Gonatopus, Ljungh, 1810

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 480-482

Afrotropical Gonatopus Group 7: key to the ♀♀

1. Protarsomere 1 approximately twice as long as 4......................................... G. meridionalis (Benoit)

- Protarsomere 1 as long as, or shorter, or slightly longer than 4................................................. 2

2. Meso-metapleural suture obsolete or slightly distinct and incomplete............................................ 3

- Meso-metapleural suture distinct and complete............................................................ 32

3. Mesoscutum very long, approximately 3 × as long as broad ( Fig. 229B ).......................... G. longiusculus Olmi

- Mesoscutum shorter, less than 3 × as long as broad ( Fig. 207F )................................................ 4

4. Mesoscutum with two lateral pointed prominences ( Fig. 207F )................................................. 5

- Mesoscutum without lateral pointed prominences ( Fig. 209C )................................................ 17

5. Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae; shortest row extending beyond 0.5 × length of protarsomere 5 ( Figs 204E , 212E ) 6

- Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae ( Fig. 223E ) or with two rows (then shortest row not extending beyond 0.5 × length of protarsomere 5) ( Fig. 238A )............................................................................ 8

6. Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae beginning in proximal third of protarsomere ( Fig. 204E )... G. australis (Ceballos)

- Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae situated in distal half of protarsomere ( Figs 212E , 233C )................... 7

7. Larger species (length more than 2.5 mm), with head and mesosoma partly brown ( Fig. 217C )......... G. griswoldi Olmi

- Smaller species (length less than 2 mm), completely yellow-testaceous, except petiole black ( Fig. 228B )............................................................................ G. minutus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

8. Frons without longitudinal keels (except frontal line)........................................................ 9

- Frons with numerous longitudinal keels (in addition to frontal line)............................................ 13

9. Subapical tooth of enlarged claw very large ( Figs 228A, B ); mesoscutum yellow................... G. somerseti (Olmi)

- Subapical tooth of enlarged claw small ( Fig. 233A ); mesoscutum black or brown or testaceous...................... 10

10. Metapectal propodeal disc unsculptured.................................................................. 11

- Metapectal-propodeal disc granulate or sculptured by longitudinal striae........................................ 12

11. Top of metapectal-propodeal disc with slight median longitudinal furrow......................... G. masoalensis Olmi

- Top of metapectal-propodeal disc without median longitudinal furrow............................... G. benoiti Olmi

12. Head flat........................................................................ G. ankaratrus (Ceballos)

- Head strongly excavated.................................................................. G. capensis Brues

13. Metapectal-propodeal disc completely reticulate rugose; transverse striae on propodeal declivity and occasionally on meso- and metapleuron........................................................................................ 14

- Metapectal-propodeal disc differently sculptured (granulate, or unsculptured, or with longitudinal keels, or punctate)..... 15

14. Proximal half of enlarged claw slender ( Fig. 235A )........................................... G. paulyianus Olmi

- Proximal half of enlarged claw very broad ( Fig. 223E )............................................ G. macua Olmi

15. Head weakly excavated ( Fig. 230H )........................................................ G. pilosipes Brues

- Head distinctly excavated ( Fig. 209F ).................................................................... 16

16. Metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, unsculptured.............................................. G. guigliae (Benoit)

- Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, with numerous longitudinal keels.............................. G. seyrigi (Ceballos)

17. Mesosoma at least partly yellow-testaceous, or testaceous-reddish, occasionally with brown spots.................... 18

- Mesosoma totally or almost totally black................................................................. 27

18. Temple more sticking out ( Fig. 239C )................................................................... 19

- Temple less sticking out ( Fig. 208C )..................................................................... 22

19. Vertex distinctly excavated............................................................................ 20

- Vertex almost flat.................................................................................... 21

20. Metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, unsculptured........................................... G. rubrithorax (Benoit)

- Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, granulate..................................................... G. faustae Olmi

21. Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae ( Fig. 233E )............................................ G. mosseli Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with one row of bristles and one subdistal lamella ( Fig. 212F )...................... G. grobbelaari Olmi

