Arctosa villa, Paredes-Munguía & Brescovit & Teixeira, 2024

Paredes-Munguía, Williams, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Teixeira, Renato A., 2024, Revision of Neotropical wolf spider genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5414 (1), pp. 1-83 : 51-57

Arctosa villa sp. nov.

Figs 44‒49 , 64

Arctosa sp. nov.: Paredes-Munguia 2012: 42

Type Material. Male holotype from Pantanos de Villa , Chorrillos , Lima, Peru, 13.xi.1994. S. Córdova & J. Duarez leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500104 ), female paratype, from Totorales , Pantanos de Villa, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru, 12°12'22.0"S 76°59'19.5"W, ± 24 m, 12.xi.2006. W. Paredes & C. Ruiz leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500107 ) .

Other material examined. PERU: Lima: 1♂, Pantanos de Villa—Totorales , 12°12'22"S 76°59'19.5"W, 24 m, 12.xi.2006, W. Paredes & C. Ruiz leg. ( MUSM-ENT 514161 ) ; 1♂ 2♀, ditto, 23.xii.2003, W. Paredes leg. ( MUSM-ENT 505002 ) ; 5♀, ditto, 12.x.2003, W. Paredes leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500108 ) ; 1♂ 2♀, Pantanos de Villa 21.vii.1994, D. Silva & J. Duarez leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500106 ) ; 1♂ 1♀, Cañete, Planta de Licuefacción Pampa Melchorita , 13°14'55,8"S 76°17'16.5"W, 146 m, 9–12.i.2013, V. Borda leg. ( MUSM-ENT 507296 ) . Lambayeque: 1♀, Lambayeque, Campo de cultivo Instituto de Desarrollo agrícola de Lambayeque ( IDAL) , Road to Ferreñafe , 6°40'12.32"S 79°47'6.58"W, 37 m, C. Albujar leg. ( MUSM-ENT 505355 ) .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition from the type-locality, the Pantanos de Villa Reserved Zone, a salt marsh at the southern Lima, one of the most important salt marshes in the Peruvian central coast.

Diagnosis. Males of Arctosa villa can be recognized among all the neotropical species by the wide base of posterior arm of the median apophysis (Pa) ( Fig. 44a, f ), and the membranous, thick palea protuberance (Pp) ( Fig. 45a, e ). The Arctosa sapiranga median apophysis resemble that of A. villa , but the base of the posterior arm of the median apophysis is thinner in the former. Females of A. villa can be recognized by the transversal septum straight ( Fig. 46a ), and the triangular head of spermatheca ( Fig. 46b ). Female epigynal plate of Arctosa perita ( Latreille, 1799) ( Dondale & Redner 1983a: figs 46, 49) and A. sapiranga ( Silva & Lise 2009: figs 9, 10) look like that of A. villa sp. nov., but it is wider anteriorly in A. villa .

Description. Male. Holotype (MUSM-ENT 500104). Carapace brown to light brown with pale black radiating lines covered with short black setae; median band yellow with a few bristles, two blurry parallel yellow lines in the longitudinal median band just behind the ocular area and pale yellowish irregular sub marginal band. Sternum longer than wide, yellow, and covered with short brown bristles in the marginal area; the central are sparsely covered by short brown bristles too ( Fig. 47d ). Ocular area black covered with short white bristles; four long black bristles on the clypeal condyle anterior to AER; one large black bristle between the AME. First row of eyes is straight and shorter than the first row; AME slightly larger than ALE; PME separated by the length of its radii. Chelicerae strong and pale brown covered frontally with long brown hairs; SF present ( Fig. 45i ). Chillum membranous divided but not conspicuous; boss easy visible. endites and labium pale yellow, whitish on its distal portions. All legs pale brown except in coxae, trochanter and femora which are yellow. A sparse scopulae on legs I and II, absent in III and IV. Spinules present only on tarsi III and IV. All tibiae, tarsi, and metatarsi with trichobothria present. Opisthosoma dorsum light yellow covered with dusk brown mottled patches and brown bristles; poorly visible yellow lanceolate mark on the cardiac area; five pairs of black spots that cover the rear half of the opisthosoma; venter all yellow, cylindrical yellow spinnerets ( Fig. 47d ).

