Heterodermia galactophylla (Tuck.) W.L. Culb., Bryologist

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

3. Heterodermia galactophylla (Tuck.) W.L. Culb., Bryologist 69: 482 (1967) ( Figs. 1E , 12B )

Parmelia ciliaris β galactophylla Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 1: 224 (1847).; Type:— U.S.A. Maine, ex herb. Oakes (holotype, FH-Tuck n.v.); Anaptychia galactophylla (Tuck.) Trevis. , Flora 44: 52 (1861).

50 • Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

Thallus foliose to subfruticose, usually attached to the substrate, forming rosettes or tufts of apically ascending lobes, 3–5 cm wide, but sometimes coalescing to form colonies up to 17 cm. Lobes 0.4–2.5 (–8.0 at sorediate tips) mm wide, sublinear, spathulate or paddle-shaped, convex, rarely branched, ascending or suberect, partially imbricate, with rounded apices when non-sorediate. Upper surface white to grayish white or seldom glaucous gray, sorediate; soredia on the undersides of reflexed and erect and widened lobe tips; marginal rhizines whitish to somewhat darkened, usually simple to furcate, but becoming thyrsiformly ramified with age. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, uniformly white (South American material partly yellow-brown). Apothecia very rare, not present in Thai material, subterminal to terminal on ascending lobes, substipitate, 1–2.5 (–3) mm wide; margin crenate or lobulate, ciliate; disc dark brown, densely white pruinose. Ascospores Polyblastidia - type, narrowly ellipsoidal to fusiform, with 2–3 sporoblastidia, 31–35 × 13–16 µm. Pycnidia not seen.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow, C–, P–; pigmented lower surface K+ violet; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), japonene (submajor to minor).

Distribution and habitat:—Occurs on the twigs of trees and shrubs in a garden at 750–800 m above sea level; also in North, Central and South America, Africa and Asia.

Remarks:— This lichen is characterized by the elongate lobes without cilia on the upper surface, soralia beneath the widened and reflexed lobe apices and a chemistry without depsidones. We could find no mention of apothecia for this species in the literature, but in our vast collections from South America we have located one fertile specimen (herb. Kalb 37797). Probably, H. galactophylla is the sorediate counterpart of H. trichophora (Kurok.) Trass , as the two species have the same chemistry.

Material reported from Thailand:— Chiang Mai: Mushroom Research Centre along road to Pae , on bark in Camellia garden in forest remnants, 750–800 m, 19°07'11'' N, 98°44'01'' E, 1–3 July 2004, Aptroot 61331 ( ABL). ( Aptroot & al. 2007: 104) .

Specimens examined: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra da Mantiqueira ; above Vila Monte Verde, ca. 17 km SE of Camanducaia, in a very disturbed montane rainforest, 1800 m, 22°52' S, 46°02' W, 3 July 1979, K. Kalb & G. Plöbst (herb. Kalb 37797) — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Serra dos Coroados; Buriti, nature reserve of the Protestant school of Buriti , ca. 6 km SW of Buriti in a submontane rainforest, 600 m, 15°30’ S, 55°40’ W, 8 July 1980, K. Kalb & m, Marcelli (herb. Kalb 37800) — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra da Mantiqueira; Itatiaia, Parque National do Itatiaia , in a humid and dark primary rainforest, 1100 m, 22°20’ S, 44°35’ W, 21. July 1978, K. Kalb & G. Plöbst (herb. Kalb 39358) — BRAZIL. São Paulo: Serra do Mar; Serra de Paranapiacaba, ca. 80 km SW of São Paulo, in a light and humid rainforest along the Rio Juquiá , 700 m, 24°00’ S, 47°20’ W, 24 March 1978, K. Kalb & G. Plöbst (herb. Kalb 39361) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa, longitudinal section through thallus showing the periclinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a prosoplectenchyma characterizing Heterodermia s.lat. (scale 20 µm). B. Physcia erumpens, longitudinal section through thallus showing the anticlinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a paraplectenchyma, characteristic for Physcia s.lat. C. Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata, lobes dichotomously branched, ribbon-like with conspicuous long marginal rhizines. D. Polyblastidium subneglectum (Elix) Kalb, comb. nov., Mycobank MB 813851, Basionym: Heterodermia subneglecta Elix, Australas. Lichenol. 68: 17 (2011), lobes irregularly to sympodially branched, appressed to the substrate not or only slightly ascending towards the tips. E. Heterodermia galactophylla, tufts of apically ascending lobes with white marginal rhizines. F. Heterodermia comosa, thallus subfruticose, lobes affixed mainly near the base, with paddle-shaped tips and white cilia.

FIGURE 12. A. Heterodermia archeri, holotype (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia galactophylla, apothecia with ciliate exciple (scale 1 mm). C. Heterodermia hypochraea, holotype (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia incana (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia podocarpa (scale 1.5 mm). F. Heterodermia stellata, lectotype (scale 1 mm).