22. Body totally yellow-testaceous, or ferruginous, except petiole black............................................ 23

- Body at least partly black, or brown, or dark.............................................................. 26

23. Metapectal-propodeal disc sloping markedly anteriorly ( Figs 209B , 230A )...................................... 24

- Metapectal-propodeal disc sloping weakly anteriorly ( Fig. 209I ).............................................. 25

24. Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae ( Fig. 211D ); subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated nearer apex ( Fig. 211D )............................................................................................ G. ericeti Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae ( Fig. 233D ); subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated farther from apex ( Fig. 233D )........................................................................ G. mirus Olmi & van Harten

25. Metapectal-propodeal disc more slender ( Fig. 209H ), shiny and unsculptured........................ G. hyalinus Olmi

- Metapectal-propodeal disc less slender ( Fig. 209C ), dull and granulate.............................. G. faustae Olmi

26. Mesoscutellum and metapectal-propodeal disc black, except apex of propodeal-declivity reddish........... G. ridens Olmi

- Mesoscutellum and metapectal-propodeal disc reddish, or yellow, or testaceous, with black or brown nuances on meso- and metapleuron and occasionally on mesoscutellum.............................................. G. communis Olmi

27. Propodeal declivity not transversely striate................................................................ 28

- Propodeal declivity transversely striate................................................................... 29

28. Head almost flat....................................................................... G. luteipes (Benoit)

- Head distinctly excavated............................................................ G. transvaalensis Olmi

29. Metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, unsculptured............................................................ 30

- Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, granulate, or with many slight longitudinal striae................................. 31

30. Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae situated both in proximal and distal half ( Fig. 206B )....... G. bekilyanus (Benoit)

- Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae situated in distal half ( Fig. 234A )......................... G. natalensis Olmi

31. Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae situated both in proximal and distal half ( Fig. 215D ).......... G. incognitus Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae situated in distal half ( Fig. 238E ).................... G. transvaalensis Olmi

32. Temple with strong sharp carina ( Fig. 209D ).............................................................. 33

- Temple without sharp carina ( Fig. 218A )................................................................. 35

33. ropodeal declivity granulate, not transversely striate; mesoscutum very long, about 4 × as long as broad........................................................................ G. chiruanus Olmi, Guglielmino, Natha & Nota Alfredo

- Propodeal declivity transversely striate; mesoscutum shorter, about 2–3 × as long as broad.......................... 34

34. Mesoscutum very long, approximately 2.5–3.0 × as long as broad; temple rugose................ G. leptothorax Ceballos

- Mesoscutum shorter, about twice as long as broad; temple smooth.................................... G. fortis Olmi

35. Mesoscutum very long, approximately 2.5–3.0 × as long as broad............................................. 36

- Mesoscutum shorter, twice or less than twice as long as broad................................................ 37

36. Head almost flat........................................................................ G. omanensis Olmi

- Head deeply excavated ( Fig. 218B )........................... G. koebergensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

37. Metapectal-propodeal disc with strong median furrow....................................................... 38

- Metapectal-propodeal disc without strong median furrow, or only with slight track of median furrow.................. 46

38. Metanotum with sides rounded ( Fig. 207A )............................................................... 39

- Metanotum with sides rising to either a rounded or a sharp lateral prominence ( Fig. 208I ).......................... 40

39. Mesoscutum without lateral pointed apophyses ( Fig. 207A ).................................... G. aethiopicus Olmi

- Mesoscutum with two lateral pointed apophyses ( Fig. 229D ).................................... G. maritimus Olmi

40. Metanotum about coplanar to mesoscutellum ( Fig. 209A ).................................................... 41

- Metanotum deeply excavated behind mesoscutellum ( Fig. 232B ).............................................. 43

41. Metanotum flat ( Fig. 209A ); mesoscutum very slender, about twice as long as broad ( Fig. 208I ); mesosoma brown-reddish......................................................................................... G. delvarei Olmi

