Gonatopus nearcticus ( Fenton, 1927 )

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 417-420

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4630.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8D375836-CCBA-473C-836F-6ABD44B4F881

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987E2-FE0F-2BEB-FF3E-D6D7FA72FC68

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scientific name

Gonatopus nearcticus ( Fenton, 1927 )
status

 

1. Gonatopus nearcticus ( Fenton, 1927)

( Figs 167 View FIGURE 167 A–C, 168A, B)

Epigonatopus americanus Fenton 1921: 70 (preoccupied by Pseudogonatopus americanus R. Perkins 1905) (synonymized by Olmi 1993b); type locality: Ames (Iowa, U.S.A.).

Pachygonatopus nearcticus Fenton 1927: 6.

Platygonatopus ugandanus Benoit 1951a: 300 (synonymized by Olmi 1993b); type locality: Bululo (Uganda); Benoit 1951d: 19.

Rhynchogonatopus ugandanus (Benoit): Olmi & Currado 1976: 173.

Acrodontochelys bouceki Currado 1976: 14 (synonymized by Olmi 1993b); type locality: Nerja (Spain); Graham 1983: 1; Olmi 1984: 1174; Graham 1988: 79.

Acrodontochelys ugandanus (Benoit): Olmi 1984: 1174.

Acrodontochelys sinensis Olmi 1984: 1180 (synonymized by Xu et al. 2012); type locality: Macau (P.R. China).

Acrodontochelys americanus (Fenton): Olmi 1984: 1182.

Gonatopus nearcticus (Fenton): Olmi 1993b: 80, 83; Guglielmino & Olmi 1997: 194, 237; Tussac & Olmi 1998: 490; Olmi 1999: 246; 2004a: 368; 2005b: 126;

2006: 44; Guglielmino & Olmi 2007: 126; Olmi 2009b: 459; Burn 2011: 88; Penati & Olmi 2011: 79; Olmi et al. 2015: 365; Olmi et al. 2016: 79.

Description. ♀ ( Fig. 167A View FIGURE 167 ). Apterous; body length 2.0–4.0 mm. Head black or brown, except mandible, clypeus and anterior region of frons yellow or testaceous; antenna black or brown, except antennomeres 1–3 yellow or testaceous; occasionally antenna testaceous-brown; mesosoma, petiole and metasoma usually black, except posterior apex of propodeal declivity testaceous; occasionally mesosoma and metasoma brown-testaceous or testaceous-reddish, except petiole black; occasionally mesosoma brown, except mesoscutum yellow; legs yellow or testaceous, except coxae and clubs of femora almost completely black, or darkened, or brown-reddish. ♀♀ with testaceousreddish mesosoma observed only in the USA (Texas: Lost Maples State Park; Inks Lake State Park). Antenna clavate; antennomeres of holotype of P. nearcticus in following proportions: 4:4:9:5.5:5:5:4:4:4:7; antennomeres of holotype of A. sinensis in following proportions: 5:3:7:4:4:4:4:4:3.5:5. Head flat or slightly convex, dull, slightly or strongly granulate; frontal line complete; occipital carina absent; temple distinct; POL = 3; OL = 2; OOL = 5. Palpal formula 5/2, or 4/2, or 3/2, or 2/2. Pronotum crossed by strong transverse impression, shiny, slightly or strongly granulate. Mesoscutum dull, granulate. Metanotum granulate and transversely striate, about coplanar to mesoscutellum. Metapectal-propodeal disc dull, granulate; propodeal declivity usually transversely striate, occasionally almost completely granulate and not transversely striate. Meso-metapleural suture obsolete. Mesopleuron and metapleuron granulate, with or without transverse striae. Protarsomere 1 about twice as long as 4 (14:7; or 15:7; or 12:7). Protarsomeres of holotype of A. sinensis in following proportions: 15:2:3:7:13. Enlarged claw ( Fig. 168A View FIGURE 168 ) with one large subapical tooth and one row of 3–6 peg-like bristles. Protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 168A View FIGURE 168 ) with two rows of 6–22 lamellae; apex with approximately 6–9 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/0/1.

