Hemicycliophora undefined-8

Subbotin, Sergei A., Chitambar, John J., Chizhov, Vlamidir N., Stanley, Jason D., Inserra, Renato N., Doucet, Marcelo E., Clure, Michael M, Ye, Weimin, Yeates, George W., Mollov, Dimitre S., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Vovlas, Nicola, Berg, Esther Van Den & Castillo, Pablo, 2014, Molecular phylogeny, diagnostics, and diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes of the genus Hemicycliophora (Nematoda: Hemicycliophoridae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (3), pp. 475-506 : 492-493

HEMICYCLIOPHORA SP. 8

( FIG. 1C, I, O; TABLES 1, S8)

One female Hemicycliophora specimen was detected in California, USA. It is characterized by a body ventrally arcuate in death; cuticular sheath closely fitting most of body, but loosely fitting over vulva and postvulval areas, lateral fields marked by anastomoses and breaks in transverse striae, short, one broken longitudinal line observed in posterior, prevulval region and suggested in anterior body region (but not observed), annuli outside lateral fields, smooth, lip region rectangular with slightly rounded edges and marked by three lip annuli, labial disc slightly elevated, vulval lips modified, about one to 1.5 annulus long, with vulval sheath about two annuli long, tail abruptly conical in posterior third, with greater dorsal curvature than ventral, tapering to a rounded tip. Annulation coarse and distinct over entire body.

This non-identified species resembles H. californica , H. raskii , H. epicharoides , and H. iwia . It differs from H. californica by larger R (275 vs. 210–241), RVanterior end (229 vs. 172–195), Rst (26 vs. 22), Rex (49 vs. 38–46), number of lip annuli (three vs. two). It differs from H. raskii by longer body length, larger R, Rex, RV-anterior end, RVan and Ran, smooth or few ridges on annuli vs. numerous scratches, basal bulb not offset vs. offset from isthmus. It differs from H. epicharoides in having more annuli, i.e. larger values for R (275 vs. 144–209), Rst (26 vs. 15–21), Roes (48 vs. 29–42), Rex (49 vs. 32–41), RV-anterior end (229 vs. 142–167), and RVan (19 vs. nine to 17), annuli smooth vs. with fine scratches. From H. iwia it differs by the absence of irregular longitudinal striae, presence of a moderate-sized isthmus and basal bulb vs. very short isthmus and large, round basal bulb, tail end annuli shorter than other tail annuli vs. about equal size (according to Brzeski & Ivanova, 1978), larger R (275 vs. 188–245), RV-anterior end (229 vs. 158–181), RVan (19 vs. ten to 16), and Ran (27 vs. 16– 24). This species is clearly different from the abovementioned species in the ITS and D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequences.

HEMICYCLIOPHORA SP. 9 (FIG. S16; TABLES 1, S8)

Female body straight or ventrally arcuate, cuticular sheath closely adpressed to inner cuticle over entire body, occasionally loosely fitting on one side over pre- or postvulval body. Lateral fields marked by irregular continuous, breaks and anastomoses of transverse striae throughout body configuring a short, broken, faint central line, additionally one to two short, irregular often faint lines mark each annulus at midbody region, often joining to form one or two irregular, broken longitudinal lines on either side of central portion, forming an irregular row of blocks. Sometimes, a few additional scattered longitudinal lines mark annuli in central body region. Outside lateral fields, annuli marked with more or less distinct fine longitudinal lines, lip region with two annuli, rounded anteriorly, labial disc rounded-rectangular in lateral view, elevated, stylet knobs elongate oblong, posteriorly sloped with moderately large cavity, vulval lips not modified, very slightly bulged if at all, almost no discontinuity in body contour, vulval sheath absent. Postvulval body not contracted behind vulva, cylindrical to anus. Tail tapering uniformly and gradually in anterior half, then more abruptly conoid, sometimes dorsally offset in posterior portion extending to a narrower elongate conoid, almost spike-like terminal portion with a narrowly rounded to subacute terminus. Tail terminus annulation irregular, often distinct. Males were not found. This species was detected in Germany, Greece, and Russia.

Hemicycliophora sp. 9 is morphometrically, and for the most part, morphologically similar to Hemicycliophora labiata Colbran, 1960 . It differs from this species mainly by the shape of the vulval lips (not modified, only slightly bulged vs. modified, elongate), absence of vulval sheath vs. present and two to three annuli long, and contour of the postvulval body immediately behind vulva (not contracted vs. contract- ed). These characters alone are insufficient to morphologically distinguish this species from H. labiata , and indeed, they may be considered intraspecific variations. However, pending further detailed study, Hemicycliophora sp. 9 is currently left as non-identified.

Figures

Figure 1. Photomicrographs of specimens of populations of selected Hemicycliophora species. A–F, anterior region; G–L, lateral field; M–R, posterior region. A, G, M, Hemicycliophora conida (Washington State, USA); B, H, N, Hemicycliophora sp. 3 (Arizona, USA); C, I, O, Hemicycliophora sp. 8 (California, USA); D, J, P, Hemicycliophora raskii (California, USA); E, K, Q, Hemicycliophora sp. 10 (California, USA); F, L, R, Hemicycliophora californica (California, USA). Scale bars: A–F, M–R = 10 μm; G–L = 5 μm.