- Metanotum sloping anteriorly ( Fig. 240E ); mesoscutum less slender, slightly longer than broad ( Fig. 240D )............ 42

42. Enlarged claw with small peg-like setae ( Fig. 238C ); mesosoma black............................ G. tananarivei Olmi

- Enlarged claw with very large lamellae ( Fig. 222C ); mesosoma testaceous-reddish................. G. karibibensis Olmi

43. Head almost flat, completely granulate, dull................................................. G. okahandjae Olmi

- Head excavated, unsculptured or partly granulate, shiny..................................................... 44

44. Protarsomere 5 with lamellae situated in distal half ( Fig. 204D )................................... G. armatus Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with lamellae situated in medial and proximal regions ( Figs 222A , 236C )........................... 45

45. Head and mesosoma almost totally black....................................................... G. johnsi Olmi

- Head and mesosoma totally testaceous-reddish................................................. G. schierli Olmi

46. Mesopleuron with lateral pointed apophysis ( Fig. 240F ) or prominence ( Fig. 208A )............................... 47

- Mesopleuron without lateral pointed apophysis ( Fig. 208E ).................................................. 50

47. Mesoscutum with two lateral pointed apophyses ( Fig. 208A )................................................. 48

- Mesoscutum without lateral pointed apophyses ( Figs 225A , 240F )............................................. 49

48. Mesopleuron with lateral prominence ( Fig. 208A )......................................... G. camerounensis Olmi

- Mesopleuron with lateral pointed apophysis ( Fig. 213C )............. G. gumovskyi Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

49. Metapectal-propodeal disc unsculptured........................................................ G. taylori Olmi

- Metapectal-propodeal disc transversely striate..................... G. harinhalai Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

50. Mesoscutum without lateral pointed apophyses ( Fig. 208E ).................................................. 51

- Mesoscutum with two lateral pointed apophyses ( Fig. 207F ).................................................. 58

51. Metanotum not excavated behind mesoscutellum ( Fig. 240B )........................ G. shoanus Ponomarenko & Olmi

- Metanotum deeply excavated behind mesoscutellum ( Fig. 208F ).............................................. 52

52. Protarsomere 5 with apex very long (see fig. 211A).......................................... G. cornutus (Benoit)

- Protarsomere 5 with apex shorter (see figs 211B, 223G)..................................................... 53

53. Enlarged claw without small subapical tooth ( Fig. 211B )...................................... G. cuambensis Olmi

- Enlarged claw with small subapical tooth ( Fig. 223G )....................................................... 54

54. Mesosoma ferruginous ( Figs 228A , 242A )................................................................ 55

- Mesosoma completely or mostly black................................................................... 56

55. Head flat; metapectal-propodeal disc dull, granulate; subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated nearer apex ( Fig. 223G )........................................................................................... G. martellii Olmi

- Head excavated ( Fig. 242D ); metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, unsculptured ( Fig. 242C ); subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated farther from apex ( Fig. 241D )............................. G. wikstrandae Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

56. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeal declivity granulate, not transversely striate................ G. zambianus Olmi

- Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeal declivity granulate and strongly transversely striate....................... 57

57. Protarsomere 5 with one row of lamellae ( Fig. 204F )................................................................................................................. G. avontuurensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Protarsomere 5 with two rows of lamellae ( Fig. 241C )........................................ G. upembanus Olmi

58. Metanotum about coplanar to mesoscutellum ( Fig. 207G ) or very slightly excavated ( Fig. 207H )..................... 59

- Metanotum deeply excavated behind mesoscutellum ( Fig. 230D ).............................................. 62

59. Metapectal-propodeal disc unsculptured.................................................................. 60

- Metapectal-propodeal disc sculptured by many longitudinal striae, or partly smooth and partly rugose................. 61

60. Head and mesosoma yellow-reddish or ferruginous or yellow-testaceous; head shiny, unsculptured........ G. benoiti Olmi

