EUDAMINAE, Mabille, 1877

Cock, Matthew J. W., 2014, An updated and annotated checklist of the Hedylidae and Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad, West Indies, Insecta Mundi 2014 (393), pp. 1-40 : 3-11

EUDAMINAE

Phocides polybius polybius (Fabricius, 1793)

Erycides palemon (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893) [preoccupied name]

Dysenius spurius (Mabille) : Kaye (1904, no. 213), Kaye (1921, no. 314), Barcant (1970, no. 401) Phocides polybius polybius (Fabricius) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 8), Cock (1984b), Cock (2014b), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Phocides distans distans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Phocides distans (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 315), Barcant (1970, no. 382) Phocides distans distans (Herrich-Schäffer) : Cock (1982, no. 9), Cock (1984b)

Phocides pigmalion pigmalion (Cramer, 1779)

Phocides pigmalion (Cramer) : Kaye (1940, no. 302a), Barcant (1970, no. 381)

Phocides pigmalion pigmalion (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 10), Cock (1984b), Cock (2014b)

Tarsoctenus praecia (Hewitson, 1857) rufibasis Boullet, 1910

Tarsoctenus praecia rufibasis Boullet : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 11), Cock (1984b)

Phanus ecitonorum Austin, 1993

Eutheus vitreus (Stoll) : Crowfoot (1893) [misspelling of Entheus ; part; not vitreus (Stoll) ]

Phanus vitreus (Stoll) : Kaye (1921, no. 341), Evans (1952), Miller (1965), Barcant (1970, no. 437), Cock (1982, no. 12), Cock (1984b) [part; not vitreus (Stoll) ]

Austin (1993) reviewed this group of species. Based on Austin’s work, I have seen no specimens of the true Phanus vitreus from Trinidad, those available to me being either P. ecitonorum or P. albiapicalis Austin.

Phanus albiapicalis Austin, 1993

Eutheus vitreus (Stoll) : Crowfoot (1893) [misspelling of Entheus ; part; not vitreus (Stoll) ]

Phanus vitreus (Stoll) : Kaye (1921, no. 341), Evans (1952), Barcant (1970, no. 437), Cock (1982, no. 12), Cock (1984b) [part; not vitreus (Stoll) ]

See note under P. ecitonorum (above).

Phanus obscurior obscurior Kaye, 1925

Phanus obscurior Kaye : Kaye (1925) TL, Kaye (1940, no. 341b), Evans 1952, Barcant (1970, no. 439), Cock (1982, no. 13), Cock (1984b)

Phanus obscurior obscurior Kaye : Miller (1965)

Phanus marshalli ( Kirby, 1880)

Entheus marshalli Kirby : Kirby (1880) TL

Phanus vitreus (Stoll) : Godman and Salvin (1893 –1901) [marshallii incorrectly treated as synoym]

Phanus marshalli (Kirby) : Kaye (1940, no. 341a), Evans (1952), Miller (1965), Barcant (1970, no. 438), Cock (1982, no. 14), Cock (1984b)

Udranomia orcinus (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1867)

Udranomia orcinus (C. Felder and R. Felder) : Kaye (1940, no. 341c), Barcant (1970, no. 441), Cock (1982, no. 15), Cock (1984b), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock and Alston-Smith (2013)

Udranomia eurus (Mabille and Boullet, 1919)

Udranomia eurus (Mabille and Boullet) : Cock and Alston-Smith (2013)

Drephalys oriander (Hewitson, 1867)

Drephalys oriander oriander Hewitson : Cock (1982, no. 16), Cock (1984b)

Evans (1952) described D. oriander oria from Honduras as a subspecies, but Freeman (1976) treated D. oria as a valid species, so the trinomial for D. oriander used by Evans (1952) and hence Cock (1982, 1984b) is no longer necessary.

