Cylapus amazonicus ( Carvalho, 1989 ) Wolski, 2017

Wolski, Andrzej, 2017, Taxonomic review of the plant bug genera Amapacylapus and Cylapus with descriptions of two new species and a key to the genera of Cylapini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 57 (2), pp. 399-455 : 420-423

Cylapus amazonicus ( Carvalho, 1989) new combination

( Figs 36 , 56 , 66–70 )

Cylapocerus amazonicus Carvalho, 1989: 82 , Figs 5–6 (new species).

Cylapocerus amazonicus: CARVALHO & FROESCHNER (1994) :489 (list); SCHUH (1995): 21 (catalog); GORCZYCA (2006b): 14 (catalog); SCHUH (2013) (online catalog).

Type material (not examined). BRAZIL: PARÁ: HOLOTYPE: J, “ Amazon River, Gurupá to Santarém , BRAZIL, September 16–17, 1930, Holt, Blake, & Agostini” (Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).

Material examined. BOLIVIA: COCHABAMBA: J and ♀, “Sajta, XI–93, Chapare, Bolivia” ( USNM) . ECUADOR: ORELLANA: ♀, “ Ecuador , Napo prov., Tiputini Biodiversity Stn., 216 m, 0º 37’55” S, 76º08’39 W, 21 October 1998, T.L. Erwin et al. collectors, ex mercury vapor light ; Insecticidal logging of mostly bare green leaves, some with covering of lichenous or bryophitic plants in terre firme forest, Lot 1985, Trans. T –9” ( USNM); J, “ Ecuador , Napo prov., Res.Ethnica Waorani, 1 km.S, Onkone Gare Camp , Trans. Ent., 3 July 1994, 220m, 00º39’10”S, 76 º26’00”W, T.L. Erwin, et al., insecticidal fogging of mostly bare green leaves, some with covering of lichenous or bryophytic plants in terre firme forest, At 3 x–trans, 19 m mark Proj. MAXUS Lot 762” ( Fig. 36 ) ( USNM) .

Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of characters: antennal segment II in males thicker than segment I ( Fig. 36 ); pronotum entirely black except for small, white patches on humeral angle ( Fig. 36 ); hemelytron entirely black except for tiny patch on apex of clavus ( Fig. 36 ); endosoma with four sclerites: es1 short, cylindrical, relatively thin, without denticles at basal two thirds, apical one third globular, serrate, relatively broad; es2 long, cylindrical at basal two thirds, without denticle, weakly broadened at apical one third; es3 strongly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed, basal half without denticles, apical half serrate; es4 arcuate, sharply pointed, without denticles at basal half, serrate at apical half ( Fig. 66 ); left paramere when viewed dorsally with sensory lobe distinctly developed ( Fig. 67 ).

Most similar to C. antennatus , C. luridus , C. marginicollis , and C. tucuruiensis in sharing the tuberculate antennal segment II thicker than segment I in males ( Figs 36, 38 , 43, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60 , 92). It can, however, be distinguished by the almost entirely black pronotum (red laterally in abovementioned species) ( Fig. 36 ) and the shape of the male genitalia ( Figs 66, 70 ). With C. antennatus , C. luridus , C. marginicollis , C. ruficeps , C. stellatus , and C. tenuicornis it shares the endosomal sclerites es1 and e2 broadened and serrate apically ( Figs 71 , 85 , 97, 102 , 110 , 135 ) but can be distinguished by the es3 that is strongly tapering ( Fig. 66 ). Redescription. Male (composite description based on CARVALHO 1989 and the specimens mentioned above). Coloration ( Figs 36 , 56 ). Dorsum castaneous to black, with weakly developed dirty yellow areas. Head black; basal portion of frons, maxillary plate, and buccula tinged with yellow; gula yellow; antenna varying from castaneous red to black; labium black. Thorax. Pronotum black; collar yellow; humeral angle narrowly dirty yellow. Mesoscutum and scutellum black; scutellum narrowly dirty yellow apically. Thoracic pleura black; metathoracic scent gland evaporative area yellow, tinged with fuscous. Hemelytron castaneous to black; apical margin of corium and basal margin of cuneus contrastingly yellow; membrane fuscous. Legs. Coxae and femora black; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Abdomen black, tinged with dirty yellow ventrally. Structure, texture and vestiture ( Figs 36 , 56 ). Dorsum covered with relatively long, semirecumbent and erect setae. Head. Antennal segment II thicker than segment I, gradually becoming narrower toward apex, tuberculate. Thorax. Pronotum. Calli moderately developed. Scutellum moderately convex. Male genitalia ( Figs 66–70 ). Aedeagus ( Fig. 66 ). Endosoma with four sclerites (es1–es4): es1 short, cylindrical, relatively thin, without denticles at basal two thirds, apical one third globular, serrate, relatively broad; es2 long, cylindrical at basal two thirds, without denticle, weakly broadened at apical one third; es3 strongly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed, basal half without denticles, apical half serrate; es4 arcuate, sharply pointed, without denticles at basal half, serrate at apical half. Left paramere ( Figs 67–69 ). Paramere body arcuate; sensory lobe distinctly developed. Right paramere ( Fig. 70 ). Apical process sharply pointed; paramere body with inner margin weakly sinuate, outer margin arcuate; sensory lobe moderately developed.