- Head black, except mandible, clypeus, small area between antennal toruli, malar space and narrow stripe near malar space along orbits testaceous; mesosoma brown-black; head dull, granulate.... G. ranomafanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

61. Enlarged claw with subapical tooth farther from apex ( Fig. 236D ); lateral pointed apophyses of mesoscutum situated far from mesoscutellum ( Fig. 240A )............................................................... G. sensitivus Olmi

- Enlarged claw with subapical tooth close to apex ( Fig. 206A ); lateral pointed apophyses of mesoscutum situated at the border with mesoscutellum ( Fig. 207D )............................................................. G. baginei Olmi

62. Mesosoma completely or almost completely black (in some specimens, apex of propodeal declivity reddish and pronotum partly brown or brown-testaceous)...................................................................... 63

- Mesosoma reddish-dark, or reddish-light, or yellow-reddish, broadly brown, or brown-reddish...................... 69

63. Subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated very near apex ( Fig. 234B )........................................... 64

- Subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated very far from apex ( Figs 222B , 234F ).................................. 65

64. Enlarged claw long, straight and slender ( Fig. 234B ); metanotum longer ( Fig. 230D )......................................................................................... G. nigropictus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Enlarged claw shorter and curved ( Fig. 236B ); metanotum shorter ( Fig. 239F )..................... G. savanensis Olmi

65. Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, with granulate................................................ G. operosus Olmi

- Metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, unsculptured, or dull, transversely striate, or sculptured by longitudinal keels......... 66

66. Metanotum with sides protruding; protrusions rounded ( Fig. 226C ); metapectal-propodeal disc sculptured by many longitudinal striae....................................................... G. kanyawarus Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino

- Metanotum with sides rounded (metapectal-propodeal disc fusiform) ( Fig. 240G ); metapectal-propodeal disc completely unsculptured, or sculptured by many transverse or longitudinal striae.............................................. 67

67. Metanotum shorter ( Fig. 243A ); metapectal-propodeal disc partly sculptured by more or less numerous transverse striae........................................................................................ G. tulearensis Olmi

- Metanotum longer ( Fig. 240H ); metapectal-propodeal disc completely unsculptured or sculptured by many longitudinal striae.................................................................................................. 68

68. Metapectal-propodeal disc shiny, completely unsculptured................................ G. trochantericus (Benoit)

- Metapectal-propodeal disc sculptured by many longitudinal keels, granulate or unsculptured among keels......................................................................... G. rugithorax Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

69. Head flat.............................................................................. G. kolyadai Olmi

- Head excavated..................................................................................... 70

70. Propodeal declivity granulate, not transversely striate, or slightly striate, or striate only near posterior extremity; metapectalpropodeal disc granulate.................................................................. G. patrizii Benoit

- Propodeal declivity distinctly completely transversely striate; metapectal-propodeal disc unsculptured, or reticulate rugose, or granulate.......................................................................................... 71

71. Metapectal-propodeal disc unsculptured (or occasionally slightly striate)........................... G. turneri (Benoit)

- Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, reticulate rugose or granulate...................................... G. aestivus Olmi

Figures

FIGURE 204. Chelae of holotypes: Gonatopus species of group 7. A: G. aestivus Olmi. B: G. aethiopicus Olmi. C: G. ankaratrus (Ceballos). D: G. armatus Olmi. E: G. australis (Ceballos). F: G. avontuurensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov. Scale bar: A: 0.08 mm; B: 0.13 mm; C, F: 0.07 mm; D: 0.06 mm; E: 0.12 mm.

FIGURE 206. Chelae of Gonatopus species holotypes. A: G. baginei Olmi. B: G. bekilyanus (Benoit). C: G. benoiti Olmi. D: G. camerounensis Olmi. Scale bar: A: 0.11 mm; B, C: 0.07 mm; D: 0.06 mm.

