Dirrhinodryinus caraibicus ( Olmi, 1984 ) Martins & Melo, 2024

Martins, André L. & Melo, Gabriel A. R., 2024, Phylogenetic analysis of Neotropical Dryinus using morphological characters: new proposed classification for species groups and description of a new genus (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (3) : -

Dirrhinodryinus caraibicus ( Olmi, 1984) comb. nov.

( Figs 2A, B, 3A, C, E, 6, 7A, B)

Dryinus caraibicus Olmi 1984: 849 . Female holotype. Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad, Arima, Simla (CNC, examined through photographs).

Diagnosis: Body predominantly testaceous except, mesosoma black and one dark band at the vertex; metasoma dark brown; forewing with two dark transverse bands. Body with shorter and dense pilosity, except clypeus and eyes glabrous. Head rugose; pronotum rugose, except for several longitudinal carinae; mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, mesopleuron, and metapleuron rugose; propodeum reticulate rugose. Head with vertex flat in frontal view; occipital carina incomplete, present only dorsally; frontal line incomplete near to clypeus; rhinaria composed of two sets in flagellomeres 3–8; notauli complete and divergent in the posterior surface of mesoscutum; stigmal vein of forewing with 2r-rs shorter than 3Rs%4Rs. Enlarged claw with one subapical tooth, and one row of six bristles.

Redescription: Female ( Fig. 6). Approximate body length: 4.8 mm. Colour: Head predominantly testaceous, except sulcus in malar space and vertex black ( Fig. 6B, C); palpomeres testaceous; mandible testaceous, except by brown teeth; clypeus testaceous; antenna testaceous, except flagellomeres 2–3 brown testaceous ( Fig. 6A–C); pronotum testaceous; mesosoma black ( Fig. 6A, D, E); legs testaceous, except part of procoxa, mesocoxa, and trochanter; distal part of metafemur and metatibial brown testaceous; forewing with two dark transverse bands; metasoma brown testaceous. Pubescence: Head mostly with fine and dense pilosity ( Fig. 6B, C); clypeus glabrous, except by anterior margin with dense pilosity; eye with fine, short, and sparse pilosity ( Fig. 6B, C); mesosoma mostly with short and dense pilosity ( Fig. 6D, E); mesoscutum with dense and fine pilosity ( Fig. 6D); mesoscutellum and central portion of metanotum with dense and short pilosity ( Fig. 6D); propodeum with fine and dense pilosity ( Fig. 6E); metasoma with short and sparse pilosity. Integumental sculpture: Head rugose ( Fig. 6B, C); pronotum rugose, except for several longitudinal carinae ( Fig. 6D, E); mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and metanotum rugose ( Fig. 6D); mesopleuron and metapleuron rugose ( Fig. 6E); propodeum reticulate rugose ( Fig. 6E); posterior surface with two longitudinal, incomplete carinae. Structure and proportions: Occipital carina incomplete, present only dorsally ( Fig. 6C). Ocellar ratio: OL = 7; POL = 6; OPL = 4; OOL = 20. Frontal line incomplete, absent near to clypeus. Antennomeres in the following proportions:38: 15: 50: 15: 16: 17: 15: 15: 14: 22. Antenna shorter than head plus mesosoma; 1st flagellomere more 3× than 2nd; 8th flagellomere with two separate sets of rhinaria at the base and a single set apically. Apical margin of clypeus convex. Notauli percurrent and divergent in the posterior surface of mesoscutum ( Figs 3E, 6D); metanotum flat ( Figs 3E, 6D). Stigmal vein of forewing with 2r-rs shorter than 3Rs%4Rs (30: 43). Enlarged claw with one subapical tooth, and one row of six bristles ( Figs 3A, 6F). Protarsomeres in the following proportions: 38: 17: 15: 33: 55, enlarged claw (47). Tibial spur formula 1/1/2. Propodeum with dorsal surface longer than posterior (55: 45).

Male: Unknown.

