Anaphes Haliday, 1833

Huber, John T., Read, Jennifer D. & Triapitsyn, Serguei V., 2007, Paranaphoidea Girault 1913, Zootaxa 1596, pp. 1-111 : 23-25

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1596.1.1

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scientific name

Anaphes Haliday
status

 

Genus Anaphes Haliday View in CoL View at ENA ( Figs. 36–41 View FIGURES 36–41 )

Anaphes Haliday, 1833: 346 View in CoL . Type species: Ichneumon punctum Shaw , by subsequent designation ( Westwood 1839: 78).

Panthus Walker, 1846: 50 . Type species: Panthus crassicornis Walker , by subsequent designation ( Gahan & Fagan 1923: 10). Synonymy by Graham (1982: 202).

Patasson Walker, 1846 : viii. Type species: Panthus crassicornis Walker , by monotypy. Synonymy by Debauche (1949: 64).

Flabrinus Rondani, 1877: 180 . Type species: Flabrinus fabarius Rondani , by monotypy. Synonymy by Bouček (1974: 248).

Anaphoidea Girault, 1909 [61]: 167. Type species: Anaphoidea sordidata Girault , by original designation. Synonymy by Debauche (1949: 64).

Clinomymar Kieffer, 1913: 100 . Type species: Clinomymar peyerimhoffi Kieffer , by original designation. Synonymy by Debauche (1949: 63) but suggested as a synonym by Ogloblin (1935).

Yungaburra Girault, 1933 [440]: 5. Type species: Anaphoidea nitens Girault , by original designation. Synonymy formalized by Huber (1992: 32).

Synanaphes Soyka, 1946: 181 . Type species: Synanaphes ranalteri Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy formalized by Huber (1992: 32)

Ferrierella Soyka, 1946: 182 . Type species: Ferrierella neopratensis Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy formalized by Huber (1992: 32).

Hofenederia Soyka, 1946: 183 . Type species: Hofenederia pectoralis Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy formalized by Huber (1992: 32).

Fulmekiella Soyka, 1946: 184 . Type species: Fulmekiella hundsheimensisi Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy formalized by Huber (1992: 32).

Antoniella Soyka, 1950: 121 . Type species: Fulmekiella stubaiensis Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy by Annecke & Doutt (1961: 21).

Stammeriella Soyka, 1950: 120 . Type species: Stammeriella wolfsthali Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy by Annecke & Doutt (1961: 19)

Mariella Soyka, 1950: 123 View in CoL . Type species: Mariella superaddita Soyka , by original designation. Synonymy by Annecke & Doutt (1961: 21).

Austranaphes Ogloblin, 1962: 49 . Type species: Austranaphes amplipennis Ogloblin , by original designation. Synonymy by Huber (1992: 32).

Diagnosis. Anaphes belongs to the Anaphes group of genera. It is distinguished from other genera in the group as follows: body black or very dark brown; funicle segment 1 conspicuously shorter than remaining segments ( Fig. 40 View FIGURES 36–41 ); fore wing with a single, suberect seta at apex of retinaculum (just at base of marginal fringe of setae) ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 36–41 ) and often with a conspicuous line of micrtotrichia extending from stigmal vein towards wing apex that separates a clear area (marginal space) along anterior margin beyond venation from another clear area (medial space) behind stigmal vein; propodeum divided medially by a sulcus ( Fig. 39 View FIGURES 36–41 ). Fore leg as in Fig. 41 View FIGURES 36–41 . Male flagellum 11-segmented or apparently 10-segmented (in fact, 11-segmented but segment 1 minute and barely visible in some species, e.g. A. nitens ) ( Fig. 37 View FIGURES 36–41 ). Male genitalia as in Fig. 38 View FIGURES 36–41 .

Some Anaphes species bear a superficial resemblance to Pseudanaphes , but the latter have a 3-segmented clava as well as several other distinguishing features, as listed under the latter genus. In Australia, no Anaphes species with 3-segmented clava have yet been found.

Body length. 346–1357 µm.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Curculionidae reported for Australian species ( Huber & Prinsloo, 1990). Elsewhere reported mainly from Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae ; also from Argidae , Brenthidae , Byrrhidae , Ephydridae , Gerridae , Miridae , Tephritidae , and Tipulidae .

Important references. Ferrière (1930), Huber (1992, 2006).

Australian species (8):

A. australia View in CoL (Girault, 1920 [353]: 97) ( Anaphoidea ); Dahms, 1983: 86 (types). TL: Qld , Nelson [= Gordonvale] .

A. diana View in CoL (Girault, 1911 [76]: 215) ( Anaphoidea ); Aeschlimann et al., 1989: 418 (release in Australia, extralimital synonymy). TL: England.

A. galtoni View in CoL (Girault, 1912 [120]: 152) ( Anaphoidea ); Girault, 1914 [215]: 288 (male description); Girault, 1915 [228]: 164 (male description); Ferrière, 1930: 39 (key); Dahms, 1984: 644 (types). TL: Qld, Roma.

A. inexpectatus Huber & Prinsloo, 1990: 340 , 335 (key). TL: Tas., Hobart or Fingal.

A. linnaei View in CoL (Girault, 1912 [120]: 153) ( Anaphoidea ); Ferrière, 1930: 39 (key); Dahms, 1984: 757 (types). TL: Qld, Nelson [= Gordonvale].

