Paralimnadia badia ( Wolf, 1911 )

Timms, Brian V., 2016, A review of the Australian endemic clam shrimp, Paralimnadia Sars 1896 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata), Zootaxa 4161 (4), pp. 451-508 : 465-468

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.4.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B9BDEA7-5F2B-465C-B2A8-757B733CCCE7

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685585

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E4878E-FFC9-FFE8-FF70-00E813FFFC23

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Paralimnadia badia ( Wolf, 1911 )
status

 

Paralimnadia badia ( Wolf, 1911) View in CoL

( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 , 5 View FIGURE 5 , 9 View FIGURE 9 )

Eulimnadia badia Wolf, 1911: 270 View in CoL –275; Dakin, 1914: 295 (list), 301 (text). Limnadia badia View in CoL .— Daday, 1925: 149 (key), 151–155, fig. 115; Brtek, 1997: 56 (list); Richter & Timms, 2005: 347 –348; Weeks et al., 2006: 157 (list).

Paralimnadia badia View in CoL .— Rogers et al., 2012: 838.

Type locality. 19 km E of Merredin, Burracoppin Rocks , Western Australia, 31°23’42”E, 118°27’08”E.

Material examined. South Australia: 26.8 km ENE of Wudinna, Corrobinnae Rock, 32°59’25”S, 135°44’27”E, granite pool, 18 July 2012, BVT, 56 specimens, AM P98997 GoogleMaps . Western Australia: Katanning Wells , 72 km E of Bencubbin, no date, P.J. Barwise, 1 in each, WAM C 2848–2852; Bruce Rock, Mr Drummond, August 1930, 1 in each, WAM C3928–3940; Wiaki, 14 September 1933, T.J.Barwise, 1 in each, WAM C3928–3940 & C4929; Nukanui, 21 July 1941, G. Vaughan, 1 specimen, WAM C5916 ; North Kelleberrin , 24 October 1935, J. Green, 1 in each, WAM C51102 51115; Holt Rock , 13 September, 1962, WAM C14296 ; East of Merredin , granite pool, 31°29’S, 118°16’E, 4 July 1964, D. H. Edwards, 11+21+ 10 specimens respectively, AM P55621 GoogleMaps 55623; Albany Highway , granite pool, 34°52’S, 117°45’E, 2 August 1962, D.H. Edwards, 11 specimens, AM P55624 GoogleMaps ; Albany Highway , granite pool, 34°52’S, 117°45’E, 31 October 1961, D.H. Edwards, 8 specimens, AM P55625 GoogleMaps ; Albany Highway , granite pool, 34°52’S, 117°45’E, 16 July 1963, D.H. Edwards, 29 specimens, AM P55626 GoogleMaps ; Yorkrakine Rocks , granite pool, 31°32’S, 117°35’E, 12 December 1952, D.H. Edwards, 5+8+ 1 specimens respectively, AM P55627 GoogleMaps 55629; Yellowdine Rock , large pool, 31°18’S, 119°39’E, 5 July 1964, D.H. Edwards, 12 specimens, AM P55630 GoogleMaps ; East Yellowdine , large pool, 31°18’S, 119°39’E, 5 July 1964, 9 specimens, AM P55631 GoogleMaps ; Moir Rock , 292 mile peg, Great Eastern Highway, temporary pool on granite outcrop, 32°39’S, 121°25’E, 5 July 1964, D.H. Edwards, 9 specimens, AM P55633 GoogleMaps ; Mt Madden , temporary pool of granite outcrop, 33°15’S, 119°50’E, 8 July 1964, D.H. Edwards, 8 specimens, AM P55634 GoogleMaps ; 27.5 km NE of Norseman, Buldania Rocks , temporary pool, 32°05’S, 122°02’E, 4 December 1959, D.H. Edwards, 4 specimens, AM P55664 GoogleMaps ; 59 km N of Beacon, Mt Churchman , granite pool, 29°55’40”S, 117°54’03”E, 3 July 1990, D.H. Edward, 10 specimens, WAM C59540 GoogleMaps ; 11 km N of Beacon, Billiburning Rock , granite pool, 30°10’20”S, 117°54’45”E, 3 July 1990, D.H. Edward, 12 specimens, WAM C59541 GoogleMaps ; 22km WNW of Beacon, Cleary Rocks , granite pool, 30°22’34”S, 117°39’33”E, 3 July 1990, D.H. Edward, 20 specimens, WAM C59542 GoogleMaps ; North Cascade , Peak Charles, 32°52’55.7”S, 121°09’43.2”E, 5 September 1985, M.S.Harvey & T.J. Doeg, 4 specimens NMV J14424 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 33 km NW of Morawa, Bilya Rock , granite pools; 29°00’01”S, 115°52’26”E, 12 July 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 40 specimens, WAM C59543 GoogleMaps ; Petruder Rock , pan gnamma, 30°25’24”S, 116°58’06”E, 14 July 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 17 specimens, WAM C59544 GoogleMaps ; 48 km NE of Mukinbudin, Beringbooding Rock , granite pool, 30°33’35”S, 118°29’36”E, 15 August 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 