Gibberifera Obraztsov, 1946

Zhang, Aihuan, 2021, Review of Gibberifera Obraztsov (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from China, with description of a new species, Zootaxa 5039 (3), pp. 409-416 : 410

Gibberifera Obraztsov, 1946

Gibberifera Obraztsov, 1946: 26 , 35. Type species: Penthina simplana Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1836 .

Gibbifera: Razowski, 1987: 143; Razowski, 1989: 168. [Misspelling]

Gibberelifera: Byun & Park, 1994: 163. [Misspelling]

Venation. Forewing with all veins separated; chorda and M-stem present except chorda absent in G. hepaticana ; R 3 and R 4 approximated at base; R 4 and R 5 to costa and termen respectively; M 2 close to M 3 and far from M 1 at base; CuA 1 bent forward; CuP rudimentary; 1A and 2A merged from basal 1/3. Hindwing with Sc+R 1 near Rs at base; Rs and M 1 approximated towards base; M 2 close to M 3; M 3 and CuA 1 stalked; CuA 2 originated from apical 1/3 of posterior margin of dical cell; CuP rudimentary; 1A and 2A merged near base; 3A present. Male forewing without costal fold.

Male genitalia. Uncus club-shaped, sometimes bifurcated apically, U-shaped or Y-shaped but absent in G. alba Kawabe & Nasu ; socius broadly triangular or oval, setose, drooping. Valva with relatively large basal opening; neck distinct, with few hairs; sacculus setose; cucullus oblong or oval, setose, with a slender process on ventral angle bearing a stout spine apically. Phallus simple, vesica with numerous deciduous cornuti and sometimes with nondeciduous spiny cornuti apically.

Female genitalia. Sternite VII trapeziform, broadly sclerotized. Sterigma developed, short and broad, surface spinulose. Ductus bursae with sclerotized ring near ostium bursae, ductus seminalis originating from the ring anteriorly. Corpus bursae globular or oval with two horned signa.

Host plants. Salicaceae .

Distribution. Palaearctic and Oriental regions.

Remarks. Razowski (1989) regarded two characters, namely the process of cucullus (pollex) and the form of membrane connecting upper part of basal process of valva, as supposed autapomorphies. However, the latter character was not recognized by Kawabe & Nasu (1994) and Zhang & Li (2004). Kawabe & Nasu (1994) put forward two autapomorphies of Gibberifera , i.e. forewing with a large whitish trapezoidal marking occupying apical 4/5, consisting of a wide median fascia and a large round ocelloid patch and cucullus with a slender process on the ventral angle, bearing a short spine apically, which was supported by Zhang & Li (2004). These two characters are also found on the specimens in this study.