Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828

Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László & Gyulai, Péter, 2015, A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae), Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2), pp. 147-188 : 148-150

Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828

Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 , EuropaeorumLepidopterorumIndexMethodicus: 69. Type- species: Phalaenasaponariae BorkHausen, 1792, bysubsequentdesignationbyDuponcHel, 1829.

Taxonomy. THegenus Heliophobus appearsasacompactandclearly defined, monopHyleticlineageWitHintHe Sideridis Hübner, 1821 – Conisania Hampson, 1905 cladeoftHesubfamilyHadeninae. THeentirecladecanbe cHaracterisedbyseveralsHaredfeaturesoftHemalegenitalia, e. g. tHealmost symmetricalvalvae, tHereducedHarpe, tHeWelldevelopedsaccularexten- sions, andtHedistalfasciaofcornutiintHevesica, etc. THiscommonbasic structureoftHemalegenitalia (tHe “ Sideridis - type ” claspingapparatus) istHe mainreasonoftHedifferentevaluationoftHesupraspecificcategoriesWitHin tHegenericcomplex. THedifferent – lumpingorsplitting – conceptsabouttHe taxonomicinterpretationoftHemainlineages ( Sideridis, Colonsideridis Beck, 1991 , Aneda SukHareva, 1973 , Heliophobus , Conisania, Luteohadena Beck, 1991 , Saragossa Staudinger, 1900 and Dianthivora Varga et Ronkay, 1991 ) led to tHe frequentcHangesoftHeirrank. THe Heliophobus lineageappearsasclearly monopHyletic, andrepresentsaratHerbasalbrancHontHepHyletictreeoftHe genericcomplex. Itssupposedsister- groupisnoneoftHeabove- mentioned supraspecifictaxabutanunnamedlineagerepresentedbyasinglespecies, “ Polia ” costirufa Draudt, 1950. THus, intHeopinionoftHeautHors, isbetter interpretedasadistinctgenustHanasubgenusof Sideridis .

THegenusincludestWomainspecies- groups, tHe reticulata – unicolor and tHe texturata – kitti groups. THereareconspicuousdifferencesbetWeentHetWo mainlineagesintHeWingpatternandsomeotHerexternalfeatures, andtHe differencesintHestructureoftHegenitaliaofbotHsexesareessential. Itcanbe stated, basedontHe „groundplan” oftHegenitaliaoftHetWodifferentgroups, tHattHeclaspingapparatusoftHe H. texturata – H. kitti lineageHaspartlylost itsabilityforfixingtHefemalebody, buttHisfunctionHasbeentakenoverby tHeWindingandsclerotisationoftHefemaleductusbursaeandtHestronger vesicaoftHemales.

Diagnosis. THeexternalappearanceoftHeadultsisverycHaracteristic andeasilyrecognisable. THisforeWingpatternWitHtHecontrasting, WHitisH orocHreous- WHitefillingoftHeantemedialandpostmedialcrosslines, tHe similarlyWHiteorWHitisHsubterminalline, tHepalecoveringontHeveins andtHeWHiteorWHitisHoutlinesoftHeorbicularandreniformstigmataon adarkbroWnorgreygroundisagroupfeatureoftHegenus. Similarcol- ourationmayappearincertainotHernoctuidgroupsliketHenotveryclosely related, subtropicalHadenine Dictyestra Sugi, 1982 ortHexylenine Genoveva eximia Zilli, Varga, RonkayetRonkay, 2009 ).

THediagnosticfeaturesoftHemalegenitaliaaretHeWelldevelopedcu- cullusWitHmostlyslenderneck, tHereductionoftHedigitusonatleastone side, tHelarge, flattened, falciformormoon- sHapedsaccularextension, and tHelong, axis- likesclerotizedribbonoftHeproximalHalfoftHevesica. THe vesicaislong, tubular, Helicoidorrecurved (notT-sHaped); tHearmatureof tHevesicaisvariable, displayingtWomaintypes. THevesicaintHe reticulata - groupisHelicoid, WitHoutbasalandmedialcornutibutWitHlongbrusH-like distalfieldofcornuti; tHatoftHetaxaoftHe texturata -groupisreclinatedor- sally and armed by groups and roWs of fine spinules in tHe basal and medial sectionsWHiletHedistalbrusH-likefieldisreduced, sHortandWeak.

THefemalegenitaliasHoWtHemainfeaturesoftHe “ Sideridis – Conisania ” groundplanWitHtHemedium- longandconicalovipositor, tHesclerotised antrumandductusbursae, tHeWell- developedappendixbursaeandtHesacculiformcorpusbursaeWitHlong, interruptedsignum- stripes. THefemale genitaliaoftHetWospecies- groupsareeasilydistinguisHedbytHestructure oftHeductusbursaeandtHeappendixbursae; tHeductusbursaeoftHe reticulata -groupissHortandstraigHt, andtHeappendixbursaeisHelicoid, WHiletHe ductusbursaeoftHemembersoftHe texturata -groupisconsiderablylonger andratHerS-sHaped, andtHeappendixbursaeissHorterbutstrongersclero- tised.

THedetailedcHaracterisationoftHetWomainspecies- groupsandtHeir speciesisgivenintHefolloWingsection.