Drephalys alcmon (Cramer, 1779)

Paradros alcmon (Cramer) : Kaye (1940, no. 338b), Barcant (1970, no. 433)

Drephalys alcmon (Cramer) : Cock (1982, no. 17), Cock (1984b), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Augiades crinisus (Cramer, 1780)

Entheus crinisus (Cramer) : Kaye (1921, no. 344), Barcant (1970, no. 443)

Augiades crinisus (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 18), Cock (1984b)

Entheus priassus priassus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Entheus priassus (Linnaeus) : Barcant (1970, no. 605)

Entheus priassus priassus (Linnaeus) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 19), Cock (1984b)

Proteides mercurius mercurius (Fabricius, 1787)

Proteides idas (Cramer 1779) : Barcant (1970, no. 604) [preoccupied name]

Proteides mercurius mercurius (Fabricius) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 20), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Epargyreus socus Hübner, [1825] chota Evans, 1952

Epargyreus socus chota Evans : Evans (1952) TL, Cock (1982, no. 21), Cock (1984a), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Epargyreus exadeus exadeus (Cramer, 1779)

Thymele exadeus (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Epargyreus exadeus (Cramer) : Godman and Salvin (1893 –1901), Kaye (1904, no. 215), Kaye (1921, no. 319), Williams and Bell (1931), Barcant (1970, no. 405)

Epargyreus exadeus exadeus (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 22), Cock (1986)

Epargyreus nutra Evans, 1952

Epargyreus nutra Evans : Cock (1986)

Epargyreus clavicornis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) tenda Evans, 1955

Epargyreus clavicornis tenda Evans : Cock (1982, no. 23), Cock (1986)

Polygonus leo (Gmelin, [1790]) pallida Röber, 1925

Polygonus leo leo (Gmelin) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 24), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Mielke and Casagrande (2002) state that P. l. leo is limited to Puerto Rico, Haiti and parts of the Virgin Islands (treated as P. l. savigny Latreille by Evans (1952), but see P. savigny below). They point out that P. l. pallida Röber is the next available name for the Central and South American subspecies, which occurs in Trinidad.

Polygonus savigny savigny (Latreille, [1824])

Acolastus amyntas (Fabricius) : Kaye (1904, no. 202), Kaye (1940, no. 303a), Barcant (1970, no. 384) [preoccupied; misidentified]

Polygonus manueli manueli Bell and Comstock : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 25), Cock (1986) [synonym]

Polygonus manueli Bell and Comstock : Cock (1984a)

This species appears in older literature including Evans (1952) and Cock (1982) as Polygonus manueli Bell and Comstock. Mielke and Casagrande (2002) point out that this is a synonym of P. savigny , which Evans (1952) had incorrectly identified as a subspecies of Polygonus leo (see comment under that species).

Chioides catillus catillus (Cramer, 1779)

Thymele catillus (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus catillus (Cramer) : Kaye (1904, no. 205), Kaye (1921, no. 306), Barcant (1970, no. 388)

Eudamus zilpa (Butler) : Kaye (1921, no. 454), Barcant (1970, no. 392) [misidentification]

Chioides catillus catillus (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 26), Cock (1986), Cock (2004b), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock (2014b)

Chioides catillus (Cramer) : Cock (1984a)

Urbanus catillus (Cramer) : Hernández (1992)

Aguna asander asander (Hewitson, 1867)

Epargyreus asander (Hewitson) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 317), Barcant (1970, no. 403)

Aguna asander asander (Hewitson) : Cock (1982, no. 27), Cock (1986)

Aguna clina Evans, 1952

Aguna clina Evans : Austin and Mielke (1998)

Austin and Mielke (1998) report a Trinidad specimen of Aguna clina from Hololo (Jan) in their partial revision of the genus. Also captured by S. Alston-Smith from Parrylands (♂ i.1984, ♀ i.1985, ♀ iv.1993).

Aguna aurunce aurunce (Hewitson, 1867)

Aguna aurunce (Hewitson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 28), Cock (1986)

Aguna aurunce hypozonius (Plötz) : Austin and Mielke (1998)

Austin and Mielke (1998) described A. a. hypozonius Plötz, and listed a Trinidad specimen (sex not stated). Aguna a. aurunce is known from the Amazon drainage of Venezuela, southward into Peru and Brazil, whereas A. a. hypozonius occurs from extreme northern South America to southern Mexico ( Austin and Mielke 1998). The two subspecies are distinguished by the larger forewing markings in A. a. hypozonius, and a slight difference in the male genitalia. I have a female from Trinidad that is compatible with either subspecies, but two males have reducedforewing markings even compared to ssp. aurunce , and a very narrow white band on the hindwing underside (a variable character in both ssp.). The markings and male genitalia support the view that these are A. a. aurunce .

