Paradilacra densissima ( Bernhauer, 1909 )

Gusarov, Vladimir I., 2003, Revision of some types of North American aleocharines (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), with synonymic notes, Zootaxa 353 (1), pp. 1-134 : 24-29

Paradilacra densissima ( Bernhauer, 1909)

( Figs. 19–30 )

Atheta (Paradilacra) densissima Bernhauer, 1909: 517 .

Paradilacra persola Casey, 1910a: 72 .

Paradilacra willametta Casey, 1910a: 73 .

Paradilacra uintana Casey, 1910a: 73 .

Paradilacra glenorica Casey, 1910a: 74 .

Paradilacra symbolica Casey, 1911a: 127 .

Paradilacra erebea Casey, 1911a: 128 .

Paradilacra subaequa Casey, 1911a: 128 .

Paradilacra sinistra Casey, 1911a: 129 .

Paradilacra memnonia Casey, 1911a: 130 .

Paradilacra vulgatula Casey, 1911a: 130 .

Paradilacra deserticola Casey, 1911a: 131 .

Paradilacra densissima: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as valid species).

Paradilacra persola: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra willametta: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra uintana: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra glenorica: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra symbolica: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra erebea: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra subaequa: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra sinistra: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra memnonia: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra vulgatula: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Paradilacra deserticola: Fenyes, 1920: 244 (as synonym of Pa. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) densissima: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as valid species).

Atheta (Paradilacra) persola: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) willametta: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) uintana: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) glenorica: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) symbolica: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) erebea: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) subaequa: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) sinistra: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) memnonia: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima).

Atheta (Paradilacra) vulgatula: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) deserticola: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 607 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) densissima: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as valid species).

Atheta (Paradilacra) persola: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) willametta: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) uintana: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ; misspelled as uinata).

Atheta (Paradilacra) glenorica: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) symbolica: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) erebea: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) subaequa: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ; misspelled as subaegua).

Atheta (Paradilacra) sinistra: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) memnonia: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Atheta (Paradilacra) vulgatula: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ; misspelled as vulgata).

Atheta (Paradilacra) deserticola: Moore & Legner, 1975: 358 (as synonym of At. densissima ).

Paradilacra densissima: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra persola: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra willametta: Seevers, 1978: 266 (as valid species).

Paradilacra uintana: Seevers, 1978: 266 (as valid species).

Paradilacra glenorica: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra symbolica: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra erebea: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra subaequa: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra sinistra: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra memnonia: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Paradilacra vulgatula: Seevers, 1978: 266 (as valid species).

Paradilacra deserticola: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Type material. Lectotype of Atheta densissima (here designated): ♂, “ S. Anselmo Cal. [ifornia]”, “June 04.16 [4.vi.1916]”, “166.”, “ ambigua Er. ? Fenyes. det. Bernhauer ”, “ densissima Bernh. Typus. Fenyes” (yellow label), “not ambigua Erichson det. Lohse ”, ( FMNH) . Paralectotype: ♂, “Willist’n [Williston], N.[orth] D.[akota] Jun.[e] 8–9 Wickham”, “7614”, “ densissima Bernh. Cotypus. Fenyes ” (yellow label) ( FMNH) .

Lectotype of Paradilacra persola (here designated): ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, Monterey]”, “ Paradilacra persola Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39377” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH). Paralectotype: ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, Monterey]”, “ persola PARATYPE USNM 39377” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra willametta (here designated): ♂, “Portland Oreg.[on]”, “ willametta Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39380” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra uintana (here designated): ♂, “Milford Ut.[ah] Jul.[y] Wickha[m]”, “ uintana Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39379” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH). Paralectotypes: ♂, “Milford Ut.[ah] Jul.[y] Wickha[m]”, “ uintana ­2 PARATYPE USNM 39379” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925”; ♂, “Elko, Nevad[a] Wickham.”, “ uintana ­3 PARATYPE USNM 39379” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra glenorica (here designated): ♂, “Glenora B.[ritish] C.[olumbia]”, “ glenorica Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39378” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH). Paralectotype: ♀, “Kamloops, B.[ritish] C.[olumbia] Wickham.”, “ glenorica ­3 PARATYPE USNM 39378” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra symbolica (here designated): ♀, “Cal.[ifornia, Napa Junction]”, “ symbolica Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39385” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra erebea (here designated): ♀, “Cal.[ifornia, Napa Junction]”, “ erebea Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39381” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925”. Paralectotype: ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, near Mt. Diablo]”, “ erebea ­2 PARATYPE USNM 39381” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra subaequa (here designated): ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, Santa Rosa]”, “ subaequa Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39382” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925”. Paralectotype: ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, Santa Rosa]”, “ subaequa ­2 PARATYPE USNM 39382” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra sinistra (here designated): ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, San José and Santa Clara Valley]”, “ sinistra Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39383” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Lectotype of Paradilacra memnonia (here designated): ♀, “Cal.[ifornia, Cloverdale , north of Santa Rosa]”, “ memnonia Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39384” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Holotype of Paradilacra vulgatula : ♂, “Cal.[ifornia, Jountville , Napa Co.]”, “ vulgatula Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39386” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” . Paratype: ♀, “Cal.[ifornia, Jountville , Napa Co.]”, “ vulgatula ­2 PARATYPE USNM 39386” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH) .