FIGURE 207. Gonatopus species. A: G. aethiopicus Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. B, C: G. avontuurensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (B); mesosoma in lateral view (C). D, E: G. baginei Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (D); mesosoma in lateral view (E). F, G, H: G. benoiti Olmi: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity of holotype in lateral view (G); mesosoma of ♀ from Madagascar, 14°01.3’S 48°25.1’E, in dorsal (F) and lateral (H) view. I: G. camerounensis Olmi: head of holotype in frontal view. Scale bar: A: 1.06 mm; B, G: 0.68 mm; C: 1.03 mm; D: 1.11 mm; E: 1.60 mm; F: 0.98 mm; H: 1.00 mm; I: 0.31 mm.

FIGURE 208. Gonatopus species. A, B: G. camerounensis Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-pro- podeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (A); mesosoma in lateral view (B). C: G. communis Olmi, ♀ paratype: head in dorsal view. D–G: G. cornutus (Benoit), ♀ from South Africa, Uitkyk Pass: head in dorsal view (D); mesosoma in dorsal (E) and lateral (F) view. G: G. cornutus (Benoit), ♂ from Namibia, 89 km S Keetmanshoop: head in dorsal view. H: G. cuambensis Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesosoma in lateral view. I: G. delvarei Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-pro- podeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. Scale bar: A: 0.68 mm; B: 0.98 mm; C: 0.30 mm; D: 0.16 mm; E, F: 0.78 mm; G: 0.20 mm; H: 1.96 mm; I: 0.69 mm.

FIGURE 209. Gonatopus species. A: G. delvarei Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesosoma in lateral view. B: G. ericeti Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in lateral view. C: G. faustae Olmi, ♀ holo- type: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. D, E: G. fortis Olmi, ♀ holotype: head in dorsal view (D); mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (E). F, G: G. guigliae (Benoit), ♀ holotype: head in frontal view (F); mesosoma in lateral view (G). H, I: G. hyalinus Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal (H) and lateral (I) view. Scale bar: A: 1.06 mm; B: 0.71 mm; C: 0.90 mm; D: 0.26 mm; E: 0.71 mm; F: 0.42 mm; G: 2.21 mm; H, I: 0.55 mm.

FIGURE 211. Chelae of Gonatopus species. A: G. cornutus (Benoit): ♀ from South Africa, Uitkyk Pass. B: G. cuambensis Olmi, holotype. C: G. delvarei Olmi, holotype. D: G. ericeti Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.06 mm; B: 0.22 mm; C: 0.07 mm; D: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 212. Chelae of Gonatopus species. A: G. ericeti Olmi: ♀ from the United Arab Emirates, 25°23’N 56°10.1’E. B: G. ranomafanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., paratype. C: G. faustae Olmi, holotype. D: G. fortis Olmi, holotype. E: G. griswoldi Olmi, holotype. F: G. grobbelaari Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.09 mm; B, F: 0.08 mm; C: 0.13 mm; D: 0.07 mm; E: 0.06 mm.

FIGURE 213. Gonatopus gumovskyi Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (C; lateral pointed apophyses of mesopeluron indicated by arrows); head in frontal view (D). Scale bar: A, B: 5.75 mm; C: 0.87 mm; D: 1.32 mm.

FIGURE 215. Chelae of Gonatopus species. A: G. guigliae (Benoit): holotype. B: G. harinhalai Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype. C: G. hyalinus Olmi, holotype. D, E: G. incognitus Olmi: holotype (D); ♀ from South Africa, Blue Mountain Ranch Bed & Breakfast (E). Scale bar: A: 0.12 mm; B: 0.08 mm; C: 0.05 mm; D: 0.09 mm; E: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 217. Habitus of Gonatopus species. A, B: G. ranomafanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.: ♀ paratype in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. C, D: G. griswoldi Olmi: ♀ holotype in dorsal (C) and lateral (D) view. E, F: G. baginei Olmi: ♀ holotype in dorsal (E) and lateral (F) view.

FIGURE 218. Gonatopus koebergensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: mesosoma in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; head in frontal view (C); chela (D).