A. nitens View in CoL (Girault, 1928 [420]: 262) ( Anaphoidea ); Dahms, 1986: 348 (types); Huber & Prinsloo, 1990: 334 (key), 336 (redescription); Huber, 1992: 53 (types, distribution). TL: Vic., Ferntree Gully. Almost 300 references to this species exist in the world literature. = A. gonipteri ( Ferrière, 1930: 38) (Anaphoidea) ; Girault 1930 [433]: 4 (synonymy). TL: South Africa, Pretoria.

A. saintpierrei Girault, 1913 [165]: 117; Girault, 1915 [228]: 179 (listed); Dahms, 1986: 494 (types). TL: Qld , Cairns, Harvey’s Creek.

A. tasmaniae Huber & Prinsloo, 1990: 338 , 335 (key). TL: Tas., Black Charlies Opening.

Aeschlimann, J. P., Hopkins, D. C., Cullen, J. M. & Cavanaugh, J. A. (1989) Importation and release of Anaphes diana Girault (Hym., Mymaridae), a parasitoid of Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal (Col., Curculionidae) eggs in Australia. Journal of Applied Entomology, 107, 418 - 423.

Annecke, D. P. & Doutt R. L. (1961) The genera of the Mymaridae. Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea. Entomology Memoirs, Department of Agricultural Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, 5, 1 - 71.

Boucek Z. (1974) On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani. Redia, 60, 241 - 285.

Dahms, E. C. (1983) A checklist of the types of Australian Hymenoptera described by Alexandre Arsene Girault: II. Preamble and Chalcidoidea species A - E with advisory notes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 21, 1 - 255.

Dahms, E. C. (1984) A checklist of the types of Australian Hymenoptera described by Alexandre Arsene Girault: III. Chalcidoidea species F - M with advisory notes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 21, 579 - 842.

Dahms, E. C. (1986) A checklist of the types of Australian Hymenoptera described by Alexandre Arsene Girault: IV. Chalcidoidea species N - Z with advisory notes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 22, 319 - 739.

Debauche, H. R. (1949) Mymaridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Exploration du Parc National Albert, mission G. F. de Witte, 49, 1 - 105.

Ferriere, Ch. (1930) On some egg-parasites from Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21, 33 - 44.

Gahan, A. B. & Fagan, M. M. (1923) The type species of the genera of Chalcidoidea or chalcid-flies. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, Washington, 124, 1 - 173.

Girault, A. A. (1909) [61] A new chalcidoid genus and species of the family Mymaridae from Illinois, parasitic on the eggs of the weevil Tyloderma foveolatum (Say). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 17, 167 - 171.

Girault, A. A. (1933) [440] Some beauties inhabitant not of commercial boudoirs but of nature's bosom, notably new insects. Privately printed, Brisbane. 5 pp.

Graham, M. W. R. de V. (1982) The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 82 (B) (12), 189 - 243.

Haliday, A. H. (1833) An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain, which correspond with the Ichneumones minuti of Linnaeus. Entomological Magazine, 1, 333 - 350, 490 - 491.

Huber, J. T. & Prinsloo, G. L. (1990) Redescription of Anaphes nitens (Girault) and description of two new species of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), parasites of Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Tasmania, Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 29, 333 - 341.

Huber, J. T. (1992) The subgenera, species groups and synonyms of Anaphes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the described Nearctic species of the fuscipennis group of Anaphes s. s. and the described species of Anaphes (Yungaburra). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 123, 23 - 110.

Kieffer, J. - J. (1913) Un nouveau mymaride d'Algerie (Hymenopteres). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique Noire, 4, 100 - 101.

Ogloblin, A. A. (1935) Especies nuevas o poco conocidas del genero Gonatocerus. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 7, 65 - 78.

Ogloblin, A. A. (1962) Nuevo subgenero del genero Anaphes Haliday (Mymaridae, Hymenoptera) de la Patagonia. Revista de Investigaciones Agricolas, Buenos Aires, 16 (1), 49 - 57 + 2 pls.

Rondani, C. (1877). Vesparia parasita non vel minus cognita. Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 9 (2), 166 - 213, + pls. IIIa - VIIIa.

Soyka, W. (1946) Beitrage zur Klarung der europaischen Arten und Gattungen der Mymariden (Hym. Chalcidoid.). Zentralblatt fur das Gesamtgebiet der Entomologie, 1 (5 - 6), 177 - 185.

Soyka, W. (1950) Drei neue Mymaridengattungen. Entomologisches Nachrichtenblatt, Burgdorf, 3 (11), 120 - 125.

Walker, F. (1846) Descriptions of the Mymaridae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural Histiry, 18: 49 - 54.

Westwood, J. O. (1839) Synopsis of the genera of British insects. In: An introduction to the modern classification of insects, founded on the natural habits and corresponding organisation of the different families. Pp. 1 - 158.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 36–41. Anaphes spp. Male of Anaphes nitens (Girault) (NSW, “Mill Post”, 6 km SW. by W. Bungendore, xi.1988, W. Wanjura, ex. Gonipterus on Eucalyptus maculata) 36, fore- and hind wings; 37, antenna; 38, genitalia ventral; 39, mesosoma and base of metasoma. Female of A. nitens (South Africa, ex. Gonipterus scutellatus) 40, antenna. Male of Anaphes sp. (NSW, nr. Moppy Lookout, Barrington Tops, 31.54°S 151.34°E, 11.ii.1984, I. Naumann) 41, fore leg.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Mymaridae