♂ ( Figs 167B, C View FIGURE 167 ). Fully winged; body length 1.6–2.8 mm. Head black or brown, except mandible testaceous or yellow; antenna brown or black; mesosoma and metasoma black or brown; legs banded, brown or black, except trochanters, stalks of femora, extremities of tibiae and tarsi yellow. Antenna setose, filiform; antennomeres of ♂ paratype of A. bouceki in following proportions: 5:4:8:7:7:7:6:6:6:8; antennomere 3 four or more than 4 × as long as broad. Antennomeres of specimen from P.R. China, Ruyang, in following proportions: 4:4:7:7:6.5:6.5:5.5:5:5:7. Head shiny, alutaceous, slightly punctate; vertex laterally without two shiny and smooth areas situated between lateral ocelli and eyes; frontal line incomplete, only present between antennal toruli; occipital carina absent; occiput concave; temple distinct; POL = 6; OL = 4; OOL = 2 (or POL = 6; OL = 2; OOL = 2; or POL = 7; OL = 3; OOL = 1.5); greatest breadth of lateral ocelli about twice as long as OOL. Palpal formula 3/2, or 4/2. Mesoscutum dull, setose, slightly granulate. Notauli incomplete, reaching approximately 0.4–0.7 × length of mesoscutum. Mesoscutellum and metanotum shiny, finely punctate, unsculptured among punctures. Metapectal-propodeal disc and propodeal declivity completely shiny, unsculptured; metapectal-propodeal disc with or without median longitudinal furrow. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; 2R1 cell open; 2r-rs&Rs vein regularly curved, with distal part much longer than proximal part. Dorsal process of paramere ( Fig. 168B View FIGURE 168 ) more or less long and slender, with distal third parallel to penis. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Material examined. Types: ♀ holotype of P. nearcticus : USA: Iowa, Woodbury Co., Sioux City , IX.1919, reared from a jassid, C.N. Ainslie leg. ( USNM) ; ♀ holotype of E. americanus : USA: Iowa, Story Co., Ames , 25.VII.1919, E.D. Ball leg. ( USNM); ♀ holotype of P. ugandanus : UGANDA: Bululo , 1909, E. Bayon leg. ( MCSNG) ; ♀ holotype of A. bouceki : SPAIN: Malaga, Nerja, 3.VII.1974, Z. Boucek leg. ( NHMUK); ♀ holotype of A. sinensis : P.R. CHI-NA: Macau ( BPBM) . Paratypes of E. americanus : USA: same locality label as holotype, 4♀♀ ( USNM). Paratypes of A. bouceki : SPAIN: Malaga, Nerja, 23.VI.1973, Z. Boucek leg., 13♀♀ (9 in NHMUK, 4 in DISAFA); Granada, La Herradura, 24.VI.1973, Z. Boucek leg., 1♀, 1♂ ( NHMUK); Granada, Calahonda, 22.VI.1973, Z. Boucek leg., 2♀♀ ( NHMUK); Castellón, Benicasim, 13–15.VI.1973, Z. Boucek leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); same locality label, 22– 24.VI.1974, 1♂ ( NHMUK); Granada, Calahonda, 22.VI.1973, Z. Boucek leg., 2♀♀ ( NHMUK); Barcelona, Calella de la Costa, VI.1974, Z. Boucek leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); Paratypes of A. sinensis : CHINA: Macau, 3♀♀ (1 in BPBM, 2 in AMNH); Chin San, 1♀ ( BPBM). VIET NAM: Lam Dong Prov., Di Linh, Plateau of Djiring, 1♀ ( AMNH). Other material: BENIN: Gomé, 12.XI.1993, 1♀ ( CIRAD). BOTSWANA: SE of Gaborone District, at roadsides in town, 9.I.1982, 1♀ ( ZIL). ETHIOPIA: Kefa Province, Jima, 1♀ ( NHMUK). KENYA: Central Prov., Nairobi, 1♀ ( MRSNT); Central Prov., Olgasalic, 1♀ ( MRAC); Central Prov., Mount Kenya Safari Club, 1♀ ( USUC); Rift Valley Prov., Subukia, 00°0.429’N 36°14.523’E, 24.III–11.IV.2010, Dupopnt & Braet leg., 1♀ ( FSAE). MADA- GASCAR: Fianarantsoa, Miandritsara Forest, 40 km S Ambositra, 20°47.56’S 47°10.54’E, 825 m, 11–20.II.2007, MT, low altitude rainforest, M. Irwin, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-29-78, 1♀ ( CAS). MOZAMBIQUE: Nampula Prov., Nampula, approximately 500 m from Nampula Catholic Seminary, 24.XI.1999, M. Olmi leg., 1♀ ( MOLC); Ni- assa, Cuamba, Catholic University of Mozambique, Faculty of Agriculture Campus, 26.V.2007, M. Olmi leg., 2♀♀ ( MOLC). NAMIBIA: 134 km E Swakopmund, along Rd. B 2, 4.III.2006, M. Olmi reared ex Paradorydium spatulatum (Naudé) , 2♀♀, 1♂ ( MOLC). SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape, Port St Johns, 1–14.V.1923, 15–3.V.1923, 16–28.IV.1924, R.E. Turner leg., 9♀♀ (7 in NHMUK, 2 in AMNH); Free State, Harrismith, II.1927, R.E. Turner leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); Free State, Sasolburg, Wonderwater Colliery, 26°46.11’S 27°46.59’E, 1450 m, 12.V.1999, D- Vac, IS-08b, M. Stiller leg., 1♀ ( SANC); Gauteng, Tierpoort, 1♀ ( NCIP); Gauteng, Pretoria Dist., Soutpan, 25°24’S 28°06’E, 1♀ ( SANC); Gauteng, Pretoria, EKH, V.1946, A.R.I. Pretoria, SAM-HYM-PO21006, 1♀ ( SAMC); Kwa- Zulu-Natal, Richards Bay, 28°46’S 32°04’E, 