21 specimens, WAM C59545 GoogleMaps ; 53 km NE of Mukinbudin, Elachbutting Rocks , granite pool, 30°35’32”S, 118°36’41”E, 15 August 1990, I.A. E. Bayly, 17 specimens, WAM C59546 GoogleMaps ; Sandford Rocks , granite pool, 31°13’45”S, 118°45’23”E, 15 August 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 37 specimens, WAM C59547 GoogleMaps ; Jilbadjie Rocks , granite pool, 31°28’46”S, 119°13’53”E, 16 August 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 49 specimens, WAM C59548 GoogleMaps ; Mt Hampton , granite pool, 31°45’43”S, 119°04’11”E, 16 August 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 47 specimens, WAM C59549 GoogleMaps ; Yorkrakine Rock , granite pool, 31°32’35”S, 117°35’36”E, 26 August 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 18 specimens, WAM C59550 GoogleMaps ; Wave Rock , granite pool; 32°26’43”S, 118°54’14”E, 28 August, 1990, I.A.E. Bayly, 34 specimens, WAM C59551 GoogleMaps ; Paynes Find , Bullamanya Rocks, pan gnamma, 29°09’52”S, 117°39’36”E, 15 August 2003, BVT, 55 specimens, WAM C59552 GoogleMaps ; Wardagga Rocks , pan gnamma, 29°21’53”S, 117°26’50”E, 16 August 2003, BVT, 50 specimens, WAM C59553 GoogleMaps ; Petruder Rock , pan gnamma, 30°25’24”S, 116°58’06”E, 14 August 2003, BVT, 62 specimens, WAM C59554 GoogleMaps ; Sullivan Rock , Albany Highway, pan gnamma, 32°22’09.6”S, 116°14’13.5”E, 9 August 2003, BVT, 110 specimens, WAM C59555 GoogleMaps ; Boyigan Rock , pan gnamma, 32°28’08”S, 116°52’53”E, 27 August 2001, BVT, 37 specimens, WAM C59556 GoogleMaps ; Corragin Rock , pan gnamma, 32°19’43”S, 117°53’14”E, 3 August 2003, BVT, 11 specimens, WAM C59557 GoogleMaps ; Puntaping Rock , pan gnamma, 33°19’28”S, 117°23’54”E, 26 August 2003, BVT, 31 specimens, WAM C59558 GoogleMaps ; Burracoppin Rock , 31°23’42”S, 118°28’07”E, 25 July 2010, BVT, 27 specimens, WAM C59559 GoogleMaps ; 34 specimens, AM P98998; Sandford Rock , pan gnamma, 31°13’45”S, 118°45’23”E, 3 August 2003, BVT, 52 specimens, WAM C59560 GoogleMaps ; Beladjie Rock , pan gnamma, 30°57’09”S, 118°52’45”E, 2 August 2003, BVT, 31 specimens, WAM C59561 GoogleMaps ; Jilbadjie Rock , pan gnamma, 31°28’46”S, 119°13’53”E, 27 July 2003, BVT, 53 specimens, WAM C59562 GoogleMaps ; Mt Walker , pan gnamma, 32°04’04”S, 118°245’18”E, 8 August 2004, BVT, 18 specimens, WAM C59563 ; Anderson Rocks , pan gnamma, 32°10’03”S, 118°51’11”E 26 July 2003, BVT, 53 specimens, WAM C59564 GoogleMaps ; Wave Rock , pan gnamma, 32°26’43”S, 118°54’14”E, 27 July 2003, BVT, 53 specimens, WAM C59565 GoogleMaps ; King Rocks , pan gnamma, 32°19’00”S, 119°09’09”E, 26 July 2003, BVT, 38 specimens, WAM C59566 GoogleMaps ; Emu Rock , pan gnamma, 32°27’23”S, 119°24’53”E, 21 September 2003, BVT, 37 specimens, WAM C59567 GoogleMaps ; Emu Rock , pool at eastern base of rock, 32o27’21.4”S, 119o25’15.0”E, 23 September 2003, BVT, 33 specimens, WAM C59568 GoogleMaps ; Old Rainy Rocks , pan gnamma, 29°43’37”S, 119°35’25”E, 22 August 2003, BVT, 36 specimens, WAM C59569 GoogleMaps ; Gnarlbine Rock , pan gnamma, 31°08’55”S, 120°57’25”E, 1 August 2001, BVT, 51 specimens, WAM C59570 GoogleMaps ; Cave Hill , pan gnamma, 31°39’41”S, 121°13’51”E, 17 March 2007, BVT, 23 specimens, WAM C59571 GoogleMaps ; Lilian Stokes Rock , pan gnamma, 33°04’19”S, 120°06’42”E, 24 August 2003, BVT, 36 specimens, WAM C59572 GoogleMaps ; McDermid Rock , pan gnamma, 32°01’16”S, 120°44’13”E, 26 July 2003, BVT, 11 specimens, WAM C59573 GoogleMaps ; McPherson Rocks , pan gnamma, 32°27’10”S, 121°40’28”E, 24 August 2003, BVT, 44 specimens, WAM C59574 GoogleMaps ; Mt Ridley , pan gnamma, 33°17’34”S, 122°07’25”E, 5 September 2004, BVT, 19 specimens, WAM C59575 GoogleMaps ; My Nay , pan gnamma, 33°23’45”S, 122°27’55”E, 13 September 2005, BVT, 14 specimens, WAM C59576 GoogleMaps ; Peak Head , granite pool, 35°07’34”S, 117°57’00”E, 9 May 2005, Darcy Pirolta, 25 specimens, WAM C59577 GoogleMaps ; Afghan Rocks , pan gnamma, 32°21’23”S, 123°40’05”E, 30 August 2001, BVT, 23 specimens, WAM C59578 GoogleMaps ; Balladonia Rocks , pan gnamma, 32°27’39”S, 123°51’52”E, 31 July 2001, BVT, 54 specimens, WAM C59579 GoogleMaps .

