Schultesia crenuliflora Martius (1827: 104)

Tanajura, Jéssica Leão Barbosa, Pinho, Carolina Santos, Silva, Rilquer Mascarenhas Da & Carvalho, Maria Luiza Silveira De, 2021, Integrative assessment of the floristic diversity of Gentianaceae in an area of campo rupestre of the Espinhaço Range in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, Phytotaxa 500 (2), pp. 61-94 : 74-75

Schultesia crenuliflora Martius (1827: 104) Fig. 3G .

Herbs, ca. 17 cm tall. Branches green, cylindrical, costate. Leaves opposite, sessile, discolorous, blades 1.5 × 0.5 cm, lanceolate, coriaceous, glabrous, attenuate at base, acute at apex, entire at margin. Inflorescence in terminal cymes, 1-flowered, peduncle 0.3–1.2 cm. Flowers homostylous, 4-merous, pedicel 0.4–1.2 cm; calyx 0.5 × 0.5 cm, green, winged, not keeled, tubular, glabrous; corolla yellowish, infundibuliform, tube 2 cm, lobes 2 × 1 cm, at base obovate, at apex rounded; stamens 2 cm, isodynamous, adnate, conation 7 mm; ovary 7 × 3 mm, style ca. 1.5 cm, stigma bilobed. Fruit septifragal capsule.

Habitat and distribution:— Schultesia crenuliflora occurs in “campo rupestre” at altitudes above 900m, is considered in the list of rare species ( Calió & Guimarães 2009), and is endemic to Bahia ( Siqueira et al. 2014, Calió et al. 2015), being registered for the cities of Abaíra, Andaraí, Barra da Estiva, Ibicoara, Lençóis, Mucugê, Palmeiras, Piatã, Rio de Contas and Seabra ( Siqueira et al. 2014). It is also considered vulnerable (VU) ( IUCN 2020, CNCFlora 2014 b, Guimarães et al. 2014). The distribution modeling analysis recovered high suitability for the occurrence of the species in the entire northern portion of the ER, allowing to infer the occurrence of the specie also for the Serra Geral de Licínio de Almeida ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 2E , Fig. 3G , Fig. 4E , Appendix 1).

Comments:—It can be identified and differentiated from Schultesia bahiensis by the coriaceous leaves (vs. chartaceous leaves) and internodes generally larger or equal to the size of the leaf (almost always smaller than internodes throughout the entire plant), and the yellowish corolla ( Siqueira et al. 2014). Like S. bahiensis , this species can vary in the amount of flowers, with up to 4 flowers being observed in each inflorescence and can be collected with fruits and flowers throughout the year ( Siqueira et al. 2014).

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Mucugê, Trilha Tiburtino , 26 January 2018, fl ., M.L.S. Carvalho et al. 526 ( ALCB!); 18 June 2018, fl ., M.L.S. Carvalho et al. 601 (ALCB!).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Parque Municipal de Mucugê—Projeto Sempre Viva (PMM), Bahia, Brazil. Map of the study area, evidencing the location of PMM and other areas of the Espinhaço Range (ER) used for comparison in this study (A), “campo rupestre” phytophysiognomy (B). Photo B by Ariane Leite. Legend: (Lilac area) ER above 1000 m a.s.l.

FIGURE 2. Maps of occurrence with localities used for the species distribution modeling, showing the study area location within South America. Curtia diffusa (A), Macrocarpaea illecebrosa (B), Prepusa montana (C), Schultesia bahiensis (D), Schultesia crenuliflora (E), Schultesia minensis (F), Schultesia pachyphylla (G).

FIGURE 3. Species of Gentianaceae from the Parque Municipal de Mucugê - Projeto Sempre Viva (PMM), Bahia, Brazil: Calolisianthus pedunculatus (A), Chelonanthus purpurascens (B), Curtia verticillaris (C), Curtia tenuifolia (D), Prepusa montana (E), Schultesia bahiensis (F), Schultesia crenuliflora (G), Schultesia pachyphylla (H). Scale bars:A: 2 cm; B: 1 cm; C: 0,5 cm; D: 0,5 cm; E: 2 cm; F–H: 1 cm. Photo A, B, E, F, G and H by Maria Luiza Silveira de Carvalho; C and D by Vinicius Dittrich and Gustavo Shimizu, respectively.

FIGURE 4. Maps of environmental suitability of native/endemic species of Gentianaceae in the Espinhaço Range (ER): Curtia diffusa (A), Macrocarpaea illecebrosa (B), Prepusa montana (C), Schultesia bahiensis (D), Schultesia crenuliflora (E), Schultesia minensis (F), Schultesia pachyphylla (G).