Gonatopus bisulcatus ( Benoit, 1954 )

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 555

129. Gonatopus bisulcatus ( Benoit, 1954)

( Figs 244D, E )

Mercetia bisulcata Benoit 1954: 400 .

Dryinus bisulcatus (Benoit) : Olmi 1984: 754; 1994c: 10; Azevedo et al. 2010: 889.

Description. ♀. Fully winged; body length 4.5–5.6 mm. Holotype with head black, except mandible and clypeus testaceous; antenna testaceous; propleuron black; pronotum black, except lateral regions reddish; rest of mesosoma black; metasoma black; legs testaceous, except coxae and clubs of femora brown or black. In specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, clypeus testaceous-brown; antenna testaceous, except antennomeres 8–10 darkened; legs brown, except protrochanter partly yellowish and coxae partly black. Antenna clavate; in holotype antennomeres in following proportions: 11:6:21:13:11:7.5:6.5:4.5:6:6. ADOs present in antennomeres 6–10. In holotype, head excavated, shiny, smooth, slightly alutaceous; occipital carina absent (no tracks behind ocelli); frontal line complete; OL longer than POL. In specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’’E, head unsculptured; POL = 3; OL = 3; OOL = 12; occipital carina shortly present behind ocellar triangle (lateral ocelli touching occipital carina). Palpal formula 6/3. In holotype pronotum shiny, slightly granulate, with anterior third crossed by transverse impression; pronotum with anterior collar and disc, without posterior collar ( Fig. 244D ); disc of pronotum slightly humped. Mesoscutum shiny, bare, granulate. In holotype and in specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, notauli incomplete, strongly converging, almost reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum. Minimum distance between notauli shorter than POL (2:3). Mesoscutellum shiny, unsculptured or slightly granulate. Metanotum very reduced and short, reticulate rugose. Holotype and specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, with metapectal-propodeal disc not reticulate rugose, sculptured by many parallel transverse keels, with two median longitudinal keels and two further longitudinal keels situated on lateral region; propodeal declivity with two longitudinal keels. In holotype forewing with three brown spots. Forewing of specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, with two dark transverse bands. Forewing of holotype with distal part of 2r-rs&Rs vein about as long as proximal part. In holotype and in specimen from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, hind wing hyaline, not darkened. Protarsomere 1 shorter than 4 (18: 22 in holotype). Enlarged claw ( Fig. 244E ) with one large subapical tooth and one row of 13–16 lamellae. Protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 244E ) with two rows of about 41 lamellae extending continuously to apex. Tibial spurs 1/0/1.

♂. Unknown.

Material examined. Type: ♀ holotype: MADAGASCAR: Toliara, Behara, IV.1937, A. Seyrig leg. ( MNHN). Other material: MADAGASCAR: Toliara, Berenty Special Reserve , 8 km NW Amboasary, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E, elev 85 m, 16–27.XII.2002, M.Irwin, F. Parker & R.Harin’Hala leg., MT, spiny forest, MA- 02-22-10 , 1♀ ( CAS) .

Hosts. Unknown.

Distribution. Madagascar.

Remarks. Gonatopus bisulcatus was previously included in Dryinus because of the presence of a small lateral tibial spur on mesotibia. Apparently this small tibial spur was absent in G. obscurus (Ceballos) , so it was treated as a Gonatopodine. However, a further study of all known specimens of both species showed that this small tibial spur is present in all specimens. The presence of a small lateral spur on the mesotibia suggests that both species belong to Dryininae . However, in Dryininae the mesotibial spur is very long and situated in a central position at the extremity of the mesotibia, whereas in these specimens the mesotibial spur is very short and situated laterally. Because of this difference, the above species have been moved to the Gonatopodinae . The apparent spur is considered a modified bristle present at the extremity of the mesotibia.

Figures

FIGURE 244. A, C: Gonatopus maputensis Olmi: chela of holotype (A); genitalia of ♂ paratype (C). B: chela of Gonatopus paulyi (Olmi), holotype. D, E: Gonatopus bisulcatus (Benoit): prothorax in lateral view of ♀ from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E (D); chela of holotype (E). Scale bar: A, C: 0.08 mm; B: 0.05 mm; D: 0.73 mm; E: 0.09 mm.