Orasema lasallei, Heraty & Baker, 2020

Heraty, John M. & Baker, Austin J., 2020, New species of Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) from Central and South America, Journal of Natural History 54 (9), pp. 735-754 : 738-742

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2020.1747651

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4329786

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5B946-A025-462B-FEFD-62F0FCD0AE6B

treatment provided by

Carolina

scientific name

Orasema lasallei
status

sp. nov.

Orasema lasallei sp. nov. (lasallei species group)

( Figures 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2 , 3a – d View Figure 3 )

http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DFB5A4A8-6CC0-4C1F-8B5309B8A062C652

Diagnosis

This species is recognised by the antenna with 8 funiculars, basal area and speculum of fore wing bare, basal third of hind wing with sparse microsetae, face generally smooth but with the frons vertically costate, labrum with 6 – 11 marginal digits ( Figure 3a,b View Figure 3 ), clypeus slightly rounded and projecting ventrally and with a distinct anteclypeus. As well, the head and mesosoma are blue green to darkly violaceous, the scape and legs yellow, and the gaster yellowish-brown with dark brown maculations dorsally. Of the specimens where it could be observed, the variation in labral digits ranged from 6 (1 specimen), 7 (5), 8 (7), 9 (5), 10 (3), to 11 (1).

Female. Length 3.1 – 4.9 mm.

Colour: Head and mesosoma blue green, metallic green, or darkly violaceous. Scape yellow; pedicel and anellus yellowish-brown; flagellum dark brown. Mandible yellowishbrown with dark brown margins and teeth; maxilla and labium yellow to pale brown. Coxae same colour as body or dark metallic purple. Fore wing hyaline; venation yellowish to pale brown. Petiole same as mesosoma; gaster yellowish-brown, Mt 1 brown with posterior band of yellow, remaining tergites yellow with dorsal brown band.

Head in frontal view subtriangular; 1.1 – 1.3× as broad as high; face fairly smooth, frons vertically costate and setose, lower face adjacent to clypeus smooth and setose ( Figure 3a View Figure 3 ); scrobal depression deep, laterally rounded, with transverse carinae and a vertical median ridge; dorsal scrobal depressions absent; eyes bare, inter-ocular distance 1.4 – 1.8× eye height; malar space 0.7 – 0.9× eye height; supraclypeal area slightly longer than broad, smooth with weak sculpture along lateral margins; clypeus fairly smooth with short setae; epistomal sulcus vaguely defined and shallowly impressed; anterior tentorial pit strongly impressed; anteclypeus present, ventral margin of clypeus slightly rounded. Labrum with 6 – 11 digits. Mandibular formula 3:2 or 3:3. Palpal formula 3:3. Occiput aciculate, shallowly emarginate in dorsal view, dorsal margin abrupt; temples broad. Scape not reaching median ocellus. Pedicel small and globose. Flagellum with 8 funiculars; flagellum length 1.3 1.4 × head height; F2 broader than pedicel, 1.5 – 2.6× as long as broad, 1.1 – 1.2× as long as F3; following funiculars subequal in length, equal in width; clava subconical.