Aguna coelus (Stoll, 1781)

Goniurus coelus (Stoll) : Kaye (1904, no. 212), Kaye (1921, no. 313), Barcant (1970, no. 400)

Aguna coelus (Stoll) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 29), Cock (1986), Austin and Mielke (1998), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Aguna coeloides Austin and Mielke, 1998

Aguna coeloides Austin and Mielke : Austin and Mielke (1998) PTL

Austin and Mielke (1998) list two male Trinidad specimens as paratypes of A. coeloides in their partial revision of the genus. One specimen was collected at Siparia, 20 Nov 1920 by W.J. Kaye, and the second at ‘Macuexioe Bay’ [Macueripe Bay], 24 Aug 1933. This species would have been confused with A. coelus in earlier Trinidad usage.

Typhedanus undulatus (Hewitson, 1867)

Thymele undulatus (Hewitson) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus undulatus Hewitson : Kaye (1904, no. 211), Kaye (1921, no. 311), Barcant (1970, no. 395)

Typhedanus undulatus (Hewitson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 30), Cock and Evans (1984), Cock (1985b), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock (2014b)

Polythrix octomaculata (Sepp, [1844])

Eudamus decussata (Ménétriés) : Kaye (1921, no. 312), Barcant (1970, no. 396) [synonym]

Polythrix octomaculata octomaculata (Sepp) : Cock (1981a), Cock (1982, no. 31), Cock (1986)

Polythrix octomaculata (Sepp) : Cock (2014b)

Evans (1952) treated P. octomaculata as having three subspecies: P. o. octomaculata , P. o. decussata , and P. o. alciphron Godman and Salvin. Freeman (1979) showed that P. o. alciphron is a synonym of P. octomaculata , and Mielke and Casagrande (2002) found that P. o. decussata is also a synonym of P. octomaculata . Austin and Warren (2002) endorse these changes. Hence there are no subspecies of P. octomaculata now recognised; it is monotypic.

Polythrix roma Evans, 1952

Eudamus asine Hewitson : Kaye (1921, no. 455) [misidentification]

Polythrix roma Evans : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 32), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock (2014b)

Polythrix caunus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Polythrix caunus (Herrich-Schäffer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 33), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock (2014b)

This species should be placed in a new genus together with Polythrix auginus (Hewitson) , based on the male genitalia ( Burns 1996) and early stages (Cock 2014b).

Polythrix auginus (Hewitson, 1867)

Eudamus auginus Hewitson ; Kaye (1940, no. 302b), Barcant (1970, no. 397)

Polythrix auginus (Hewitson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981a), Cock (1982, no. 34), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008), Cock (2014b)

This species should be placed in a new genus together with P. caunus , based on the male genitalia ( Burns 1996) and early stages (Cock 2014b).

Polythrix metallescens (Mabille, 1888)

Polythrix metallescens (Mabille) : Kaye (1940), Barcant (1970, no. 385), Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 35), Cock (1986), Cock (2014b)

Cephise burnsi Austin and Mielke, 2000

Cephise cephise (Herrich-Schäffer) : Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008) [different species]

The name used here is based on the revision of this genus by Austin and Mielke (2000).

Chrysoplectrum perniciosus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Chrysoplectrum perniciosus (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1940, no. 307b), Barcant (1970, no. 423), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Chrysoplectrum perniciosus perniciosus (Herrich-Schäffer) : Cock (1982, no. 36), Cock (1986)

Evans (1952) treated C. perniciosus as having two subspecies, but Austin and Warren (2002) formally confirm the action of earlier authors in treating C. epicincea (Butler and Druce) from Central America as a distinct species. Accordingly, C. perniciosus has no recognised subspecies and is monotypic.

