Heliophobus nepalensis Plante, 1982

Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László & Gyulai, Péter, 2015, A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae), Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2), pp. 147-188 : 179-181

Heliophobus nepalensis Plante, 1982 , bona sp.

( Figs 32 –36,117–122)

Heliophobus nepalensis Plante, 1982 , Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 87: 287, figs 3–4. Type- locality: Nepal, Langtang, KyangjinGompa. Holotype: male, incoll. Plante (coll. MuseumofNaturalHistory, Geneva).

Typematerialexamined. Holotypemale , Nepal, Langtang, KyangjinGompa, 3900 m, 3–5. VI .1976, leg. & coll. J. Plante; slide No. 705 J. Plante (NHM Geneva). Paratypes. 1 male, 2 females, WitHtHesamedataastHeHolotype, slideNo. VZ2429mVarga, incoll. NHMGenevaandcoll. Vartian , NHMW .

Additionalmaterialexamined. Nepal. 1 male, 1 female, AnnapurnaHimal , Noma pasture, 11 km SE Jomsom, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slide Nos RL 9719m, RL9719f Ronkay (coll. G. Ronkay); 1 male, AnnapurnaHimal , THadung, 5kmSEJomsom, 3450 m, 28°46’N, 83°46’E, 14. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slide No. 310m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, 3 females, Annapurna Himal , 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1966, leg. Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slide Nos 266m, 267f, 307f, 309f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 4 males, 2 females, Annapurna Himal , 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László and G. Ronkay , slide Nos 388m, 389m, 394m, 395m, 397f, 399fSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. FábiánBudapest) ; 1 female, Annapurna Himal , 10 km SE Jomsom, 3800m, 28°45’N, 83°48’E, 10.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slideNo. 315fSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, An- napurna Himal , 4000 m, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 17–18.VII. 1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slideNo. 308mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, Annapurna Himal , 4000 m, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 17–18.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay , slideNo. 392mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) ; 2 females, AnnapurnaHimal , 11 kmSEofJomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) ; 1 female, AnnapurnaHimal , THadung, 5 kmSEofJomsom, 3450 m, 28°46’N, 83°46’E, 8. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) .

Diagnosis. Heliophobusnepalensis differsexternallyfromtHerelatedspe- ciesbytHecolourationofbotHWingsandtHecertainelementsoftHeforeWing markings. THeforeWinggroundcolourof H. nepalensis isgenerallybroWn, WitHoutgreyisH, reddisHorolivesHade; tHeforeWingsof H. texturata Have greyisH Hue; tHose of H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus are finely reddisH, WHile H. bulcsui HasolivesHade. THedistinctivefeaturesoftHeforeWingpatternare tHeconspicuouslybroadandWHitisHantemediallinetHatisaccentuatedby broaddarkborderandtHepostmediallinetHatmostlybecomestobroWn, taperingandobsolescentfromtHemiddleveintoWardstHecostalmargin. THe HindWing of H. nepalensis is usually broWn like in H. aequalifuscus , WHile tHeHindWingsoftHeotHertHreesiblingspeciesaregrey, excepttHebroWn colouredfemaleHindWingof H. bulcsui .

