Echinostomatidae (Looss, 1899) Poche, 1926

Cremonte, Florencia & Drago, Fabiana B., 2007, Checklist of digenean parasites of birds from Argentina, Zootaxa 1403, pp. 1-36 : 8-12

Family Echinostomatidae (Looss, 1899) Poche, 1926

Chaunocephalus Dietz, 1909

Chaunocephalus panduriformis Travassos, 1922

Host: Ciconia maguari (Gmelin) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: not reported.

Reference: Boero et al. (1972a).

Dissurus Verma, 1936

Dissurus brevis (Boero, Led & Brandetti, 1972) Kostadinava, 2005 Syn. : Psilocollaris brevis Boero, Led & Brandetti, 1972 Host : Anas cyanoptera Vieillot.

Site of infection: small intestine.

Locality: 25 de mayo, Buenos Aires Province. Reference: Boero et al. (1972a).

Comments: Kostadinova (2005a) considers the genus Psilocollaris Singh, 1954 as a synonym of Dissu­

rus.

Drepanocephalus Dietz, 1909

Drepanocephalus spathans Dietz, 1909

Host: Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Obras Sanitarias, Buenos Aires city. References: Ostrowski de Núñez (1966, 1968b).

Echinochasmus Dietz, 1909

Echinochasmus suspensum (Braun, 1901) Kostadinova & Gibson, 2001

Syn.: Episthmium suspensum (Braun, 1901) Travassos, 1922 Host : Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus) .

Experimental host: Gallus gallus domesticus (L.). Site of infection: bursa Fabricii.

Locality: Obras Sanitarias, Buenos Aires city.

Life history: Hi1: Biomphalaria peregrina (d’Orbigny) (natural host) from Totoral stream, De Monte lagoon, Buenos Aires Province. Hi2: tadpoles of Bufo arenarum Hensel (experimental host); metacercariae encysted in muscles.

Reference: Ostrowski de Núñez (1974a).

Comments: Kostadinova & Gibson (2001) tentatively consider the genus Episthmium Lühe, 1909 as a

synonym of Echinochasmus .

Echinochasmus talaensis Martorelli, 1985

Host: Pitangus sulphuratus bolivianus (Lafresnaye) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Los Talas, Buenos Aires Province.

Life history: Hi1: Heleobia castellanosae (Gaillard) (experimental and natural host from Los Talas). Hi2: Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns) (experimental and natural host from Los Talas); metacercariae in gills.

Material deposited: MLP, 1317C.

Reference: Martorelli (1985).

Echinochasmus wernickii (Marcó del Pont, 1926) Kostadinova & Gibson, 2001 Syn.: Equinostomum wernickii Marcó del Pont, 1926 Episthmium wernickii (Marcó del Pont, 1926) Yamaguti, 1958 Host: Oxyura sp. (cited as Podiciper americanos) Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: not reported.

Reference: Marcó del Pont (1926).

Comments: Kostadinova & Gibson (2001) tentatively consider the genus Episthmium Lühe, 1909 as a

synonym of Echinochasmus .

Echinochasmus sp.

Host: Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus) .

Site of infection: small intestine.

Locality: De Monte lagoon, Buenos Aires Province.

Reference: Labriola & Suriano (1998).

Comments: cited as Episthmium sp.

Echinoparyphium Dietz, 1909

Echinoparyphium recurvatum (Linstow, 1873) . Hosts: Gallinula chloropus galeata ( Lichtenstein) , Phimosus infuscatus ( Lichtenstein) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Buenos Aires Province.

Reference: Marcó del Pont (1926).

Comments: Described as Echinostomum equinatus gigas .

Echinoparyphium megacirrus Semenas, Brugni & Ostrowski de Núñez, 1999 Natural host: unknown.

Experimental hosts: Gallus gallus domesticus (L.), Mus musculus L. Site of infection: small intestine.

Locality: Gutiérrez Lake, Río Negro Province.

Life history: Hi1: unknown. Hi2: Diplodon chilensis (Gray) (natural host from Gutiérrez Lake); metacercariae in pericardial cavity, hepatopancreas and gonads; Temnocephala chilensis (Moquin­Tandon) (natural host). Hd: Only mature specimens were obtained from Gallus gallus domesticus . Material deposited: MACN, 389/1, 389/2; UNC.

Reference: Semenas et al. (1999), Viozzi et al. (2005).

Echinostoma Rudolphi, 1809

Echinostoma chloephagae Sutton & Lunaschi, 1980 Host : Chloephaga picta leucoptera (Gmelin) . Site of infection: rectum.

Locality: Islas Malvinas.

Material deposited: MLP, 582C.

Reference: Sutton & Lunaschi (1980).

Echinostoma mendax Dietz, 1909

Host: Cygnus melanocorypha (Molina) .

Site of infection: small intestine.

Locality: not reported.

Reference: Boero et al. (1972a).

