July 19, 1981, M. Schwartz, Pinus contorta (Pinaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH). Thomas Spring, June 28, 1974, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Idaho Co.: 10.2 mi WSW of Lolo Pass, Powell Pasture, 3600 ft, July 22, 1978, N. L. Herman, 13, 1♀ (AMNH). Kootenai Co.: Post Falls, July 13, 1929, R. A. Flock, 1♀ (UCR). Latah Co.: Moscow, July 2, 1940, R. L. Usinger, 13, 1♀ (UCB). Moscow, May 22, 1936 – July 10, 1932, T. A. Brindley, 143, 22♀ (USNM). Palouse River, 5 mi E of Harvard, July 3, 1966, W. Gagne and J. Haddock, 13, 2♀ (UCB). Shoshone Co.: 3 mi NW of Clarkia on Rt 3, Cedar Creek Rec. Area, 2700 ft, August 6, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, 13, 1♀ (AMNH). Wardner, July 21, 1929, R. A. Flock, 1♀ (UCR). Iowa: Warren Co.: 1.5 mi E of Hartford, July 5, 1976 – July 6, 1976, J. C. Schaffner, 73, 2♀ (TAMU). Maine: Piscataquis Co.: Capens, July 12, 1907, 13 (CAS). Skowhegan, August 10, 1964, P. and B. Wygodzinsky, 2♀ (AMNH). Washington Co.: 8 km S of Millbridge, July 22, 1990, W. E. Steiner, 23, 2♀ (USNM). Massachusetts: Franklin Co.: Greenfield, along Green River, July 23, 1992, R. W. Jones, 53, 12♀ (TAMU). Greenfield, August 22, 1934, P. A. Mc­ Kinstry, 1♀ (KU). Michigan: Cheboygan Co.: Cheboygan, July 6, 1939, R. Sailer, 1♀ (KU). Douglas Lake, July 10, 1927 – July 23, 1927, H. B. Hungerford, 13, 5♀ (KU). Douglas Lake, July 18, 1929, H. B. Hungerford, 13 (KU). No specific locality, July 20, 1942, H. B. Hungerford, 2♀ (KU). No spe­ cific locality, July 27, 1933, H. B. Hungerford, 13 (KU). No specific locality, July 7, 1942 – July 11, 1942, E. L. Todd, 13, 1♀ (KU). No specific locality, July 9, 1931 – July 14, 1931, H. B. Hungerford, 13, 1♀ (KU). No specific locality, June 20, 1949 – July 10, 1950, J. D. Lattin, 43, 3♀ (OSU). No specific locality, June 26, 1939 – July 6, 1939, H. B. Hungerford, 33, 2♀ (KU). No specific locality, June 28, 1943, H. B. Hungerford, 33, 1♀ (KU). No specific locality, June 29, 1938, H. B. Hungerford, 13 (KU). Luce Co.: Soo Junction N., July 31, 1938, H. B. Hungerford, 13, 1♀ (KU). Mackinac Co.: Mackinac Island, August 4, 1929, H. B. Hungerford, 13 (KU). Minnesota: Cook Co.: Grand Marais, August 13, 1922, H. H. Knight, 133, 17♀ (USNM). Lake Co.: 30 mi N of Two Harbors, August 20, 1920, H. H. Knight, 13, 4♀ (USNM). Cramer, August 10, 1922, H. H. Knight, 43, 3♀ (USNM). Ramsey Co.: St. Anthony Park, July 5, 1923, H. H. Knight, 13, 2♀ (USNM). Montana: Flathead Co.: Glacier National Park, July 28, 1946, G. F. Knowlton, 33 (USU). Glacier National Park, West Glacier, August 15, 1969, R. S. Roberts, 1♀ (USU). Gallatin Co.: 12 mi E of Bozeman, July 21, 1983, J. D. Pinto, 83, 4♀ (UCR). 15 mi N of West Yellowstone on Rt 287, July 26, 1982, S. E. Cummings, 1♀ (UNHP). 26 mi S of Bozeman Hot Springs on Rt 191, Moose Flat Campground, 5700 ft, August 10, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, 13 (AMNH). Bridger Range, 5500 ft, August 16, 1915, 13 (USNM). Missoula Co.: Lolo Hot Springs, August 9, 1969, Oman, 13, 1♀ (OSU). Park Co.: 15 mi S of Livingston, July 22, 1983, J. D. Pinto, 13, 2♀ (UCR). 2 mi E of Cooke City on Rt 212, Soda Butte Campground, Gallatin Natl. Forest, 7700 ft, August 11, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, 13 (AMNH). 