Ischnocolus valentinus, (DUFOUR, 1820)

Korba, Jan, Opatova, Vera, Calatayud-Mascarell, Arnau, Enguídanos, Alba, Bellvert, Adrià, Adrián, Silvia, Sánchez-Vialas, Alberto & Arnedo, Miquel A, 2022, Systematics and phylogeography of western Mediterranean tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196 (2), pp. 845-884 : 866-870

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac042

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7184528

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED8788-FFCB-612F-F3B0-D825435DFD1C

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Ischnocolus valentinus
status

 

ISCHNOCOLUS VALENTINUS ( DUFOUR, 1820) View in CoL

( FIGS 5A–B View Figure 5 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 9A View Figure 9 , 10A View Figure 10 , 13A View Figure 13 , 18A–N View Figure 18 , 19A–G, 20A–F)

Mygale valentina Dufour (1820: 101 ; description of male).

Mygale valenciana: Walckenaer (1837: 228) .

Trechona valentina: Thorell (1870: 168) .

Ischnocolus holosericus L.Koch , in Ausserer (1871: 186; description of juvenile); Simon (1892: 136, fig. 119); Bacelar (1932: 171); Smith (1990: 129, figs 819–829; description of female).

Ischnocolus triangulifer Ausserer (1871: 186 View in CoL ; description of juvenile); Bacelar (1932: 171).

Avicularia andalusiaca Simon (1873: 197 , pl. 1, fig. 2; description of male and female); Bacelar (1932: 171, figs. 3–5).

Ischnocolus algericus Thorell View in CoL (1875: 123, description of male). Simon (1903: 925, figs. 1070–1071, m).

Ischnocolus fuscostriatus Simon (1885: 41 View in CoL ; description of male).

Leptopelma cavicola Simon (1889: 396 ; description of male and female, burrow structure; 1909: 8); Reimoser (1919: 7); Roewer (1942: 222); Bonnet (1957: 2395); Benoit (1964: 414, figs 1, 2; male and female).

Ischnocolus maroccanus Simon (1873: 199 View in CoL ; description of male and female).

Ischnocolus numidus Simon (1909: 9 View in CoL ; description of male).

Ischnocolus tripolitanus Caporiacco (1937: 57 View in CoL ; description of female).

Ischnocolus valentinus: Ausserer (1871: 186) View in CoL ; Guadanucci & Wendt (2014: 391; description of male and female); Zonstein (2018: 114; description of male) (synonymy of Nemesia cavicola ); Montemor et al. (2020: 89, fig. 9C, D); Tamajón Gómez et al. (2020: 165).

Type material: Type locality Moixent , Valencian Community, Spain. Female neotype deposited at BMNH, examined .

Material examined: Spain: 1♂, 1♀ ( CRBAMM000941 , CRBAMM000930), province of Cádiz , El Bosque, 36°26 ′ 50 ″ N, 5°22 ′ 19 ″ W, 27.iii.2010 (M. A. Ferrández leg.) GoogleMaps . 3♀♀ ( CRBAMM000965 , CRBAMM000966, CRBAMM000967), province of Cádiz , Grazalema, 36°27 ′ 28 ″ N, 5°17 ′ 34 ″ W, 28.iii.2010 (M. A. Ferrández leg.) GoogleMaps . 1♀ ( CRBAMM000948 ), province of Sevilla , Castaño, 36°33 ′ 58 ″ N, 5°15 ′ 14 ″ W, 27.iii.2010 (M. A. Ferrández leg.) GoogleMaps . 1♂, 1♀ ( CRBAMM 0 0 0 9 8 0, CRBAMM000986), province of Sevila , Coripe, 36°35 ′ 20 ″ N, 5°17 ′ 34 ″ W, 27.iii.2010 (M. A. Ferrández leg.) GoogleMaps . 1♀ ( CRBAMM000141 ), province of Almería , La Rambla del Aljibe, 37°16 ′ 20 ″ N, 2°02 ′ 24 ″ W, 21.XI.2009 (E. Planas & V. Opatova leg.) GoogleMaps . 1 juv. ( CRBAME000858 ), province of Málaga , Torcal de Antequera, 36°57 ′ 43 ″ N, 4°31 ′ 06 ″ W, 12.VI.2011 (E. Mora, V. Opatova & P. Sousa leg.) GoogleMaps . Morocco: 2♀♀, 5 juv. ( CRBAMM000386 , C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 8 7, C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 8 8 C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 8 9, C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 9 0 CRBAMM000391, CRBAMM000392), province of Azilal , near Ouzoud falls, 31°57 ′ 35 ″ N, 6°46 ′ 05 ″ W, 10.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova & M. Arnedo leg.) GoogleMaps . 2♀♀, 1♂, 3 juv. ( CRBAMM000393 , CRBAMM000395, C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 9 6, C R B A M M 0 0 0 3 9 8 CRBAMM000399, CRBAMM 000400), province of Azilal , Tilouguite, 32°05 ′ 04 ″ N, 6 °20 ′ 00 ″ W GoogleMaps ,