Codatractus carlos Evans, 1952 arguta Evans, 1952

Codatractus carlos arguta Evans : Evans (1952) TL, Cock (1982, no. 37), Cock (1986)

Urbanus proteus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Thymele proteus (Linnaeus) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus proteus (Linnaeus) : Kaye (1904, no. 203), Kaye (1921, no. 304), Barcant (1970, no. 386)

Urbanus proteus proteus (Linnaeus) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981a), Cock (1982, No. 39), Cock (1986), Cock (2001), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Goniurus proteus (Linnaeus) : Pliske (1973)

Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935)

Urbanus viterboana alva Evans 1952 : Evans (1952), Cock (1981b), Cock (1982, no. 40)

Urbanus belli (Hayward) : Cock (1982, p. 47), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Urbanus pronta Evans, 1952

Urbanus pronta Evans : Cock (1982, p. 47), Cock (1986)

Urbanus esmeraldus (Butler, 1877)

Urbanus esmeraldus (Butler) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981a), Steinhauser (1981), Cock (1982, no. 41), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Urbanus esma Evans, 1955

Urbanus esma Evans : Steinhauser (1981), Cock (1982, no. 41A, p. 47), Cock (1986)

Urbanus esta Evans, 1952

Urbanus esta Evans : Cock (1982, p. 47), Cock (1986)

Urbanus velinus (Plötz, 1881)

Urbanus acawoios (Williams) : Steinhauser (1981), Cock (1982, no. 42), Cock (1986) [synonym ( Robbins et al. 1996)]

Urbanus dorantes dorantes (Stoll, 1790)

Thymele dorantes (Stoll) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus dorantes (Stoll) : Kaye (1904, no. 204), Kaye (1921, no. 305), Barcant (1970, no. 387)

Goniurus dorantes (Stoll) : Lindsey (1925)

Thymele protillus (Herrich-Schäffer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus protillus (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1904, no. 208), Kaye (1921, no. 308), Barcant (1970, no. 390) [synonym]

Thymele amisus (Hewitson) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus amisus (Hewitson) : Kaye (1904, no. 210), Kaye (1921, no. 310), Barcant (1970, no. 394) [synonym]

Urbanus dorantes dorantes (Stoll) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981b), Cock (1982, no. 43), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Urbanus teleus (Hübner, 1821)

Eudamus eurycles (Latreille) : Kaye (1904, no. 207), Kaye (1940, no. 307a), Barcant (1970, no. 398) [synonym]

Goniurus eurycles (Latreille) : Lindsey (1925), Williams and Bell (1931) [synonym]

Urbanus teleus (Hübner) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 44), Cock (1986)

Urbanus tanna Evans, 1952

Urbanus tanna Evans : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 45), Cock (1986)

Urbanus simplicius (Stoll, 1790)

Thymele simplicius (Stoll) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus simplicius (Stoll) : Kaye (1904, no. 206), Kaye (1921, no. 307), Barcant (1970, no. 389)

Goniurus simplicius (Stoll) : Williams and Bell (1931), Pliske (1973)

Urbanus simplicius (Stoll) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981a), Cock (1982, no. 46), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Urbanus procne (Plötz, 1881)

Urbanus procne (Plötz) : Evans (1952), Cock (1981a), Cock (1982, no. 47), Cock (1986)

Urbanus carmelita (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) trebia (Möschler, 1879)

Eudamus carmelita nigricauda Godman and Salvin : Kaye (1940), Barcant (1970, no. 399) [synonym]

Urbanus carmelita trebia (Möschler) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 48), Cock (1984a), Cock (1986)

Listed as U. trebia in Warren et al. (2014), but I have traced no formal change of status.

Urbanus doryssus doryssus (Swainson, 1831)

Thymele brachius (Geyer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Eudamus brachius (Geyer) : Kaye (1904, no. 209), Kaye (1921, no. 309), Barcant (1970, no. 391)

Urbanus doryssus doryssus (Swainson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 49), Cock (1986), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Astraptes talus (Cramer, 1777)

Epargyreus talus (Cramer) : Kaye (1904, no. 222), Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 318), Barcant (1970, no. 404)

Astraptes talus (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 50), Cock (1988), Cock (2006b)

Astraptes fulgerator fulgerator (Walch, 1775)

Thymele fulgerator (Walch) : Crowfoot (1893), Kaye (1921, no. 327), Barcant (1970, no. 414)

Astraptes fulgerator fulgerator (Walch) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 51), Cock (1988)

Hebert et al. (2004) have shown that in Costa Rica, this “species” actually comprises 10 distinct species with different larvae and food plants, which were subsequently named by Brower (2010) based on their barcodes. I am only aware of one form of this species in Trinidad, which has been only found feeding on Senna bacillaris ( Cock 1988) , and matches none of the Costa Rican species. The caterpillar matches that illustrated by Sepp (1829 –1843) for Papilio fulminator Sepp , which is currently treated as a synonym of A. f. fulgerator .

