Eunotus Walker, 1834

Uan, H Ui Xiao D A-Wei H, 2001, A review of Eunotinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae) from China, Journal of Natural History 35, pp. 1587-1605 : 1596-1597

Eunotus Walker, 1834

Eunotus Walker, 1834: 286–306 . Type-species: E. cretaceus Walker , by monotypy.

Tridymus subgen. Tritypus Ratzeburg, 1852: 227 . Type-species: T. (Tritypus) areolatus Ratzeburg , by monotypy. Synonymized by Graham, 1969: 71.

Megapelte Förster, 1856: 63 , 66 [replacement name for Eunotus Walker , supposedly preoccupied].

Eunotus Walker ; Schmiedeknecht, 1909: 304, 306. M asi, 1931: 423–438. N ikol’skaya, 1952: 236. G raham, 1969: 71–75. BoncÏek, 1972: 274–287.

M asi (1931) divided Eunotus into two subgenera: Eunotus s. str. with ve funicular segments in females, and Eunotellus M asi with four funicular segments in females. Graham (1969) accepted the classi cation. BoucÏek (1972) found it di cult to determine males to species using this character. He divided the genus into three species-groups: kocoureki -Group (mandible with three teeth, body with coarser and shallower sculpture), cretaceus -Group (antennae with ve funicular segments, and the rst funicle anelli), acutus -G roup (antennae with four or two anelli-like and four funicular segments).

Generic characters. Antennae inserted above clypeal margin; antennae with four or ve funicular segments. Thorax with densely reticulate sculpture; scutellum frenal line usually absent, and scuttelum not extending beyond propodeum; propodeum with distinct tooth-like median carina. Fore wing pilose. F irst gastral tergite covering most of gaster.

Biology. Mainly primary parasites, which have been recorded in the following families: Coccidae ( Ceroplastodes , Coccus , Eriopeltis , Eulecanium , Mesolecanium , Parthenolecanium , Pulvinaria , Rhodococcus , Scythia ); Eriococcidae ( Eriococcus, Grennisca ); Pseudococcidae (Phenacoccus) . Eunotus cretaceus Walker was recorded as an egg predator of some coccids ( Eriopeltis , Eulecanium , Scythia ).

There are 14 species recorded in the world for Eunotus . This genus is mainly distributed in Europe and Palearctic region, one Afrotropical species ( E. gossypii Risbec ) was found in Senegal, two species were recorded in North America. This is the rst time recorded from China.

Key to the species 1 Antenna short and clubbed, one anellus from ve funicular segments (gure 44); head

in dorsal view much thicker, occiput low-pitched in the middle; rst tergite about

two-thirds the length of gaster......... E. applanatus sp. nov.

– Antenna with one anellus and four funicular segments, or without anellus, with four or ve funicular segments................ 2

2 Flagellum clubbed, and with four funicular segments (gure 26); thorax with dense reticulation; scutellum about 1.13–1.3 times as broad as long; fore wing with short hair; marginal vein 1.34–1.63 times as long as stigmal vein; rst tergite smooth....................... E. parvulus Masi

– Antenna with ve funicular segments............. 3

3 First tergite mainly longitudinally reticulate (gure 23), smooth only near the edges; scutellum slightly convex, as long as broad; each funicular segment with sensilla (gure 22), clava about three times as long as broad; marginal vein about twice as long as postmarginal vein, the latter shorter than the stigmal. Body black........................ E. cretaceus Walker

– First tergite smooth all over................ 4

4 F irst funicular segment distinctly shorter than the second (gures 16, 20), the latter as long as the third; scutellum at least slightly longer than broad....... 5 – First funicular segment as long as the second, both segments distinctly shorter than

the third (gure 25); clava slightly swollen; scutellum shorter than broad; thorax dull

and with coarse punctation........... E. acutus Kurdjumov

5 Marginal vein about twice as long as the stigmal; antenna relatively shorter, each

agellum segment broader than previous one; clava distinctly swollen and asymmetric, about 1.5 as long as broad; POL 5 OOL as 4 5 1....... E. obscurus Masi

– Marginal vein at most 1.5 times as long as the stigmal......... 6

6 M arginal vein about 1.5 times as long as the stigmal (gure 19); POL 5 OOL as 4 5 1..................... E. strenus sp. nov.

– Marginal vein as long as the stigmal (gure 21); POL 5 OOL as 3 5 1........................ E. aequalivena sp. nov.