10.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova & M. Arnedo leg.). 1 juv. ( CRBAMM000450 ), province of Fés , Djebel Zalach, 34°06 ′ 23 ″ N, 4°58 ′ 10 ″ W GoogleMaps , 12.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova & M.Arnedo leg.). 1 juv. ( CRBAMM000485 ), province of Oujda , Ain Sfa, 34°49 ′ 28 ″ N, 2°05 ′ 12 ″ W GoogleMaps , 14.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova & M. Arnedo leg.). 3 juv. ( CRBAMM000564 , CRBAMM000565, CRBAMM000566), province of Tetuán , Beni Yder Cherki, 35°23 ′ 08 ″ N, 5°31 ′ 20 ″ W GoogleMaps , 17.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova, M. Arnedo leg.). 2 juv. ( CRBAMM000493 , CRBAMM000583), province of Berkane , Beni Snassen, 34°48 ′ 12 ″ N, 2°23 ′ 48 ″ W GoogleMaps , 1 4.IV.2 0 1 0 ( V. Opatova & M. Arnedo leg.). 1♀ ( CRBAMM 000366), province of Al Haouz, Asni, 31°11 ′ 22 ″ N, 8°03 ′ 27 ″ W, 9.IV.2010 ( V. Opatova & M. Arnedo leg.). GoogleMaps 1♂ (SMNS-Aran-1376), province of Murcia, Mula, 38°03 ′ 41 ″ N, 1°31 ′ 05 ″ W, 2005. GoogleMaps 1♂ ( CRBA) province of Berkane, Taforalt, Grotte des Pigeons , 34°48 ′ 52 ″ N, 2°24 ′ 10 ″ W, 15.iv.2002 (M. Arnedo & C. Hernando leg.) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis: Males can be distinguished from their congeners, except I. jickeli , by bearing only one spine apically along with dense concentration of spines on pro-ventral tibia I ( Figs 8 View Figure 8 , 18B–D View Figure 18 ). They further differ from all other Ischnocolus species by having straight embolus with narrowing tip ( Figs 7 View Figure 7 , 18J–M View Figure 18 ). Females differ from their congeners by having spermathecae as wide as long with several (> four) apical lobes ( Figs 5A, B View Figure 5 , 19F View Figure ).

Description: A detailed redescription is provided by Guadanucci & Wendt (2014) with male and female reproductive organ drawings and male spine pattern on tibia I. Additional photos and drawings of male bulbus are shown by Zonstein (2018), Tamajón Gómez et al. (2020) and Decae (in: Nentwig et al., 2020).

Distribution: Following our circumscription of I. valentinus to the ‘north’ lineage, the distribution of the species is more restricted than previously thought, as it only includes the Iberian Peninsula and northern Morocco ( Fig. 13A View Figure 13 ). The northernmost current localities are near Benidorm, in Alacant, Spain and the southernmost ones are located on the northern slopes of the High Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Previous studies have suggested the species occurrence extending as far east as Sicily, Tunisia and Libya ( Guadanucci & Wendt, 2014). Although the only Sicilian sample included in our phylogeny was recovered within the ‘north’ lineage (i.e. I. valentinus ), detailed morphological and molecular analyses of a more thorough specimen sampling in Algeria, Tunisia and Sicily will be required to confirm the status of the easternmost populations.

Natural history: Similar to I. mogadorensis , I. valentinus is an opportunistic species inhabiting natural cavities under and between rocks and tree roots. It usually covers the entrance with a dense, sheet web, sometimes resembling that of a funnelweb spider Macrothele calpeiana Walckenaer, 1805 or some Agelenidae . The burrow entrance can also sometimes resemble that made by I. elongatus , but the web of I. valentinus is less dense and more sheetlike ( Fig. 20E, F View Figure 20 ). The burrow of I. valentinus never forms a proper tube, but continues as an irregular hole connecting one or several natural underground cavities. Habitat preferences range from Mediterranean open grasslands to dense Aleppo pine ( Pinus halepensis Mill. ) or Barbary thuja ( Tetraclinis articulata ) forests.

V

Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium

R

Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Theraphosidae

Genus

Ischnocolus

Loc

Ischnocolus valentinus

Korba, Jan, Opatova, Vera, Calatayud-Mascarell, Arnau, Enguídanos, Alba, Bellvert, Adrià, Adrián, Silvia, Sánchez-Vialas, Alberto & Arnedo, Miquel A 2022
2022
Loc

Ischnocolus tripolitanus

di Caporiacco L 1937: 57
1937
Loc

Ischnocolus numidus

Simon E 1909: 9
1909
Loc

Ischnocolus algericus

Simon E 1903: 925
1903
Loc

Leptopelma cavicola

Roewer CF 1942: 222
Reimoser E 1919: 7
Simon E 1889: 396
1889
Loc

Ischnocolus fuscostriatus

Simon E 1885: 41
1885
Loc

Avicularia andalusiaca

Simon E 1873: 197
1873
Loc

Ischnocolus maroccanus

Simon E 1873: 199
1873
Loc

Ischnocolus holosericus L.Koch

Smith AM 1990: 129
Simon E 1892: 136
Ausserer A 1871: 186
1871
Loc

Ischnocolus triangulifer

Ausserer A 1871: 186
1871
Loc

Ischnocolus valentinus: Ausserer (1871: 186)

Montemor VM & West RC & Zamani A & Moradmand M & von Wirth V & Wendt I & Huber S & Guadanucci JPL 2020: 89
Zonstein SL 2018: 114
Guadanucci JPL & Wendt I 2014: 391
Ausserer A 1871: )
1871
Loc

Mygale valentina

Dufour L 1820: 101
1820
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