Astraptes apastus apastus (Cramer, 1777)

Telegonus apastus (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893), Kaye (1904, no. 217), Kaye (1921, no. 322), Barcant (1970, no. 408)

Thymele briccius (Plötz) : Kaye (1940, no. 327b), Barcant (1970, no. 417) [synonym]

Astraptes apastus apastus (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 52), Cock (1988)

Astraptes enotrus (Stoll, 1781)

Thymele enotrus (Stoll) : Godman and Salvin (1893 –1901), Kaye (1921, no. 328), Barcant (1970, no. 415)

Thymele egregius (Butler) : Kaye (1940, no. 327a), Barcant (1970, no. 416) [misidentification]

Astraptes enotrus (Stoll) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 53), Cock (1988)

Astraptes janeira ( Schaus, 1902)

Astraptes granadensis (Möschler) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 54) [misidentification]

Astraptes aulestes (Cramer) : Cock (1988) [preoccupied]

Mielke and Casagrande (1992) found A. janeira (Schaus) to be the oldest available name for the species previously misidentified as A. granadensis (Möschler) by Evans (1952) and Cock (1982), and then as A. aulestes (Cramer) ( Steinhauser 1986, Cock 1988), which is a preoccupied name.

Astraptes alardus alardus (Stoll, 1790)

Telegonus alardus (Stoll) : Crowfoot (1893), Kaye (1904, no. 221), Kaye (1921, no. 325), Barcant (1970, no. 411)

Astraptes alardus alardus (Stoll) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 57), Cock (1988), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Noting that A. fulgerator is a complex of species with very similar adults, but different larvae and food plants ( Hebert et al. 2004), the fact that I have reared A. alardus from two different larvae ( Cock 1988) suggests this species too may be a complex.

Astraptes alector (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1867) hopfferi (Plötz, 1881)

Telegonus parmenides (Stoll) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 326), Barcant (1970, no. 412) [suggested misidentification – see Cock (1982, 1988)]

Astraptes alector hopfferi (Plötz) : Cock (1982, no. 58), Cock (1988), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Astraptes anaphus (Cramer, 1777) annetta Evans, 1952

Telegonus grenadensis Schaus : Kaye (1904, no. 219), Kaye (1921, no. 323), Barcant (1970, no. 409) [part; synonym of another ssp.]

Telegomus anaphus (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893), Kaye (1904, no. 220), Kaye (1921, no. 324), Barcant (1970, no. 410) [part; another ssp.]

Astraptes anaphus anetta Evans : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 59), Cock (1988)

Astraptes anaphus (Cramer, 1777) anoma Evans, 1952

Telegonus grenadensis Schaus : Kaye (1904, no. 219), Kaye (1921, no. 323), Barcant (1970, no. 409) [part; synonym of another ssp.]

Telegomus anaphus (Cramer) : Kaye (1904, no. 220), Kaye (1921, no. 324) [part; another ssp.]

Astraptes anaphus anoma Evans : Evans (1952) TL, Cock (1982, no. 59), Cock (1988)

The co-occurence of two subspecies of A. anaphus in Trinidad suggests that either they are separate species, or merely forms. Further life history studies and/or molecular studies should throw more light on this.

Narcosius colossus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) granadensis (Möschler, 1879)

Astraptes colossus rhoda Evans : Cock (1982, no. 55)

Narcosius colossus granadensis (Möschler) : Cock (1988)

Narcosius parisi parisi (Williams, 1927)

Astraptes parisi parisi (Williams) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 56)

Narcosius parisi parisi (Williams) : Steinhauser (1986), Cock (1988)

Calliades zeutus (Möschler, 1879)

Calliades zeutus (Möschler) : Cock (1982, no. 60), Cock (1988)

Autochton neis (Geyer 1832)

Cecropterus neis (Geyer) : Kaye (1904, no. 226), Kaye (1921, no. 336), Barcant (1970, no. 429)