2 mi E of Cooke City on Rt 212, Soda Butte Campground, Gallatin Natl. Forest, 7700 ft, August 11, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, 63, 6♀ (AMNH). Nevada: Elko Co. : Secret Pass, 17 mi S of I­ 80 on Rt 229, 6250 ft, June 26, 1983, Schuh and Schwartz, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae) , 2♀ (AMNH). New Hampshire: Carroll Co.: Notchland, August 20, 1934, M. E. Griffith, 1♀ (KU). Notchland, August 20, 1934, R. H. Beamer, 13 (KU). Coos Co.: Bretton Woods, August 21, 1934, P. A. McKinstry, 13, 2♀ (KU). Bretton Woods, August 21, 1934, R. H. Beamer, Jr., 13, 4♀ (KU). Bretton Woods, August 31, 1934, J. D. Beamer, 13, 1♀ (KU). Bretton Woods, August 31, 1934, M. E. Griffith, 13, 5♀ (KU). Bretton Woods, August 31, 1934, R. H. Beamer, 33, 7♀ (KU). Crawfords, September 28, 1916, H. M. Parshley, 2♀ (CAS). Mount Washington, 2500 ft, September 24, 1907, Bryant, 1♀ (CAS). New Mexico: Otero Co.: 2 mi E of Cloudcroft, August 18, 1979, Schaffner, Delorme, McHugh, 1♀ (TAMU). 3 mi E of Cloudcroft, July 19, 1976, J. D. Pinto, Scrophularia sp. (Scrophulariaceae) , 83, 7♀ (AMNH, UCR). 4 mi E of Cloudcroft, July 17, 1979, Delorme, McHugh, Schaffner, 13, 1♀ (TAMU). New York: Delaware Co.: Cadosia, area along Apex Road, July 18, 1982, K. R. Valley, Eupatorium perfoliatum (Asteraceae) , 13 (PDA). Essex Co.: Lake Placid, July 30, 1946, R. H. Beamer, 13 (KU). Genesee Co.: Bergen, July 24, 1946, L. D. Beamer, 1♀ (KU). Hamilton Co.: Raquette Lake, July 26, 1946, R. H. Beamer, 33, 2♀ (KU). Oneida Co. : near Sangerfield on Rt 20, September 6, 1975, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Solidago sp. (Asteraceae) , 1♀ (PDA). Sullivan Co.: DeBruce, August 23, 1912, 1♀ (AMNH). Tompkins Co.: Ithaca, July 7, 1920, H. H. Knight, 13 (USNM). Oregon: Baker Co.: Unity, July 13, 1991, W. F. Chamberlain, 1♀ (TAMU). Jackson Co.: Mt. Ashland, 4 1/ 2 mi below ski lodge, 5500 ft, September 24, 1968, J. D. Lattin, 1♀ (OSU). Klamath Co.: Eagle Ridge, Klamath Lake, 13 (CAS). Eagle Ridge, Klamath Lake, May 30, 1924, C. L. Fox, 2♀ (CAS). Upper Klamath Lake, Dennie Creek, July 3, 1954, Joe Schuh, 13 (OSU). Lincoln Co.: Yaquina Head, lighthouse, July 5, 1979, G. Stonedahl, Stachys mexicana (Lamiaceae) , 1♀ (OSU). Multnomah Co.: Portland, July 3, 1917, W. M. Giffard, 1♀ (CAS). Union Co.: 4.5 mi E of Tollgate, Woodland Campground, 5000 ft, August 4, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, 23, 2♀ (AMNH). 4.5 mi E of Tollgate, Woodland Campground, 5000 ft, August 4, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Potentilla fruticosa (Rosaceae) , 33, 2♀ (AMNH). Unknown Co.: Summit Prairie, July 23, 1939, Schuh and Gray, 1♀ (AMNH). Wallowa Co.: 18 mi S of Joseph, June 18, 1979, Balsa­ morhiza sp. ( Asteraceae ), 13 (AMNH). Wasco Co.: 2 mi S of Simnasho, 2900 ft, June 6, 1972, Lattin, 2♀ (OSU). Rowena Crest, May 4, 1973, Oman, 13 (OSU). Wheeler Co.: 4 mi SW of Fossil, June 5, 1979, P. W. Oman, Balsamorhiza sp. (Asteraceae) , 1♀ (OSU). Slide Mountain, 9.5 mi E of Rt 26 on FS Rd 2630, July 19, 1979, Schwartz, Pinus contorta (Pinaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH). Yamhill Co.: top of Bald Mountain, July 13, 1958, K. M. Fender, 13 (OSU). Pennsylvania: Blair Co.: Altoona Cemetery, July 7, 1976, T. J. Henry, Rhus glabra (Anacardiaceae) , 1♀ (PDA). Crawford Co.: Meadville, July 9, 1971, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., ex Fabaceae , 1♀ (PDA). Erie Co.: Erie, Paul’s Nursery, July 26, 1978, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) , 1♀ (PDA). Jefferson Co.: Sigel, August 21, 1973, 1♀ (PDA). South Dakota: Custer Co.: Custer, July 27, 1927, H. H. Knight, 2♀ (USNM). Lawrence Co.: Black Hills, 5000 ft, July 20, 1928, A. A. Nichol, 43, 2♀ (USNM). Roubaix, 5000– 6000 ft, August 25, 1957, R. F. Koontz, 13 (OSU). Utah: Box Elder Co. : Clear Creek, July 5, 1974, W. J. Hanson, 1♀ (USU). Snowville, July 14, 