Codium fragile ssp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot, 1889

Kakkonen, Jenni E., Worsfold, Tim M., Ashelby, Christopher W., Taylor, Andrea & Beaton, Katy, 2019, The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney, Management of Biological Invasions 10 (1), pp. 46-79 : 57

(6) Codium fragile ssp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot, 1889

Status in U.K. – non-native.

Codium fragile ssp. fragile (“green fingers”) has been recorded each year of the monitoring programme since 2014, mainly from rapid assessment samples but also from a scrape sample in 2017. It has been found throughout Scapa Flow and at two sites outside Scapa Flow. Wilkinson (1975) previously reported the subspecies (as C. f. ssp. tomentosoides (van Goor) Silva, 1955 ) from Orkney at Burray Ness on the east coast of Burray and it was reported from renewable energy structures in Orkney by Want et al. (2017) but according to Provan et al. (2008) it has been present in Orkney since at least 1891. It is otherwise widespread and well established throughout the U.K. ( Minchin et al. 2013).