FIGURE 222. Chelae of Gonatopus species holotypes. A: G. johnsi Olmi. B: G. kanyawarus Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino. C: G. karibibensis Olmi. D: G. koebergensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov. E: G. kolyadai Olmi. Scale bar: A, E: 0.13 mm; B, D: 0.19 mm; C: 0.11 mm.

FIGURE 223. Chelae of Gonatopus species:A: G. leptothorax Ceballos, holotype. B: G. longiusculus Olmi, holotype. C, D: G. luteipes (Benoit): holotype (C); ♀ from Namibia, Okahandja (D). E: G. macua Olmi, holotype. F: G. maritimus Olmi, holotype. G: G. martellii Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A, B: 0.09 mm; C, D: 0.04 mm; E: 0.21 mm; F: 0.06 mm; G: 0.13 mm.

FIGURE 225. Habitus of Gonatopus species. A: G. harinhalai Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype in dorsal view. B, C: G. incognitus Olmi, ♂ from Nigeria, Ibadan, in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) view. Scale bar: A: 2.45 mm; B: 1.44 mm; C: 0.93 mm.

FIGURE 226. Gonatopus species. A–D: G. kanyawarus Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino, ♀ holotype: habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; head and mesosoma in dorsal view (C); head in frontal view (D). E: G. masoalensis Olmi, ♀ holotype in dorsal view. Scale bar: E: 3.52 mm.

FIGURE 228. Habitus of Gonatopus species. A: G. martellii Olmi, ♀ holotype in dorsal view. B: G. minutus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.: ♀ holotype in dorsal (B) view; head and mesosoma sculpture. Scale bar: A: 1.99 mm.

FIGURE 229. Gonatopus species. A: G. leptothorax Ceballos: ♀ from Lesotho, Mamathes, habitus in dorsal view. B: G. lon- giusculus Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. C: G. luteipes (Benoit), ♀ holotype: head in frontal view. D, E: G. maritimus Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (D); mesosoma in lateral view (E). F: G. incognitus Olmi, ♀ holotype: head in frontal view. G: G. masoalensis Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bar: A: 1.73 mm; B: 1.01 mm; C: 0.15 mm; D: 0.53 mm; E: 0.80 mm; F: 0.28 mm; G: 0.98 mm.

FIGURE 230. Gonatopus species.A: G. mirus Olmi & van Harten, ♀ holotype: mesosoma in lateral view. B: G. mosseli Olmi, ♀ holotype: head in dorsal view. C, D: G. nigropictus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: mesosoma in dorsal (C) and lateral (D) view.E–G: G. okahandjae Olmi: head of ♀ from Namibia, 27.6 km S Omaruru, in frontal view (E); mesos- cutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity of ♀ holotype in dorsal (F) and lateral (G) view. H: G. pilosipes Brues, ♀ holotype: head in frontal view. I: G. ranomafanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. Scale bar:A: 1.23 mm; B: 0.31 mm; C, D: 0.98 mm; E: 0.24 mm; F, G, I: 0.78 mm; H: 0.47 mm.

FIGURE 232. Habitus of Gonatopus species. A, B: G. okahandjae Olmi, ♀ from Yemen, Wadi Bana, in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. C: G. tulearensis Olmi: ♀ holotype in dorsal view. Scale bar: A: 2.28 mm; B: 1.65 mm.

FIGURE 233. Chelae of Gonatopus species holotypes. A: G. masoalensis Olmi. B: G. meridionalis (Benoit). C: G. minutus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov. D: G. mirus Olmi & van Harten. E: G. mosseli Olmi. Scale bar: A, B: 0.06 mm; B: 0.05 mm; C, D: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 234. Chelae of Gonatopus species holotypes. A: G. natalensis Olmi. B: G. nigropictus Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov. C: G. okahandjae Olmi. D: G. omanensis Olmi. E: G. patrizii Benoit. F: G. operosus Olmi. Scale bar: A: 0.05 mm; B: 0.06 mm; C, D, E: 0.07 mm; F: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 235. Chelae of Gonatopus species. A: G. paulyanus Olmi, holotype. B: G. pilosipes Brues, holotype. C: G. ranoma- fanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.: holotype. D: G. ridens Olmi, holotype. E, F: G. rubrithorax (Benoit): ♀♀ from Madagascar, Bereboka (E) and Berenty (F). G: G. rugithorax Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype. Scale bar:A: 0.13 mm; B: 0.14 mm; C: 0.07 mm; D, F, G: 0.06 mm; E: 0.08 mm.