Autochton bocus (Plötz) : Kaye (1940), Barcant (1970, no. 422) [nomen nudum]

Autochton neis (Geyer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 61), Cock (1988)

Autochton longipennis (Plötz 1882)

Autochton longipennis (Plötz) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 62), Cock (1988), Beccaloni et al. (2008) Autochton bipunctatus (Gmelin) : Cock (1982) [incorrectly suggested as misidentification of A. longipennis ]

Autochton zarex (Hübner 1818)

Cecropterus aunus (Fabricius) : Kaye (1914), Barcant (1970, no. 427)

Cecropterus anus (Fabricius): Kaye (1921, no. 334) [misspelling of aunus , a preoccupied name] Cecropterus zarex (Hübner) : Kaye (1904, no. 225), Kaye (1921, no. 335), Barcant (1970, no. 428) Autochton zarex (Hübner) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 63), Cock (1988), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Autochton bipunctatus (Gmelin, [1790])

Thymele bipunctatus (Gmelin) : Crowfoot (1893)

Cecropterus bipunctatus (Gmelin) : Kaye (1904, no. 228), Kaye (1921, no. 338), Barcant (1970, no. 431)

Autochton bipunctatus (Gmelin) : Cock (1982), Cock (1984a), Cock (1988), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Autochton itylus Hübner 1823

Thymele itylus (Hübner) : Crowfoot (1893)

Cecropterus itylus (Hübner) : Kaye (1904, no. 227), Kaye (1921, no. 337), Barcant (1970, no. 430) Autochton itylus Hübner : Cock (1982, no. 64), Cock (1988)

Thessia athesis (Hewitson 1867)

Urbanus athesis (Hewitson) : Cock (1986) [not a Trinidad species]

Steinhauser (1989) established a new genus, Thessia , for this and another related species hitherto placed in the genus Urbanus . Previously known from Tobago ( Cock 1982), this is a new island record for Trinidad, captured by S. Alston-Smith at Point Gourde (♀ xii.1988; ♀ i.1989) and Chacachacare Island (♀ i.1989; ♂ ii.1997).

Cabares potrillo (Lucas, 1857) reducta Mabille and Boullet, 1919

Cabaris potrillo (Lucas) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 436), Barcant (1970, no. 583) [misspelling of genus]

Cabares potrillo reducta Mabille and Boullet : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 65), Cock (1988)

Spathilepia clonius (Cramer, 1775)

Spathilepia clonius (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893), Kaye (1904, no. 214), Kaye (1921, no. 316), Barcant (1970, no. 402), Evans (1953), Cock (1982, no. 77), Cock (1991)

Cogia calchas (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Aethilla bathyllus (J.E. Smith) : Crowfoot (1893) [misidentification]

Thorybes bathyllus (J.E. Smith) : Kaye (1904, no. 230), Kaye (1921, no. 339), Barcant (1970, no. 434) [misidentification]

Cogia calchas (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1904, no. 233), Kaye (1921, no. 340), Lindsey (1925), Williams and Bell (1931), Evans (1953), Barcant (1970, no. 435), Cock (1982, no. 78), Cock (1985b), Cock (1991)

Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819]

Telemiades epicalus epicalus Hübner : Evans (1953), Cock (1982, no. 79), Cock (1991)

Telemiades epicalus Hübner : Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Evans (1953) treated T. epicalus as having three subspecies: T. e. epicalus , T. e. megallus Mabille and T. e. sila Evans. Steinhauser (1975, 1989) showed that Evans had mixed two different valid species under T. e. megallus : T. choricus (Schaus) and T. megallus . Steinhauser (1989) also raised T. e. sila Evans to full species rank, thereby leaving T. epicalus monotypic. S. Alston-Smith (pers. comm.) has suggested that there are two different species treated under this name in Trinidad usage, but I have not been able to investigate this.

Telemiades antiope antiope (Plötz, 1882)

Telemiades antiope antiope (Plötz) : Cock (1982, no. 80), Cock (1991)

Telemiades antiope (Plötz) : Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Bungalotis astylos (Cramer, l780)

Bungalotis astylos (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 67), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Bungalotis clusia Evans, 1952

This new island record is based upon a single female specimen collected by F.C. Urich at light at Sans Souci Estate, Sangre Grande, iii.1991 (in coll. S. Alston-Smith).