Lectotype of Paradilacra deserticola (here designated): ♀, “Elko Nev.[ada]”, “ deserticola Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39387” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” ( NMNH).

Additional material. UNITED STATES: California: ♀, “Cal” with a black dot inside “C” ( San Francisco and immediate vicinity as far south as Redwood City and Purissima ( FitzGerald 1962)) ( NMNH (Casey collection)); San Bernardino Co .: 32 specimens, 4 km NEE Big Bear City, Hwy. 18, San Bernardino Nat. Forest, 34º16.46’N 116º48.07’W, 2050 m, Baldwin Lake bank, 11.viii.1999 (V.I.Gusarov) ( KSEM) ; San Diego Co .: 3♂♂, 5♀♀, Cuyamaca , 11.vi.1961 (I.Moore) ( CNCI, SPSU) ; San Luis Obispo Co.: ♂, Atascadero , 15.viii.1956 (I.Moore) ( CNCI) ; Ventura Co.: 14 specimens, 10 km N Ojai, Los Padres Nat. Forest, Rose Valley Rd. , 34º32.51’N 119º11.42’W, 1150 m, reservoir bank, 10.viii.1999 (V.I.Gusarov) ( KSEM) ; Montana: ♂, Glendive (This specimen was labeled by curators as a paratype of Pa. glenorica but it had not been included in the type series of that species by Casey (1910a) ( NMNH (Casey collection)); CANADA: Alberta: ♂, ♀, Waterton Lakes N. P., bes. Hwy. 6, 4.4 km SE jct. Hwy. 5, tread beaver pond, 6.vi.1980 ( CNCI) ; British Columbia: ♂, Thompson River, Monte Creek , 27.vi.1988 (L.LeSage) ; ♂, 16 mi. W Osoyoos , 5.vi.1968 (Campbell & Smetana) ( CNCI) .

Diagnosis. Paradilacra densissima is the only valid Nearctic species of the genus. When describing Paradilacra, Bernhauer (1909) included in it an additional Nearctic species ( Atheta ambigua ( Erichson, 1839)) and one species from North Africa ( At. hyperbolica Bernhauer, 1905 ). In this paper At. ambigua is placed in the genus Strigota Casey, 1910a (see below). The aedeagus and spermatheca of Pa. densissima are shown in Figs. 23–30 .

Discussion. My comparison of the types of the species described by Casey (1910a, 1911a) in the genus Paradilacra with the types of Pa. densissima confirmed the synonymies established by Fenyes (1920). The body size and the length of the female spermatheca ( Figs. 29–30 ) varies in examined specimens but this variation is continuous. In all examined male specimens the shape of the aedeagus and the sclerites of its internal sac were identical.

Distribution. Paradilacra densissima is widely distributed in the western United States (California, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Montana and North Dakota) and Canada (British Columbia and Alberta).

Figures

FIGURES 19–22. Abdominal segment 8 of Paradilacra densissima (Bernhauer) (male, lectotype of Pa. persola Casey (19–20); and female, lectotype of Pa. memnonia Casey (21–22)). 19 — male tergum 8; 20 — male sternum 8; 21 — female tergum 8; 22 — female sternum 8. Scale bar 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 23–30. Genitalia of Paradilacra densissima (Bernhauer) (male, lectotype of Pa. persola Casey (23–28); female, lectotype of Pa. memnonia Casey (29); and female, lectotype of Pa. deserticola Casey (30)). 23 — median lobe, parameral view; 24 — apex of median lobe, parameral view; 25 — median lobe, lateral view; 26 — apex of median lobe, lateral view; 27 — apex of median lobe with details of retracted internal sac, parameral view; 28 — apex of median lobe with details of retracted internal sac, lateral view; 29–30 — spermatheca. Scale bar 0.1 mm (24, 26, 29– 30), 0.2 mm (23, 25, 27–28).