Mesosoma 1.0 – 1.3× as long as high. Mesoscutal midlobe rugose-reticulate to rugoseareolate, bare; lateral lobe coarsely rugose-areolate for the most part; notauli deep. Axilla rugose-areolate, dorsally rounded, on roughly same plane as scutellum; scutoscutellar sulcus broad, regularly foveate, reaching transscutal articulation medially; scutellar disc as long as or slightly longer than broad, mesoscutellar disc coarsely rugose-areolate; frenal line irregularly foveate; frenum rugose-areolate; axillular sulcus absent to very weakly margined; axillula strongly rugose-areolate. Propodeal disc broadly rounded, without depression or carina; shallowly areolate; callus rugose, with a few small setae; callar nib present or absent. Prepectus triangular dorsally, strongly narrowed ventrally, sculpture rugose. Mesepisternum areolate laterally, smooth ventrally, broadly rounded anterior to mid coxa. Upper mesepimeron smooth and weakly costate to costate; lower mesepimeron costate; transepimeral sulcus weakly impressed. Metepisternum laterally nearly smooth. Propleuron convex, weakly reticulate. Postpectal carina weak. Hind coxa 1.4 – 1.9× as long as broad, weakly reticulate dorsally, becoming smooth ventrally; hind femur 4.7 – 6.3× as long as broad, with short, dense setae apically; hind tibia densely setose. Fore wing 2.5 – 2.7× as long as broad, 2.6 – 2.7× as long as mesothorax; basal cell and speculum bare, costal cell and wing disc densely setose; marginal fringe relatively long; submarginal vein with small setae; marginal vein with dense short setae; stigmal vein 1.4 – 3.0× as long as broad, slightly angled; uncus weak and blunt; stigma with 3 sensilla in a straight line; postmarginal vein 1.3 – 3.6× as long as stigmal vein. Hind wing pilose apically, basal third microsetose but appearing bare, costal cell mostly bare except for several setae in extreme apex.

Metasoma: Petiole cylindrical, linear in profile, 2.1 – 3.3× as long as broad, 1.1 – 1.4× as long as hind coxa, rugose-areolate, anterior carina strong, lateral margin rounded, ventral sulcus absent. Antecostal sulcus crossed by minute carinae; acrosternite posteriorly rounded to weakly angulate; apical setae of hypopygium with four long hairs clustered on each side of midline. Ovipositor slightly curved cephalad; subapical carina weak; first (ventral) valvula with 3 – 4 strong, widely separated teeth, second (dorsal) valvula with 6 – 7 annuli that are broadly separated.

Male. Length 3.46 mm. Head width 1.2× head height; scape yellow; flagellum with 8 funiculars, clava 2-segmented, flagellum length 1.2× head height, anellus minute, difficult to distinguish, F2 2.6× as long as broad, hind femur yellow; petiole 10× as long as broad, 2.9× as long as hind coxa.

Ant Host: Two teneral adults (wings in process of unfolding) taken from nest of Pheidole vorax (Fabr.) (Myrmicinae) .

DNA Matrix Name ( Baker et al. 2020): Orasema _nsp_ ” dus ” _CRI_D4715.

Phylogenetic Position ( Baker et al. 2020): This species has variable placement in different analyses: as sister group to the susanae group in the Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) results (348 loci) or the combined Sanger and AHE results; or as sister to the straminiepes group in the Sanger Sequencing results. In all results, it is placed as a unique branch and is never included within any of the other species groups. Notably, it never groups with the festiva species group, which also have numerous digits on the labrum, suggesting that the multidigitate labrum, versus 4-digitate labrum, arose at least three times within Orasema .

Holotype: Costa Rica: Guanacaste: Santa Rosa Nat. Pk., 300 m, 10°53 ʹ 33”N, 85°45 ʹ 59”W, 1 – 22.vi.1985, D.H. Janzen & I.D. Gauld [1♀, UCRCENT00161412], deposited in CNC. GoogleMaps

