Bebelis, Thomson, 1864

Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2022, New species, revalidation, synonymies, and new records in Bebelis Thomson (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Apomecynini), Zootaxa 5092 (4), pp. 401-428 : 425-426

Provisional key to species of Bebelis

1. Elytral apex rounded, truncate ( Fig. 1 ) or projected in a short spine at outer angle (e.g. Fig. 22 )........................ 2

- Elytral apex projected in a long spine at outer angle (distinctly longer than the pedicel) (e.g. Fig. 45 )................. 18

2(1). Elytra with distinct and well-delimited longitudinal pubescent band on dorsal surface starting at base (e.g. Fig. 26 )...... 3

- Elytra without longitudinal pubescent band on anterior region of dorsal surface (e.g. Figs 16 , 40 )..................... 5

3(2). Most antennomeres with yellowish ring basally; elytra with apical integument contrasting with that on the remaining surface. Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Brazil (Amazonas)....................................... B. tagua Galileo & Martins, 2006

- Antennomeres without yellowish basal ring; elytral apex not contrasting in color with the remaining surface (e.g. Fig. 26 ).. .................................................................................................. 4

4(3). Distance between upper eye lobes shorter than twice the maximum width of one upper lobe; elytra without grayish-white pubescent spots. Figs 26–29 . Bolivia (Santa Cruz)............................................. B. tinga sp. nov.

- Distance between upper eye lobes larger than twice the maximum width of one upper lobe; elytra with grayish-white pubescent spots. Fig. 11 . Brazil (Pará)..................................................... B. coenosa (Bates, 1866)

5(2). Elytra with two semicircular white pubescent bands parallel-sided on basal half. Fig. 52 . Bolivia (Cochabamba)....................................................................................... B. aurulenta ( Belon, 1903)

- White pubescent bands on basal half, when present, not semicircular and parallel-sided............................ 6

6(5). Elytra with longitudinal and narrow pubescent bands from base to near apex. Figs 40–44 . Argentina (Corrientes)............................................................................................. B. parana sp. nov.

- Elytra without longitudinal and narrow pubescent bands from base to near apex.................................. 7

7(6). Elytra with short, erect and abundant white setae. Figs 31–34 . Bolivia (Santa Cruz)............... B. skillmani sp. nov.

- Elytra without short and erect white setae................................................................. 8

8(7). Elytral apex with outer angle projected................................................................... 9

- Elytral apex with outer angle not projected............................................................... 14

9(8). Distance between upper eye lobes equal to width of one upper lobe. Figs 16–20 . Bolivia (La Paz)..... B. nearnsi sp. nov.

- Distance between upper eye lobes larger than width of one upper lobe (e.g. Fig. 30 ).............................. 10

10(9). Dorsal surface of the elytra with white pubescent band not reaching suture, oblique basally, then following parallel-sided toward posterior region. Figs 65 – 66 . Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia (Cochabamba), Brazil (São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul).................................................................. B. modesta ( Belon, 1903)

- Dorsal white pubescent band of the elytra with different shape (e.g. Fig. 22 ).................................... 11

11(10). Anterior third of the elytra without oblique or semicircular pubescent band contrasting with pubescence adjacent to it (excluding white pubescent band). Fig. 30 . Colombia (Bolivar)......................... B. maculata Martins & Galileo, 1999

- Anterior third of the elytra with oblique or semicircular pubescent band contrasting with pubescence adjacent to it...... 12

12(11). Elytra with semicircular white pubescent band on sides of central region (e.g. Fig. 53 )............................ 13

- Elytra without semicircular white pubescent band on sides of central region (e.g. Fig. 1 )........................... 14

13(12). Genae about three times length of lower eye lobe. Figs 53 – 58 . Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Brazil (Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Paraguay, Argentina................................................................. B. acuta Pascoe, 1875

- Genae about as long as lower eye lobe. Fig. 70 . Venezuela............................. B. elongata (Lameere, 1893)

14(8). Dorsal whitish pubescent band on the elytra not reaching suture. Figs 1 –5 . Bolivia (Santa Cruz)....... B. wappesi sp. nov.