Echinostoma parcespinosum Lutz, 1924

Hosts: Pardirallus maculatus maculatus (Boddaert) , P. sanguinolentus sanguinolentus (Swainson) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Los Talas, Buenos Aires Province.

Life history: Hi1: Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) (natural and experimental). Hi2: Pomacea canaliculata (Lamark) , Biomphalaria peregrina (d’Orbigny) , Stenophysa marmorata (Martens) (natural and experimental); metacercariae in mantle cavity or encyst inside the rediae. Reference: Martorelli (1987).

Himasthla Dietz, 1909

Himasthla escamosa Díaz & Cremonte, 2004

Host: Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein.

Site of infection: intestine.

Localities: Orense beach, San Blas, Buenos Aires Province; Puerto Madryn, Fracasso beach and Como­

doro Rivadavia, Chubut Province.

Material deposited: MLP, Holotype 5233; Paratypes 5234. Reference: Díaz & Cremonte (2004).

Ignavia Teixeira de Freitas, 1948

Ignavia olivacei Ostrowski de Núñez, 1967. Host: Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin) . Site of infection: kidney.

Locality: Obras Sanitarias, Buenos Aires city. References: Ostrowski de Núñez (1967, 1968b).

Lyperorchis Travassos, 1921

Lyperorchis inexpectabilis Digiani, 1997

Host: Aramus guarauna guarauna (Linnaeus) . Site of infection: cloaca.

Localities: Punta Blanca, Magdalena; Guaminí lagoon, Buenos Aires Province. Material deposited: MLP, 3323.

Reference: Digiani (1997a).

Nephrostomum Dietz, 1909

Nephrostomum limai Travassos, 1922

Host: Bubulcus ibis Linnaeus.

Site of infection: intestine.

Localities: Pellegrini Lake, Río Negro Province; Punta Blanca, Buenos Aires Province. Material deposited: MLP, 666 C, 3737 D. Reference: Sutton et al. (1982).

Paryphostomum Dietz, 1909

Paryphostomum fragosum (Dietz, 1909) Skrjabin, 1956

Host: Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Obras Sanitarias, Buenos Aires city. Reference: Ostrowski de Núñez (1968b).

Paryphostomum segregatum Dietz, 1909

Host: Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin) . Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Obras Sanitarias, Buenos Aires city. Reference: Ostrowski de Núñez (1968b).

Patagifer Dietz, 1909

Patagifer bilobus (Rudolphi, 1819) Dietz, 1909 Host : Plegadis chihi (Vieillot) .

Site of infection: small intestine.

Localities: Uribelarrea; Punta Blanca; Guaminí and Ramallo, Buenos Aires Province. Material deposited: MLP, 3700/1, 3734/1, 4305/1. References: Boero & Led (1971), Digiani (2000).

Patagifer consimilis Dietz, 1909

Host: Theristicus caudatus (Boddaert) .

Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: La Plata Zoological Garden, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province. Reference: Boero & Led (1968).

Stephanoprora Odhner, 1902

Stephanoprora argentinensis Sutton, Lunaschi & Topa, 1982

Hosts: Podiceps major (Boddaert) , Rollandia rolland (Quoy & Gaimard) . Site of infection: intestine and colic caeca.

Locality: Pellegrini Lake, Río Negro Province.

Material deposited: MLP, holotype 656 C; paratypes 644C, 656 C, 660 C. Reference: Sutton et al. (1982).

Stephanoprora brachyrhynchus Gupta, 1963

Syn. Beaverostomum b. sensu Labriola & Suriano, 2001 Hosts: Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein , L. maculipennis Lichtenstein.

Site of infection: small intestine.

Localitiy: Mar del Plata city, Buenos Aires Province.

References: Labriola & Suriano (2001), Ostrowski de Núñez et al. (2004).

Stephanoprora uruguayense Holcman­Spector & Olague, 1989

Syns.: Stephanoprora dogieli Holcman­Spector & Olague, 1989 S. podicipei Etchegoin & Martorelli, 1997

S. denticulata sensu Torres, Figueroa & Valdivia, 1983 .

Natural hosts: Podiceps major (Boddaert) , Sterna hirundinacea Lesson , Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein , L. maculipennis Lichtenstein , Larus cirrocephalus Vieillot.

Experimental hosts: Gallus gallus domesticus (L.)

Site of infection: small intestine.

Localities: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon Orense beach and Mar del Plata city, Buenos Aires Province; Andean Patagonian Lakes.

Life history: Hi1: unknown. Hi2: Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns) (natural host) from Gutiérrez Lake, Rio Negro Province and Verde Lake, Neuquén Province; metacercariae in gills.

Material deposited: MLP, holotype 3902; paratype 3903; 4584.

References: Etchegoin & Martorelli (1997b), Cremonte et al. (1999), Torres et al. (1983), Labriola & Suriano (2001), Ostrowski de Núñez et al. (2004).

Stephanoprora sp.

Host: Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein.

Site of infection: not reported.

Localities: San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro Province; Rosario Lake, Chubut Province.

Reference: Kreiter & Semenas (1997).