Paratypes: Costa Rica: Alajuela: 5 km W San Ramon, 1200 m, 10°05 ʹ 14”N, 84°30 ʹ 49”W vii.1997, O. Castro & P. Hanson [1♀, MUCR: UCRCENT00479322 View Materials ] GoogleMaps . Guanacaste: P. N. Santa Rosa, 200 m, 10°53 ʹ N, 85°45 ʹ W, 24.v-14.vi.1986, P. Hanson [2♀, MUCR: UCRCENT00479339 40 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Santa Rosa Nat. Pk. , 300 m, 10°53 ʹ 33”N, 85°45 ʹ 59”W, 11.v-1.vi.1985, D.H. Janzen, I.D. Gauld [1♂ 2♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00408492 View Materials , UCRCENT00408494 View Materials , UCRCENT00414048 View Materials ] GoogleMaps . Santa Rosa Nat. Pk. , 300 m, 10°53 ʹ 33”N, 85°45 ʹ 59”W, 13.vii-3.viii.1985, D.H. Janzen & I.D. Gauld [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00408493 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Santa Rosa Nat. Pk. , 300 m, 10°53 ʹ 33”N, 85°45 ʹ 59”W, 22.vi-13.vii.1985, D.H. Janzen & I.D. Gauld [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00408491 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Santa Rosa NP Hacienda , 300 m, 10°53 ʹ 33”N, 85°45 ʹ 59”W, 29.v.1978, 6.vi.1978, D. H. Janzen, dry hill [3♀, UMNH: UCRCENT00476435 About UMNH ]. GoogleMaps Limon: Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve , 150 m, 9°40 ʹ 03 ” N, 83° 01 ʹ 47 ” W, 13.vi.2015, M. Branstetter, along stream, trop. rainforest, reared Pheidole vorax nest MGB2656 View Materials [2♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00446848 View Materials (D4715), UCRC: UCRCENT00455978 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps San Jose: Ciudad Colón , 800 m, 9°54 ʹ 33”N, 84°14 ʹ 31”W, vi – vii.1990, Luis Fournier [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT00161411 About USNM ]. GoogleMaps San Antonio de Escazu , 1300 m, 9°53 ʹ 00”N, 84°08 ʹ 00”W, 5.vi.1989, P. Hanson [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00408495 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps El Salvador: 3 mi. W Quezaltepeque , 500 m, 13°49 ʹ 01”N, 89°18 ʹ 29”W, 23.vi.1961, M.E. Irwin [1♀, UCDC: UCRCENT00477843 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Honduras: Olancho: Catacamas, 15°50 ʹ 00 ” N, 85°51 ʹ 00 ” W, viii.1995, R. Cave, lowland gallery forest, Malaise Trap [1♀, MZLU: UCRCENT00242606 About MZLU ]. GoogleMaps Mexico: Chiapas: 1 mi S Rayon, 1280 m, 17° 11 ʹ 25”N, 93°00 ʹ 0”W, 16 June 1965, Burks, Meyer, Shaffner [5♀, deposited in TAMU: UCRCENT00243140 , UCRCENT00243142 – 44 , UCRC: UCRCENT00161424 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Veracruz: Orizaba, 1240 m, 18°50 ʹ 43”N, 97°06 ʹ 14”W, 3. [2♀, MHNG: UCRCENT00412228 – 29 View Materials ]. GoogleMaps Nicaragua: Boaco: Camoapa, 500 m, 12°22 ʹ 00”N, 85°30 ʹ 00”W, xii.1976, W. H. Cross, door yard Gossypium hirsutum , swp [1♀, MEM: UCRCENT00242503 ]. GoogleMaps

Other material examined

Costa Rica: San Jose: San Jose , 1150 m, 9°55 ʹ 00”N, 84°04 ʹ 00”W, M. Valerio [3♀, USNM: UCRCENT00416718 – 19 ]. GoogleMaps

Etymology. Named after John La Salle of the Australian National Insect Collection for his amazing work in Chalcidoidea and the Atlas of Living Australia.

CNC

Canada, Ontario, Ottawa, Canadian National Collection of Insects

MUCR

Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad de Costa Rica, Museo de Insectos

UCRC

USA, California, Riverside, University of California

UMNH

USA, Utah, Salt Lake City, University of Utah, Utah Museum of Natural History

USNM

USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]

UCDC

USA, California, Davis, University of California, R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology

MZLU

Sweden, Lund, Lund University

TAMU

USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A & M University

MHNG

Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle

CNC

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes

MUCR

Museo de Insectos

UCRC

University of California, Riverside

UMNH

Utah Museum of Natural History

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

UCDC

R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology

MZLU

Lund University

MHNG

Museum d'Histoire Naturelle

MEM

University of Memphis

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Eucharitidae

Genus

Orasema

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