- Dorsal whitish pubescent band on the elytra reaching suture (e.g. Fig. 59 )...................................... 15

15(14). Dark longitudinal bands on the pronotum distinctly diverging from anterior margin to about middle; arched white pubescent band on sides of the middle of the elytra bifid on posterior region (usually the apex fused). Figs. 59 – 64 . Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas, Guerrero), Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, French Guiana, Brazil (Rondônia, Maranhão, Goiás, Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul), Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Cochabamba), Paraguay, Argentina (Buenos Aires), Martinique, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Cuba, Bahamas.............................................................................. B. picta Pascoe, 1875

- Dark longitudinal bands on the pronotum not distinctly diverging from anterior margin; arched white pubescent band on sides of the middle of the elytra, when present, not bifid posteriorly (e.g. Fig. 49 )..................................... 16

16(15). Anterior third of the elytra with a single oblique white pubescent band. Brazil (Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)........................................................... B. compta Galileo & Martins, 2006

- Anterior third of the elytra with two oblique white pubescent bands........................................... 17

17(16). Body stout, length shorter than 4.0 times maximum width ( Fig. 10 ). Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Brazil (Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul), Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina (Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Buenos Aires), Uruguay................................ B. lignosa Thomson, 1864

- Body slender, length about 4.0 times maximum width ( Figs 35, 39 ). Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Acre, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Rio Grande do Sul)................................................. B. cuprina ( Belon, 1903)

18(1). Pronotum with three wide longitudinal pubescent bands and two narrow pubescent bands between them. Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama......................................................... B. longipennis ( Bates, 1885)

- Pronotal pubescent bands not forming five distinct lines………………………..….. 19

19(18). Upper eye lobes with four rows of ommatidia. Fig. 49 . Brazil (Minas Gerais), Paraguay...... B. obliquata Breuning, 1940

- Upper eye lobes with three rows of ommatidia............................................................ 20

20(19). Elytra with a series of short longitudinal dark bands adjacent to the inferior margin of the oblique whitish pubescent band on anterior third. Panama, Colombia................................................... B. fasciata (Fisher, 1947)

- Elytra without these dark longitudinal bands............................................................. 21

21(20). Oblique whitish pubescent band on the anterior half of the elytra wide and usually distinctly reaching suture........... 22

- Oblique whitish pubescent band on the elytra narrow and not reaching suture................................... 24

22(21). Pronotum without longitudinal pubescent band centrally; posterior third of the elytra with oblique white pubescent band. Figs 45–48 . Argentina (Mendoza)............................................................ B. imitatrix sp. nov.

- Pronotum with longitudinal pubescent band centrally; posterior third of the elytra with longitudinal whitish pubescent band ................................................................................................. 23

23(22). Elytra without longitudinal whitish pubescent band between oblique anterior band and longitudinal posterior band. Fig. 25 . Belize, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Goiás, Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo)........................................................................... B. lignea (Bates, 1866)

- Elytra with longitudinal whitish pubescent band between oblique anterior band and longitudinal posterior band (often fragmented). Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica............................................. B. furcula ( Bates, 1880)

24(21). Longitudinal whitish pubescent band on posterior third of the elytra entire. Costa Rica........ B. divaricata (Fisher, 1947)

- Longitudinal whitish pubescent band on posterior third of the elytra fragmented. Mexico (Jalisco, Veracruz, Chiapas, Oaxaca), Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica............................................... B. mexicana ( Bates, 1885)

Note 1: It is not possible to separate B. pseudolignosa (Breuning, 1942) , B. parva (Fisher, 1938) , and B. zeteki (Fisher, 1947) ( Fig. 69 ) from B. elongata ( Fig. 70 ). Apparently, they are all synonyms, and were not included in the key. It is also possible that B. cuprina is also synonym of B. elongata .

Note 2: There are specimens agreeing with B. cuprina with outer angle slightly projected, as well as specimens with outer angle not projected. The specimens with outer angle projected were not included in the key.

Note 3: It is not possible to separate B. lignosa and B. occulta . They probably are a single species, and were not included in the key.

Note 4: Apparently, B. puncticollis (Fisher, 1947) and B. leo Monné & Monné, 2009 are synonyms of B. mexicana , and were not included in the key.

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. Bebelis wappesi sp. nov. 1–4) Holotype female: 1) Dorsal habitus; 2) Ventral habitus; 3) Lateral habitus; 4) Head, frontal view. 5) Paratype male, dorsal habitus.