Examined material: Brazil, Espírito Santo: One female: ‘ UFES n°\ 146535’ ‘BÞSIL: ES: Santa Tereza \ Est. Biol. Santa Lúcia \ 11–12.xi.2009, Möericke,\ próximo ao rio e riacho\ Tavares, MT .; Azevedo ,\ C.O. % eq. col’. ( UFES) . Minas Gerais: One female: ‘ Brasil, MG , Sete Lagoas,\ Embrapa Milho e Sorgo ,\ 19.4442°S 44.1497°W,\ 10–20.v.2010, I. Cruz,\ Armadilha Malaise’ ( MZSP) . Paraíba: One female: ‘ MZSP \ 53429’ ‘ Brasil, PB, João Pessoa \ Mata do Buraquinho \ 07°08’25”S 34°51’ 38”W \ arm. Malaise 28–31.VII.2002, B1\ STP Amarante % eq. col.\\ BIOTA –FAPESP’ (MZSP); one female: ‘ MZSP \ 53430’ ‘ Brasil: PB, João Pessoa,\ Mata do Buraquinho \ 07°08’25”S 34° 51’ 37”W,\ arm. Malaise \ 25–28.VII.2002, B3\ STP Amarante % eq. col. // BIOTA –FAPESP’ (MZSP); one female: ‘ MZSP n°\ 000115’ ‘BIOTA–FAPESP// BÞSIL: PR, João Pessoa,\ Mata do Buraquinho \ 7°08’25”S 34°51’38”W \ Armadilha Malaise –trilha, pto. 1\ 38– 31.vii.2002 \ STP Amarante % eq. col.’ ( MZSP) . Paraná: One female: ‘ BÞSIL : PR, Telêmaco Borba \ Reserva Samel Klabin \ 17/XII/87 arm. Malaise \ Levantamento Entomol. Profaupar’ ( DZUP) . São Paulo: One female: ‘ BÞSIL / SP/ Luiz Antônio \ Estação Ecológica de Jataí \ 21° 36’ 45.5”S / 47° 49’ 06.7”W \ Mata ciliar – Ligth trap. 2\ 28/I/2009 \ RIR Lara’ ‘ Dryinus 10 sp. n.\ exemplar 49D’ ‘ Dryinus caraibicus \ Olmi 1984 \ M. Olmi det. 2013’ ( LRRP) ; one female: ‘ BÞSIL / SP/ Luiz Antônio \ Estação Ecológica de Jataí \ 21° 37’ 23.0”S / 47° 48’ 33.9”W \ Mata ciliar – Ligth trap. 2\ 30/IX/2009 \ N.W. Perioto’ ‘ Dryinus 10 sp. n.\ exemplar 37D’ ‘ Dryinus caraibicus \ Olmi 1984 \ M. Olmi det. 2013’ ( LRRP) ; one female: ‘ MZSP \ 53333’ ‘ MZSP// BÞSIL: SP: Assis \ E. Ecol. De Assis 576m,\ 22°36’37.7”S 50°22’51.4”W \ 21.x.2009, Malaise \ A. S. Soares % eq. col.’ ( MZSP) . Sergipe: one female: ‘ MZSP \ 53394’ ‘BÞSIL: SE, Sta. Luzia do\ Inanhy, Crasto \ 11°22’37.4”S 7°24’50.3”W \ 29.VII–01.VIII.2001, Malaise \ M. T . Tavares % Eq. col. T4 ’ ( MZSP) .

Remarks: Dirrhinodryinus caraibicus comb. nov. differs from Dirrhinodryinus lamellatus comb. nov. by the frontal line complete ( Fig. 5B, C); eye glabrous; occipital carina incomplete and present only at the vertex; mandible base shorter than malar space; antenna with 1st flagellomere 3.2× than 2nd flagellomeres; enlarged claw with one subapical tooth, and one row of six bristles; middle and posteriorly claw of legs with one seta not curved; spur mesotibial present; propodeum with posterior surface with two incomplete longitudinal carinae and without transverse one.

Key to the genera of Dryininae from the Neotropical region

1. Antenna entirely filiform; 1st and 2nd flagellomeres distinctly elongated, about subequal in length; number of maxillary and labial palpomeres variable .............................................................................................................................................................................2

– Antenna with apical flagellomeres distinctly thicker than basal flagellomeres; 1st flagellomere longer than 2nd; maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 3 palpomeres, respectively...........................................................................................................................3

2. Maxillary and labial palpi with four and two palpomeres, respectively; occipital carina incomplete; pronotal lobe not reaching tegula; notauli incomplete and not converging posteriorly; protrochanter straight; enlarged claw without subapical teeth.................................................................................................................................................................................... Gonadryinus Olmi

– Maxillary and labial palpi with six and three palpomeres, respectively; occipital carina complete; pronotal lobe reaching tegula; notauli complete and converging posteriorly; protrochanter elongated and strongly curved; enlarged claw with one or two subapical teeth........................................................................................................................................† Harpactosphecion Haupt

3. Antenna with one set of rhinaria on each flagellomere; pronotal lobe not reaching tegula; middle and posterior claws distinctly curved inward, basal expansion well developed and lacking long setae...................................................... Dryinus Latreille

– Antenna with two sets of rhinaria on each flagellomere; pronotal lobe reaching tegula; middle and posterior claws gently curved, basal portion not distinctly expanded and possessing a long seta ........... Dirrhinodryinus Martins and Melo gen. nov.