FIGURE 236. Chelae of Gonatopus species. A: G. rugithorax Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ from South Africa, Sterboom Farm. B: G. savanensis Olmi, holotype. C: G. schierli Olmi, holotype. D: G. sensitivus Olmi, holotype. E: G. seyrigi (Benoit), holotype. F: G. shoanus Ponomarenko & Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A, C, F: 0.06 mm; B: 0.18 mm; D: 0.08 mm; E: 0.11 mm.

FIGURE 238. Chelae of Gonatopus species.A: G. somerseti (Olmi), holotype. B: G. somerseti (Olmi), enlarged claw of ♀ from South Africa, 33°44.090’S 21°55.651’E. C: G. tananarivei Olmi, holotype. D: G. taylori Olmi, holotype. E: G. transvaalensis Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.10 mm; B: 0.06 mm; C: 0.11 mm; D, E: 0.09 mm.

FIGURE 239. Gonatopus species: ♀ holotypes. A: G. ranomafanensis Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.: mesosoma in lateral view. B: G. ridens Olmi: head in dorsal view. C: G. rubrithorax (Benoit): head in dorsal view. D, E: G. rugithorax Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (D); mesosoma in lateral view (E). F: G. savanensis Olmi: mesosoma in lateral view. G–I: G. schierli Olmi: head in frontal view (G); mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (H); mesosoma in lateral view (I). Scale bar: A: 1.14 mm; B, C: 0.26 mm; D: 0.60 mm; E: 0.88 mm; F: 1.96 mm; G: 0.25 mm; H: 0.69 mm; I: 1.01 mm.

FIGURE 240. A–K: Gonatopus species. A: G. sensitivus Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + part of metapec- tal-propodeal disc in dorsal view. B: G. shoanus Ponomarenko & Olmi, ♀ holotype: mesosoma in lateral view. C: G. somerseti (Olmi): mesosoma in lateral view of ♀ from South Africa, 34°15’S 18°21.5’E. D, E: G. tananarivei Olmi, ♀ holotype: meso- scutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) view. F: G. taylori Olmi, ♀ paratype: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view. G, H: G. trochantericus (Benoit), ♀ from Madagascar, 19°7.56’S 44°48.53’E: mesoscutum + mesoscutellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity in dorsal view (G); mesosoma in lateral view (H). I, J: G. upembanus Olmi: mesoscutum + mesoscu- tellum + metapectal-propodeal disc + propodeal declivity of ♀ holotype in dorsal view (I); mesosoma in lateral view of ♀ from Kenya, 00°38.1’S 37°40.4’E (J). K: G. trochantericus (Benoit): chela of holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.74 mm; B: 0.72 mm; C: 1.28 mm; D, E, G: 0.77 mm; F: 0.93 mm; H: 1.14 mm; I: 1.08 mm; J: 1.70 mm; K: 0.09 mm.

FIGURE 241. Chelae of Gonatopus species holotypes. A: G. tulearensis Olmi. B: G. turneri (Benoit). C: G. upembanus Olmi. D: G. wikstrandae Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov. E: G. zambianus Olmi. Scale bar: A, B: 0.07 mm; C, E: 0.12 mm; D: 0.09 mm.

FIGURE 242. Gonatopus wikstrandae Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ holotype: habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; mesosoma in dorsal view (C); head in frontal view (D).

FIGURE 243. Habitus of Gonatopus species, ♀ holotypes. A: G. tulearensis Olmi, in lateral view. B, C: G. paulyi (Olmi) in lateral (B) and dorsal (C) view. Scale bar: B: 1.77 mm; C: 1.36 mm.