Description. Egg. ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 J, K) Spherical with many elongated projections. Mean diameter 222 µm, range 202– 235, n =25). About 30 polygons each elongated round a central groove usually infilled so the groove appears double. Walls of polygons narrow and steep, upper edges uneven and drawn into 3–6 elongated projections, mainly at wall junctions of adjacent polygons. Polygon floors sloping inwards to the groove and with uneven surfaces.

Differential diagnosis. This species is distinctive on many criteria. No other Paralimnadia (or Eulimnadia ) has an egg with an infilled groove within the polygons. The approximately 30 polygons each with 3–6 elongated projections are also distinctive. There are 20 trunk segments compared to 17–18 in most and 15–16 in some limnadiids. Both male and female heads have non-distinctive rostra and antennae, and the palps of the claspers are of typical construction. However the clasper endite III ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 D, E) is by far the largest of any species of Paralimnadia ; it protrudes as much as the diameter of the apical knob. The telson ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 C, H) has about 10 posterior row spines irregularly spaced and sized with the last spine particularly enlarged (about 3–5 times the length of the first). The cercopod ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 C, H) is completely devoid of setae, spines and denticles, a condition unknown in any other Paralimnadia .

Remarks. Unlike other species of Paralimnadia described over 100 years ago, this species is well characterised and types appointed are stored in the Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, (K- 19624) ( Wolf 1911; Richter & Timms 2005). There are also two syntypes in the WAM registered number C390. Only the egg needs to be described.

Distribution and ecology. Paralimnadia badia occurs throughout the wheatbelt of Western Australia and also beyond, into the goldfields and eastern Nullarbor ( Pinder et al. 2000; Timms 2006: fig. 3) ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ). It is absent from acid gnammas in the Northcliffe area of far southwest of Western Australia, but does occur in rock pools in the forested Darling Range ( Bayly 1982, 1997; WAM55624–55626 above). To the north, it reaches as far as rock pools in the Mt Magnet–Yalgoo area, but not as far as Walga Rock near Cue ( Timms 2006, 2012).

There is also one record from the eastern side of the Nullarbor at Corrobinnae Rock on the northwest Eyre Peninsula ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ). Why this population exists well isolated at this site and not anywhere else on this eastern side of the Nullarbor is a mystery. Despite my sampling of gnammas on both sides of the Nullarbor on the same field trip, the Corrobinnae site was not sampled before the shrimp was discovered there. Waterfowl rarely visit, so they are probably not responsible either for its presence there ( Timms 2014). Most likely, eggs were blown across from the western Nullarbor or from further west, but they have not reached other Eyre Peninsula sites from this outlier as winds prevail from the west and almost all studied Eyre Peninsula gnammas as west of this site ( Timms 2014). The possibility that they were once more widespread and have since gone extinct is less likely as the Nullarbor limestone has always been arid with virtually no pools ( Williams 1978).

Paralimnadia badia View in CoL is a specialist inhabitant of pan gnammas and it has been found only rarely in other sites and then in pools nearby (e.g., Emu Rock east of Hyden, collection WAM C59568 above). It is present in such pans throughout most of the wet phase of the hydrological cycle in winter-spring (Timms 2012) and even appears in brief fillings after summer storms (W. Bayly, pers. comm.). Reproduction is by dioecy with mate guarding common ( Weeks et al. 2008; Benvenuto et al. 2009). Multiple hatching events within the one pool are not uncommon ( Benvenuto et al. 2009).

WAM

Western Australian Museum

NMV

Museum Victoria

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Branchiopoda

Order

Diplostraca

Family

Limnadiidae

Genus

Paralimnadia

Loc

Paralimnadia badia ( Wolf, 1911 )

Timms, Brian V. 2016
2016
Loc

Paralimnadia badia

Rogers 2012: 838
2012
Loc

Eulimnadia badia

Weeks 2006: 157
Richter 2005: 347
Brtek 1997: 56
Daday 1925: 149
Dakin 1914: 295
Wolf 1911: 270
1911
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