Pedipalp ( Fig. 44a‒c, 44f , 45a‒f, 45h ), cylindrical tibia slightly wider apically. Cymbium fusiform. Trapezoidal subtegulum visible in ventral view, with a broad sinuous sperm duct diagonally crossing the tegulum from base to the apex ( Figs 45e‒f ). Median apophysis with posterior arm evidently pyramidal ( Figs 44f , 45h ) and a sclerotized mound basal in position. The basal portion of the terminal apophysis, sclerotized, sharpened, and curved, its distal part membranous and lamellar shaped. Embolus fusiform, sclerotized and twisted once in its mesial part ( Figs 44b , 45b ).

Leg formula IV>I>III>II. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-0-1 d 1-1-1 r 0-1d-1d, II p 0-1-1 d 1 - 1-1-1 r 0-1-1-0-0-1, III p 0-1-1 d 1-1-1 r 0-1-1, IV p 1d-1d d 1-1-1 r 0-0-1d; patella I d 1bristle-1 bristle II p 1 d 1bristle-1 bristle III p 1 r 1 d 1bristle bas-1bristle ap, IV p 1 r 1 d 1bristle bas-1bristle ap; tibia I p 1-v1 d 1 bristle- 1 bristle r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap, II p 1-1v r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap III, p 1d-1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-1-2ap, IV p 1-v1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap; metatarsus I p 1-1-1ap r 0-0-1ap v 2-2-0, II p 1-2-2ap r 0-1-1ap v 2-1-1ap, III p 1-1-2ap d 1-1-2ap v 2-2-1ap, IV p d1-2-2ap v 2-1r-1 r 1d-1v-1d-1v-2ap.

Measurements: TL 6.41, CL 3.33, CCW 1.33, CTW 2.42, CCH 1.00, CTH 1.20. Eyes: AME 0.12, ALE 0.12, PME 0.30, PLE 0.22, interdistances:AME-AME 0.10; AME-ALE 0.04; PME-PME 0.16; PME-PLE 0.26; PLE-PLE 0.54. POQ length 0.50, POQ posterior width 0.68, POQ anterior width 0.44. Chelicerae: length 1.22. Opisthosoma: length 3.08, width 2.25. Legs: femur + patella+tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length: pedipalp 1.28 + 0.68 + - + 0.68 + 1.08 = 3.72, I 2.34 + 1.10 + 2.04 + 1.92+1.20 = 8.60, II 2.10 + 1.04 + 1.66 + 2.18+1.12 = 8.10, III 2.16 + 1.00 +1.76 + 2.12+1.18 = 8.22, IV 2. 84 + 1.22 + 2.56 + 3.38+1.50 = 11.50.

Female. Paratype (MUSM-ENT 500107). General pattern ( Figs 47c, f, i , 49b ) as in male, except by the coloration of the opisthosoma which is less visible. Anterior eye row straight, chillum divided ( Fig. 47h ), dentition as in male.

Genitalia ( Fig. 46a‒d , 47b, e , 48a‒c ), longitudinal and transversal septum not distinguishable from each other, the plate is covered by a long white seta. In retrolateral view the anterior part of the transversal septum is depressed ventrally ( Fig. 46d ). In ventral view, the atrium is divided by a thin and perceptible median septum keel ( Fig. 46a ). Copulatory opening laterally located ( Figs 48a, b ) roughed surface on transversal septum ( Fig. 48c ). Fertilization ducts thick and curved ( Fig. 46b ). Head of spermathecae triangular, base of spermatheca expanded, stalk of spermathecae sinuous ( Figs 46b, d ). A short vulval chamber is visible in lateral view ( Fig. 46d ).

Leg formula IV>I>II>III. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-0-1 d 1-1-1, II p 0-0-1 d 1 - 1-1 r 0-1-0, III p 0-1d-1d d 1- 1-1 r 0-1d-1d, IV p 0-0-1d d 1-1-1 r 0-1d-1d; patella I d 1 bristle - 1bristle ap, II d 1 bristle - 1 bristle ap, III p 1 d 1bristle bas-1ap r 1, IV p 1 d 1 bristle bas-1ap r 1; tibia I v 2-2-2ap, II p d1-1 d 1 bristle-1 bristle v 1-2-2ap, III p d1-1 d 1-1 r 1d- 1d v 1-2-2ap, IV p 1d-1 d 1-1 r 1-1v v 2-2-2ap; metatarsus I p 0-1-2 r 0-0-2ap v 2-2-1ap, II p 0-1d-2 r 0-0-2 v 2-2-1ap, III p 1-1-2 r 1d-1d-2 v 2-2-1ap, IV p d1-0-1d-2ap r 1-1v-2 v 2-2-1ap.