In tHe male genitalia, tHe uncus of H. nepalensis is broader tHan in H. texturata , H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus ; tHe apex of vinculum is broadly rounded, despitetHeratHerpointedvinculumoftHecloserelatives; tHetipoftHesaccular extension is rounded (like in a part of specimens of H. texturata ), WHile tHesaccularextensionof H. kitti isseeminglypointed, tHatof H. aequalifuscus is really pointed and of H. bulcsui is truncated. THe cucullus is turned usually at a rigHt angle, like in H. bulcsui , but tHis angle is usually blunt in H. texturata , H. kitti and Haequalifuscus. THevesicaof H. nepalensis isrecurvedtoWardstHe aedeagus, tHatof H. texturata isturnedtotHerigHtatarigHtangle, tHevesica is tWisted WitH one coil in H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus , WHile tHe vesica of H. bulcsui isrecurvedorovercurved, producingacoil. THeproximalpartoftHe vesica is comparatively narroW, similarly to tHose of H. bulcsui and H aequalifuscus ; tHispartoftHevesicaisbroadin H. texturata and H. kitti . THelengtH oftHevesicalstitcHextendsaboutone- tHirdofvesica (asin H. bulcsui and H. aequalifuscus ), WHiletHevesicalstickof H. texturata and H. kitti isconsiderably longer. THedorsalroWofspinesbetWeentHetWolargegroupsofspinesis stronglydevelopedin H. nepalensis ; tHisroWofspinesissparsein H. texturata and H. kitti , beingpracticallyabsentin H. bulcsui , WHiletHeproximalgroup ofspinesisabsentin H. aequalifuscus . THecornutifieldoftHevesicalglansis long and strong in botH H. nepalensis and H. bulcsui , despite tHe ratHer sHort and Weak cornuti field of H. texturata and H. kitti , WHile tHe cornuti field of H. aequalifuscus isabsent.

IntHefemalegenitalia, tHerecurvedpartofductusbursaeof H. nepalensis isverysHort, mucHsHortertHanin H. kitti , andtHeappendixbursaedoesnot turnedtotHebacksideofcorpusbursae (asHaredfeatureWitH H. bulcsui ), in spite of H. kitti and often of H. texturata .

Redescription. Wingspan 35–39 mm. HeadandcollardarkbroWn, latterWitHligHt edges; tegulaedarkbroWn, WitHblackandsilverymarkings; medialcrestandmetatHo- racictuftdarkbroWnWitHligHtbroWnedges; abdomenandabdominalridgesbroWn. ForeWingratHerbroad, costalmarginsligHtlyarcuate; apexfinelypointed; groundcolour darkbroWn, veinsgenerallyWHitisH, WitHstrongerdarkirrorationinmarginalarea; in- tervenalareasWitHWHitisHorpalebroWnstreaks. Antemediallineconsiderablybroader andligHtertHanpostmedialline, definedbyblackisHspotsatinnerandbytHickstreakat outerside; medianfasciaWaved, diffuseorobsolescent, darkbroWn; upperpartofpost- mediallinetaperingtoWardscosta, becomingmorebroWnisHandobsolescent; postmedial linedefinedbyblackisHatinnerandbypalebroWnspotsatouterside. Orbicularand reniformstigmataencircledbyWHitisHanddarklines; formerfilledbyligHtbroWn, latter bygroundcolour, WitHpalecentralstreak; claviformstigmaanindistinctlyoutlineddark patcH. SubterminallinebroWnisH-WHite, sHarplydefined, sligHtlyzigzagged; arroWHead spotsnotfusedbutmainlyobsolescent; terminallinefine, ocHreous, definedbysmaller orlargerdarktriangles. FringescHequeredbydarkandligHtstripes, medialstripedark broWn, outeredgeligHtbroWn. HindWingbroWn, graduallypalertoWardsbase, costal areaandmarginalfieldbroadlydarkbroWn; veinsdarkened; discalspotsmallbutWell- discernible; transverselinedeleted. Terminallinediffuse, darkbroWn; baseoffringesyel- loWisH, medianstripedarkbroWn, outertHirdpalebroWn. UndersideofforeWingbroWn suffused; innermarginpalerbroWnisH-grey, postmedialandsubterminallinesratHerdark; terminalareapaler. UndersideofHindWingligHtbroWnisH-grey, costalandmarginalareas WitHdarkbroWnsuffusion; discalspotandtransverselineclearlymarked, inneredgeof marginalareafolloWedbyfinedarkline.