1953, W. G. Firestone, 1♀ (USU). Willard Basin, 9200 ft, July 26, 1979, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Cache Co.: Ant Valley, July 21, 1976, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Blacksmith Fork Canyon, July 3, 1971, G. F. Knowlton, 23 (OSU). Franklin Basin, August 7, 1975 – August 27, 1975, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 4♀ (USU). Franklin Basin, August 7, 1975, G. F. Knowlton, 23, 1♀ (UCD). Logan Canyon, 6500 ft, August 8, 1970, F. Fitz, Delphinium occidentale (Ranunculaceae) , 23 (USU). Logan Canyon, July 13, 1977, W. J. Hanson, 1♀ (USU). Logan Canyon, July 18, 1971, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 1♀ (USU). Logan Canyon, July 26, 1973, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Logan Canyon, June 9, 1949, S. L. Wood, 13 (USU). Tony Grove Canyon, August 6, 1976, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Tony Grove Canyon, July 22, 1978, G. F. Knowlton and R. K. Cazier, 1♀ (USU). Tony Grove Canyon, July 30, 1974, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 3♀ (USU). Tony Grove Junction, August 21, 1984, 1♀ (USU). Tony Grove Lake, July 17, 1973, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 1♀ (USU). Tony Grove Lake, July 27, 1973, G. F. Knowlton, 23, 2♀ (USU). Tony Grove Lake, July 30, 1974, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Davis Co.: No specific locality, August 3, 1963, 13 (USU). Duchesne Co.: Rock Creek, July 28, 1970, J. L. Petty, 1♀ (USU). Uinta Mountains, Ashley National Forest, Hades Campground, 7400 ft, August 17, 1986, Schwartz and Stonedahl, Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) , 23, 6♀ (AMNH). Juab Co.: Mt. Nebo Loop, July 3, 1972, G. F. Knowlton and W. J. Hanson, 13 (USU). Rich Co.: Allen Canyon, July 10, 1974, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Garden City, July 25, 1978, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Laketown, July 23, 1963, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Monte Cristo, August 12, 1943, G. F. Knowlton and D. R. Maddock, 13 (USU). Monte Cristo, August 21, 1942, G. F. Knowlton and S. L. Wood, 13 (USU). Monte Cristo, August 21, 1943, G. F. Knowlton and R. S. Roberts, 13 (USNM). Monte Cristo, July 10, 1974, G. F. Knowlton, 23 (USU). Monte Cristo, July 19, 1979, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Salt Lake Co.: Wasatch Mts., Little Cottonwood Canyon, Snowbird Ski Resort, 10,500 ft, August 19, 1986, M. D. Schwartz, 1♀ (AMNH). Sanpete Co.: Ephraim Canyon, 9000–9500 ft, August 13, 1975, G. F. Knowlton, 53, 4♀ (USU). Ephraim Canyon, August 13, 1975, G. F. Knowlton, 1♀ (UCD). Left Fork Huntington Creek, Summit on Rt 31, T14S R6W, 9700 ft, August 8, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Populus sp. (Salicaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH). Summit Co.: 17 mi E of Kamas, August 5, 1971, W. J. Hanson, 13 (USU). 3 mi SE of Bear River R.S., August 5, 1971, Hanson and Knowlton, 1♀ (USU). Tooele Co.: 13 mi SW of Grantsville, Loop Camp, 7400 ft, July 2, 1960, F, Rindge, 33 (AMNH). 13 mi SW of Grantsville, Loop Camp, 7400 ft, July 4, 1960, F., P. and B. Rindge, 13 (AMNH). Utah Co.: Mt. Timpanogos, August 6, 1969, G. F. Knowlton, 23, 2♀ (USU). Mt. Timpanogos, July 9, 1922, E. P. Van Duzee, 13 (CAS). Wasatch Co.: 12 mi SE of Heber, July 20, 1967, H. R. Burke, 1♀ (TAMU). 