Female. Similar to male in coloration, structure, texture, and vestiture. Head. Antennal segment II thinner than segment I, weakly broadened apically.

Measurements (in mm). J / ♀ (*: holotype measurements, taken from CARVALHO 1989). Body. Length: 6.40–6.50 / 6.00*–6.60, width 2.10–2.40 / 2.00*–2.10. Head. Length: 0.60 / 0.40*–0.50, width: 1.20–1.34 / 1.20*–1.30, interocular distance 0.50–0.58 / 0.48*–0.55. Antenna. Length of segment I: 0.90 / 0.90*–1.10, II: 5.20 / 3.70–4.10, III: 4.00 / 3.25–3.60*, IV: 4.60 / 2.20*. Labium. Length of segment I: 0.60 / 0.75–0.78, II: 0.90 / 0.88–0.92, III: 0.70 / 1.12–1.20, IV: 0.30 / 0.50. Pronotum. Length: 1.90–2.15 / 0.80*–1.10, width of anterior margin: 1.10 / 1.15, length of lateral margin: 0.90–1.10, width of posterior margin: 1.90–2.15 / 1.80–2.10*.

CARVALHO (1989) gave length of antennal segment II of the holotype as 1.0 mm, apparently by mistake.

Biology. Collected using insecticidal logging of mostly bare green leaves, some with covering of lichenous or bryophitic plants in terre firme forest.

Distribution. Bolivia (Cochabamba) (this paper), Brazil (Pará) ( CARVALHO 1989), Ecuador (Orellana) (this paper).

Figures

Figs 36–40. Dorsal habitus photographs of Cylapus species: 36 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 37–39 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (37 – J holotype, 38 – J, 39 – ♀); 40 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (J).

Figs 56–65. Lateral view of Cylapus species: 56 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 57 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (J); 58 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 59 – C. luridus sp. nov. (J); 60 – C. marginicollis (Distant, 1883) (J); 61 – C. ruficeps Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 62 – C. stellatus (Distant, 1883) (♀); 63 – C. striatus Reuter, 1907 (♀); 64 – C. tenuicornis (Say, 1832) (J); 65 – C. tucuruiensis Carvalho, 1989 (J).

Figs 66–75. Male genitalia of Cylapus amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (66–70) and Cylapus antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (71–75): 66, 71 – endosoma; 67, 72 – left paramere (dorsal view); 68, 73 – left paramere (right lateral view); 69, 74 – apical process of left paramere; 70, 75 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 80–89. Male genitalia of Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922 (80–84) and C. luridus sp. nov. (85–89): 80, 85 – endosoma; 81, 86 – left paramere (dorsal view); 82, 87 – left paramere (right lateral view); 83, 88 – apical process of left paramere; 84, 89 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 97–106. Male genitalia of Cylapus marginicollis (Distant, 1883) (97–101) and C. ruficeps Bergroth, 1922 (102–106): 97, 102 – endosoma; 98, 103 – left paramere (dorsal view); 99, 104 – left paramere (right lateral view); 100, 105 – apical process of left paramere; 101, 106 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 110–119. Male genitalia of Cylapus stellatus (Distant, 1883) (110–114) and C. striatus Reuter, 1907 (115–119): 110, 115 – endosoma; 111, 116 – left paramere (dorsal view); 112, 117 – left paramere (right lateral view); 113, 118 – apical process of left paramere; 114, 119 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 135–144. Male genitalia of Cylapus tenuicornis (Say, 1832) (135–139) and C. tucuruiensis Carvalho, 1989 (140–144): 135, 140 – endosoma; 136, 141 – left paramere (dorsal view); 137, 142 – left paramere (right lateral view); 138, 143 – apical process of left paramere; 139, 144 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.