1♀ ( ZIL); KwaZulu-Natal, Gingindhlovu, 9.VI.1926, R.E. Turner leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK, AMNH); KwaZulu-Natal, Empangeni, 26.IV.1926, R.E. Turner leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); KwaZulu-Natal, Kloof, VIII.1926, IX.1926, R.E. Turner leg., 10♀♀ ( NHMUK); same locality label, 1♀ ( DASB); KwaZulu-Natal, Drakensberg, Van Reenen, 23–26.I.1927, R.E. Turner leg., 2♀♀ ( AMNH, NHMUK); KwaZulu-Natal, Champagne Castle, Hotel vicinity, 29°04’S 29°25’E, 16–20.X.2000, swept off grass ( Oplismenus sp., Poaceae ) and herb. shrubs under tree canopy, M. Stiller leg., 2♀♀ ( SANC); KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Drakensberg, 4 km S of Cavern Berg Re- sort, along the road from R74 to Cavern Berg Resort, 9.IV.2007, M. Olmi leg., 2♀♀ ( MOLC, SAMC); same locality label, C. 9.IV.2007, B. 10.IV.2007, M. Olmi reared from Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) , 1♂ ( MOLC); KwaZulu-Natal, Winterton, along Rd 600, 5 km S of junction with Rd to Loskop, C. 10.IV.2007, B. 12.IV.2007, M. Olmi reared from Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) , 1♂ ( MOLC); KwaZulu-Natal, Winterton, along Rd 600, grass in front of the gate of Cathrin Farm, 10.IV.2007, M. Olmi leg., 2♀♀ ( MOLC); same locality label, C. 10.IV.2007, B. 11.IV.2007, M. Olmi reared from Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) , 1♀ ( MOLC); same locality label, C. 10.IV.2007, B. 12.IV.2007, M. Olmi reared from Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) , 1♀ ( SAMC), 1♂ ( MOLC); KwaZulu-Natal, Drakensberg, Cathedral Peak, inside the park, grass near the gate of Cathedral Peak Hotel, C. 11.IV.2007, B. 12.IV.2004, M. Olmi reared from Balclutha rosea (Scott) , 1♂ ( MOLC); KwaZulu-Natal, Drakensberg, Cathedral Peak, inside the park, grass near the gate of Cathedral Peak Hotel, C. 11.IV.2007, B. 12.IV.2007, M. Olmi reared from Maiestas angustisecta (Linnavuori) , 1♂ ( MOLC); Western Cape, Koornplanskloof, 10 km S of Citrusdal, 32°40’S 19°01’E, 200–270 m, 1♀ ( ZIL). SWAZILAND: 2 km N of Loyengo, 26°33’S 31°11’E, 1♀ ( ZIL). UGANDA: Kawanda, V.1943, VI.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 3♀♀, 3♂♂ ( NHMUK); same locality label, 1♀, 1♂ ( AMNH); Serere, VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK). ZIMBABWE: Harare (= Salisbury), A. Watsham leg., 2♀♀, 1♂ ( NHMUK); Harare, Chisha- washa, V.1980, A. Watsham leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK). Palaearctic: G. nearcticus is known from the following countries: Bulgaria (new record: Oblast Shumen, Bajkovo, 16.VIII.2016, A. Guglielmino and C. Bückle leg., 1♀ ( MOLC)), Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Portugal, Spain (including Canary Islands) and Turkey ( Olmi 1999). Oriental region: G. nearcticus is known from the following countries: India, P.R. China, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam ( Xu et al. 2013). Nearctic region: G. nearcticus is known from the USA ( Olmi 1984, 1999).

Hosts. Cicadellidae ( Guglielmino et al. 2013) : in the Palaearctic region: in France: Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) ; in Italy (Pantelleria Island): Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) . In the Afrotropical region: in Namibia: Paradorydium spatulatum (Naudé) ; in South Africa: Balclutha frontalis (Ferrari) (= Balclutha rosea (Scott)) , Maiestas angustisecta (Linnavuori) . In the Nearctic region: in the USA: Balclutha neglecta (DeLong & Davidson) ; Balclutha impicta (Van Duzee) .

Distribution. Benin, Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Uganda, Zimbabwe, in addition to many countries of the Oriental, Western Palaearctic and Nearctic regions.

USNM

USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]

MCSNG

MCSNG

BPBM

USA, Hawaii, Honolulu, Bernice P. Bishop Museum

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

NHMUK

Natural History Museum, London

BPBM

Bishop Museum

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History

CIRAD

Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement

ZIL

Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute

MRAC

Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale

CAS

California Academy of Sciences

SANC

Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute

NCIP

South African National Collection of Insects

SAMC

Iziko Museums of Cape Town

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Liliopsida

Order

Alismatales

Family

Araceae

Genus

Gonatopus

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