FIGURES 16–25. Bebelis spp. 16–20) B. nearnsi sp. nov., holotype male: 16) Dorsal habitus; 17) Ventral habitus; 18) Lateral habitus; 19) Head, frontal view; 20) Lower eye lobe, lateral view. 21–23) B. pseudolignosa Breuning, 1942, female from Argentina (Salta, Rosario de Lerma): 21) Lower eye lobe, lateral view; 22) Dorsal habitus; 23) Lateral habitus. 24) B. pseudolignosa, holotype, by Jesus Santiago Moure. 25) Dorcasta prolongata Fisher, 1947 (= B. lignea (Bates, 1866)), holotype male, dorsal habitus.

FIGURES 45–48. Bebelis imitatrix sp. nov., holotype female: 45) Dorsal habitus; 46) Ventral habitus; 47) Lateral habitus; 48) Head, frontal view.

FIGURES 26–30. Bebelis spp. 26–29) B. tinga sp. nov., holotype male: 26) Dorsal habitus; 27) Ventral habitus; 28) Lateral habitus; 29) Head, frontal view. 30) B. maculata Martins & Galileo, 1999, holotype, dorsal habitus.

FIGURES 40–44. Bebelis parana sp. nov., holotype female: 40) Dorsal habitus; 41) Ventral habitus; 42) Lateral habitus; 43) Head, frontal view; 44) Mesanepisternum.

FIGURES 6–15. Bebelis spp. 6–8) B. angusta (Fisher, 1947), holotype male: 6) Dorsal habitus; 7) Ventral habitus; 8) Mesanepisternum. 9) Bebelis wappesi sp. nov., holotype female, mesanepisternum. 10) B. lignosa Thomson, 1864, syntype, dorsal habitus. 11) B. coenosa (Bates, 1866), syntype, dorsal habitus. 12) B. occulta (Bates, 1866), holotype, dorsal habitus. 13–15) B. concisa, paratype male: 13) Dorsal habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Ventral habitus. Figures 10–12 by Jesus Santiago Moure.

FIGURES 49–52. Bebelis spp. 49) B. obliquata Breuning, 1940, holotype, dorsal habitus (by Jesus Santiago Moure). 50–51) B. inaequalis (Fisher, 1947), holotype male: 50) Dorsal habitus; 51) Ventral habitus. 52) B. aurulenta (Belon, 1903), syntype, dorsal habitus (by Jesus Santiago Moure).

FIGURES 31–39. Bebelis spp. 31–34) B. skillmani sp. nov., holotype male: 31) Dorsal habitus; 32) Ventral habitus; 33) Lateral habitus; 34) Head, frontal view. 35–36) B. cuprina (Belon, 1903), male from Brazil (Entre Rios, no state reported): 35) Dorsal habitus; 36) Lateral habitus. 37–38) B. cuprina, male from Brazil (Acre, Rio Branco): 37) Lateral habitus; 38) Head, frontal view. 39) B. cuprina, holotype, dorsal habitus, by Jesus Santiago Moure.

FIGURES 65–70. Bebelis spp. 65–66) Dorcasta modesta Belon, 1903, holotype: 65) Dorsal habitus; 66) Labels. 67–68) Dorcasta laetabilis Belon, 1903, holotype: 67) Labels; 68) Dorsal habitus. 69) Dorcasta zeteki Fisher, 1947, holotype, dorsal habitus (by Jesus Santiago Moure). 70) Adetus elongatus Lameere, 1893, holotype, dorsal habitus (by Jesus Santiago Moure).

FIGURES 53–58. Bebelis acuta Pascoe, 1875. 53–55) Male from Brazil (São Paulo, Piracicaba): 53) Dorsal habitus; 54) Ventral habitus; 55) Head, lateral view. 56–58) Male from Costa Rica (São José): 56) Dorsal habitus; 57) Ventral habitus; 58) Head, lateral view.

FIGURES 59–64. Bebelis picta Pascoe, 1875. 59–61) Female from Brazil (Rio de Janeiro): 59) Dorsal habitus; 60) Ventral habitus; 61) Head, lateral view. 62–64) Female from Cuba: 62) Dorsal habitus; 63) Ventral habitus; 64) Head, lateral view.