Bungalotis erythus (Cramer, l775)

Bungalotis erythrus (Cramer) : Cock and Alston-Smith (1990) [misspelling]

Bungalotis erythus (Cramer) : Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Bungalotis midas (Cramer, l775)

Thymele midas (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Bungalotis midas (Cramer) : Kaye (1904, no. 224), Kaye (1921, no. 331), Evans (1952), Barcant (1970, no. 424), Cock (1982, no. 66), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990)

Bungalotis quadratum quadratum (Sepp, [1845])

Bungalotis quadratum (Sepp) : Beccaloni et al. (2008)

S. Alston-Smith found caterpillars on Inga laurina at Quinam; this food plant record is cited as a personal communication in Beccaloni et al. (2008).

Salatis salatis (Stoll, 1782)

Bungalotis sebrus (C. Felder and R. Felder) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1921, no. 332), Barcant (1970, no. 425) [synonym]

Salatis salatis (Stoll 1782) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 68), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Sarmientoia eriopis (Hewitson, 1867)

Sarmientoia eriopis (Hewitson) : Beccaloni et al. (2008)

New island record collected by S. Alston-Smith from Andrew’s Trace (iii.1992) and St. Anns Ridge (vi.1992) (in coll. S. Alston-Smith).

Nicephellus nicephorus (Hewitson, 1876)

Dyscophellus nicephorus (Hewitson) : Cock (1984a), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990)

Austin (2008) establishes this new monotypic genus for N. nicephorus , which had been placed in Dyscophellus .

Euriphellus euribates euribates (Stoll, l782)

Nascus euribates (Stoll) : Kaye (1940, no. 328c), Barcant (1970, no. 420)

Dyscophellus euribates euribates (Stoll) : Cock (1982, no. 69), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990)

Austin (2008) establishes this new monotypic genus for E. euribates , which had been placed in Dyscophellus .

Dyscophellus porcius porcius (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1862)

Dyscophellus porcius porcius (C. Felder and R. Felder) : Cock and Alston-Smith (1990)

Dyscophellus ramusis (Stoll, 1781) astrapaeus (Hewitson, 1876)

Bungalotis ramusis (Stoll) : Kaye (1921, no. 333), Barcant (1970, no. 426)

Dyscophellus ramusis astrapaeus (Hewitson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 70), Cock and Alston- Smith (1990)

Austin (2008) removes D. porsena Bell from the synonymy of D. ramusis astrapaeus to re-establish it as a separate valid species. He then appears to list D. ramusis astrapaeus as a synonym of D. porsena , which is followed by Warren et al. (2014). However, Austin’s text makes it clear that the two are separate taxa, and the apparent synonymy implied must refer to Evans’ (1952) partial use of the name D. ramusis astrapaeus .

Nascus phocus (Cramer, 1777)

Telegonus phocus (Cramer) : Crowfoot (1893)

Nascus phocus (Cramer) : Kaye (1904, no. 223), Kaye (1921, no. 329), Evans (1952), Barcant (1970, no. 418), Cock (1982, no. 71), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Nascus broteas (Cramer, 1780)

Nascus broteas (Cramer) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 72), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990)

Cock and Alston-Smith (1990) were not aware of any recent records of this species, but since then S. Alston-Smith has reared it from Trinidad.

Pseudonascus paulliniae (Sepp, [1842])

Nascus calpio (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1921, no. 330) [misspelling of caepio , a synonym]

Nascus caepio (Herrich-Schäffer) : Kaye (1914), Kaye (1940, no. 330), Barcant (1970, no. 419) [synonym]

Nascus paulliniae (Sepp) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 73), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008)

Austin (2008) establishes this new monotypic genus for P. paulliniae , which had been placed in Nascus .

Ocyba calathana (Hewitson, 1868) compusa (Hewitson, 1868)

Caecina calanus Godman and Salvin : Kaye (1904, no. 229), Kaye (1940, no. 338a), Barcant (1970, no. 432) [different ssp.]

Ocyba calathana compusa (Hewitson) : Evans (1952), Cock (1982, no. 74), Cock and Alston-Smith (1990), Beccaloni et al. (2008)