Malegenitalia ( Figs 117–120 ). ClaspingapparatussligHtlyasymmetrical: rigHtvalva sligHtlybroadertHanleftone. Uncusbroad, pointed, WitHnarroWneck; fulturainferior broadlydeltoidal; vinculumalmostU-sHaped, WitHtinyprominenceatventralextremity. Sacculusbroad; clavussmootHexceptofonesmalltHick; saccularextensionarcuate, its tiproundedorWitHunevenedges; rigHtextensionbroadertHanleftone. BotHdigituses reducedtosmallbutWell- visibleremnants; cuculluslarge, coronaandmacrotricHaeWell- developed, rigHtcucullussomeWHatlargertHanleftone; neckofcucullusnarroW, arcuate, turnedtoWardsvalvalendoftenatrigHtangle. Aedeaguslong, tubular, distallytapering; coecumpenisbroad, rounded; carinalplatenarroW, sclerotised, WitHopeningdistaltHorn. Vesicatubular, recurvedtoWardsdistalendofaedeagus, taperingonlysligHtlyfromcom- parativelynarroWproximalparttodistalend; vesicalglansWelldiscernible. VesicalstitcH sHort, extendingfromcarinaltHeopeningtHorntoaboutone- tHirdoflengtHofvesica. DorsalroWofspinesbeginsatWideproximalpartofvesicaWitHaratHersmallgroupof spinesandextendstodistalpart, WHerebecomesbroadandstrong; vesicalglansarmedby comparativelylongandstrongcornutifield.

Femalegenitalia ( Figs 121–122 ). OvipositorratHersHort, gonapopHysessHort; ostium bursaeandantrumbroad, sclerotised. Ductusbursaelong (itsentirelengtHcatWiceaslong asovipositor- ostiumcomplex), WitHsclerotisedfoldsandlobes; posteriorsectionWitHlobe receivingopeningcarinaltHorn, medialsectionratHerS-sHaped, WitHdeepcurveatrigHt angleatrigHtside, continuinginalongtransverseandafurtHercranio- caudallydirected part, anteriorsectionverysHort, recurved. AppendixbursaeWide, sclerotised, oblique, Hook- like, joiningtosclerotizeddistalendofcorpusbursae; corpusbursaemembranous, broadlyelliptical, WitHfoursHortroWsofsigna.

Bionomics. Heliophobusnepalensis occursintHeHigHaltitudenon- arbore- albeltsoftHeNepalHimalaya, inbetWeen 3450–4100 melevations. THemain HabitatsarericHsubalpinemeadoWsWitHsparselyWoodedpatcHes, open rockyslopesandalpinegrasslands. THemotHsareontHeWing, depending ontHeactuallocality, fromtHebeginningofJunetotHebeginningofAugust.

Distribution. THespeciesisrecordedonlyfromNepal, tHeIndianSik- kimandKasHmir.

Figures

Figs 31–45. 31 = Heliophobus kitti (ScHaWerda, 1914): female, Mongolia, Central aimak. 32– 36 = H. nepalensis Plante, 1982: 32–33 = males, 34–35 = females, all from Nepal, Annapurna Himal, 36 = male, Tibet, Gyantse. 37–41 = H. texturata (AlpHéraky, 1892): 37 = male, CHina, BigCHinganMts, 38 = female, CHina, Gansu, 39 = lectotype, female, CHina, Tibet, Amdo, 40 = male, Mongolia, Tövaimak, 41 = paralectotype, male, CHina, Tibet, Amdo. 42–45 = H. bulcsui sp. n.: 42 = Holotype, male, N. Pakistan, Karimabad, 43 = paratype, male, Pakistan, Karimabad, 44 = paratype, female, CHina, Yunnan, 45 = paratype, female, CHina, Yunnan.

Figs 104–118. Genitalia of Heliophobus species: 104–109 = H. texturata (AlpHéraky, 1892), 110–116 = H. kitti (ScHaWerda, 1914), 117–118 = H. nepalensis Plante, 1982.

Figs 119–132. Genitalia of Heliophobus species: 119–122 = H. nepalensis Plante, 1982, 123–132 = H. bulcsui sp. n.