Measurements: TL 7.92, CL 3.92, CCW 1.67, CTW 2.92, CCH 1.18, CTH 1.20. Eyes: AME 0.12, ALE 0.10, PME 0.34, PLE 0.24, interdistances:AME-AME 0.10; AME-ALE 0.08; PME-PME 0.26; PME-PLE 0.34; PLE-PLE 0.68. POQ length 0.56, POQ posterior width 0.84, POQ anterior width 0.58. Chelicerae: length 1.60. Opisthosoma: length 1.48, width 1.08. Legs: (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): pedipalp 1.19 + 0.63 + 0.75 - + 0.69 = 3.26, I 2.44 + 1.25 + 2.00 + 1.86 + 1.13 = 8.68, II 2.22 + 1.25 + 1.81 + 1.81 + 1.03= 8.12, III 2.03 + 1.06 + 1.63 + 2.00 + 0.97 = 7.69, IV 2.91 + 1.25 + 2.41 + 3.06 + 1.28 = 10.91.

Variation. Females N=13 (males N=3) (range, mean±sd): TL 6.92-8.75 7.88±0.50; CL 3.5-4.75, 3.90±0.36; CW 2.67-3.67, 2.96±0.29; (TL 6.25-7.58 6.83±0.68; CL 3.33-3.92 3.61±0.29; CW 2.58-2.92, 2.75±0.17).

Natural history. Arctosa villa has been collected in the type-locality on marshes, under debris of cattail ( Typha domingensis ). Cattails are constantly falling and decomposing becoming debris which facilitates building of spider retreats. All the records for this species are associated with a certain preference whose flooded vegetation environments facilitates its permanence ( Paredes-Munguia 2012: 42, fig. 3A–B). Adults were collected from August to December. Females were more numerous than males and observed with egg sacs during August to September ( Fig. 49 ).

Distribution: Peruvian coastal region, between Lima and Lambayeque ( Fig. 64 ).

Misplaced species

Figures

FIGURE 44. Arctosa villa sp. nov. Male pedipalp (MUSM-ENT 500104) a–c, f (a, ventral; b, retrolateral; c, sub anterior; f, anterior). Male prosoma d–e (d, lateral; e, frontal). Scale bars: a–c, f 0.25 mm, d–e 1 mm. CHI chillum, CND condylum, DMA depression of median apophysis, E embolus, Pa posterior arm, Pp palea protuberance, Ra retrolateral arm, TA terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 45. Arctosa villa sp. nov. Male pedipalp (MUSM-ENT 500104) a–c (a, retrolateral; b, ventral; c, prolateral). Pedipalp bulb (MUSM-ENT 505002) d–f, h (d, retrolateral; e, ventral; f, prolateral; h, anterior). g, spinnerets; i, chelicerae. Scale bars: a–c, 0.2 mm, d–f, h, 250 µm, g, 200 µm, i, 500 µm. DMA depression of median apophysis, E embolus, Pa posterior arm, Pp palea protuberance, Ra retrolateral arm, SD seminal duct, SF striae file, TA terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 46. Arctosa villa sp. nov. Epigynum, paratype (MUSM-ENT 500107) (a,ventral; b, dorsal; c, anterior; d, posterolateral) Scale bars: a–d, 0.25mm. BS base of spermatheca, FD fertilization duct, H hood, HS head of spermatheca, MS median septum, VC vulval chamber.

FIGURE 47. Arctosa villa sp. nov. Male habitus (MUSM-ENT 500104) a, d, g (a, dorsal, d, ventral; g, lateral). Epigynum (MUSM-ENT 500107) b, e (b, dorsal; e, ventral) Female habitus c, f, h–i (c, dorsal; f, ventral; h, frontal; i, lateral). Scale bars: a, d, g, 1 mm, b, e, 0.2 mm, h, 500 µm, c, f, i, 2 mm.

FIGURE 48. Arctosa villa sp. nov. Epigynum SEM (MUSM-ENT 500108) a–c (a, ventral, b, Copulatory opening detail; c, roughened surface on TS). Female tarsus I d (d, ventral leg spinula). Scale bars: a, 150 µm, b, 15 µm, c, 50 µm, d, 250 µm. CO copulatory opening, H hood, MS median septum.

FIGURE 49. a. Pantanos de Villa semiaquatic vegetation, type locality of Arctosa villa sp. nov. b. Female live specimen carrying eggsac of Arctosa villa sp. nov. a. modified from Paredes-Munguia (2012).

FIGURE 64. Geographic distribution records of Arctosa costenola sp. nov. (orange dot), Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. (white dot), Arctosa tenebrosa comb. nov. (yellow diamond), Arctosa villa sp. nov. (blue diamond).