30 mi SE of Kamas on Rt 35, Uintah Natl. Forest, Wolf Creek Campground, T4S R10W Sec 7, 9000 ft, August 15, 1986, Schwartz and Stonedahl, 1♀ (AMNH). Weber Co.: 13 mi S of Monte Cristo, July 7, 1977, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Huntsville, Ogeen Canyon, July 21, 1922, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (CAS). Washington: Ferry Co.: Republic, August 6, 1931, L. D. Anderson, 13 (KU). King Co.: Northbend, July 8, 1920 – July 11, 1920, E. P. Van Duzee, 33, 4♀ (CAS). Seattle, August 6, 1928, R. A. Flock, 13 (UCR). Klickitat Co.: 1 mi SE of Wahkiakas, May 10, 1973, P. W. Oman, 13 (OSU). Okanogan Co.: 8 mi WNW of Republic (Ferry Co.), Sweat Creek, 3600 ft, July 20, 1978, N. Herman, 13, 1♀ (AMNH). Pierce Co.: Buckley, July 6, 1935, J. Russell, 1♀ (KU). Buckley, July 6, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 23 (KU). Du Pont, July 5, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 13 (KU). North Fort Lewis, July 4, 1944 – July 5, 1944, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 103, 4♀ (CAS). Paradise, Mt. Rainier, June 22, 1940, R. L. Usinger, 2♀ (UCB). Puyallup, July 5, 1927, W. W. Baker, 13, 1♀ (USNM). Unknown Co.: Clear Lake, July 11, 1931, F. P. Dean, 23, 4♀ (USNM). Whatcom Co.: 2 mi SW of Lynden, July 14, 1966 – July 16, 1966, W. Gagne and J. Haddock, 133, 23♀ (UCB). Whitman Co.: Colfax , July 10, 1925, C. L. Fox, 113, 13♀ (CAS). Yakima Co.: Tampico, June 1, 1932, A. R. Rolfs, 73 (USNM). West Virginia: Tucker Co.: Blackwater Falls State Park near Davis, August 12, 1979, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Chrysanthemum leucanthemum (Asteraceae) , 8♀ (PDA). Canaan Valley, Rt 32 near Blackwater River, August 12, 1979, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Spiraea alba (Rosaceae) , 1♀ (PDA). Dolly Sods Wilderness Area, July 17, 1978, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) , 13, 2♀ (PDA). Wyoming: Big Horn Co.: 24 mi W of Burgess Jct on road to radar station, 9000–9200 ft, August 12, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Lupinus argenteus (Fabaceae) , 353, 40♀ (AMNH). Granite Pass, 7500 ft, July 6, 1979, G. W. Byers, 23 (KU). Crook Co.: Sundance, July 20, 1927, H. H. Knight, 23, 2♀ (USNM). Fremont Co.: Wind River Mts., 2.5 mi SW Shoshone Natl. Forest boundary on Rt 131, August 14, 1986, Schwartz and Stonedahl, 13 (AMNH). Johnson Co. : 14 mi W of Buffalo, Clear Creek, July 8, 1959, G. W. Byers, 23, 1♀ (KU). Lincoln Co.: Salt River Pass, August 7, 1974, G. F. Knowlton and W. J. Hanson, 33, 4♀ (USU). Park Co.: Shoshone Natl. Forest, August 14, 1927, H. H. Knight, 13, 1♀ (USNM). Shoshone Natl. Forest, August 14, 1927, H. H. Knight, paratypes ( fuscotibialis ): 23 (USNM); holotype male ( fuscotibialis ) (USNM). Yellowstone National Park, July 20, 1920, A. A. Nichol, 13, 10♀ (USNM). Sheridan Co.: Sheridan, August 2, 1927, H. H. Knight, 13 (USNM). Shoshone Co.: 19 mi E of Cooke City on Rt 212, 8000 ft, August 11, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 13, 2♀ (AMNH). 6.9 mi E of Cooke City on Rt 212, Fox Creek Campground, 7250 ft, August 11, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 23, 1♀ (AMNH). Teton Co.: Grand Teton National Park, near Kelly, July 24, 1982, S. C. Williams, 33 (CAS). Grand Teton National Park, Teton Science School near Kelly, July 24, 1982, S. C. Williams, 13, 4♀ (CAS).

Figures

Fig. 6. Habitus figures of Nearctic Plagiognathus spp. (see p. 263 for localities).

Fig. 15. Antennal segments 1 and 2 of Nearctic Plagiognathus spp.

Fig. 21. Male genitalia of Nearctic Plagiognathus spp.

Fig. 2. Plagiognathus brunneus, male, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head. B. Metathoracic spiracle and metathoracic scentgland evaporatory area. C. Pretarsus.

Fig. 22. Male genitalia of Nearctic Plagiognathus spp. fl = flange.