Antichiropus forcipatus Car, 2019

Car, Catherine A., Harvey, Mark S., Hillyer, Mia J. & Huey, Joel A., 2019, The millipede genus Antichiropus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae), part 3: species of the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia, Zootaxa 4617 (1), pp. 1-71 : 29-31

Antichiropus forcipatus Car , n. sp.

( Figs 15 A–F, 16)

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:732F43CA-D58B-4C2E-8DC6-EDF5F92B0185

Type material examined. Australia: Western Australia: holotype male, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’32.00”S, 119°06’54.01”E, 19 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107886 , GenBank accession number 12S, MK 735757 ; 28S, MK 735817 ; COI, MK 735872 ; COIII, MK 735939 ; CytB, MK 735991 ) . Paratype: 1 male, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’32.00”S, 119°06’54.01”E, 19 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107885 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735871 ) .

Other material examined. Australia: Western Australia: 1 female, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’56.01”S, 119°05’27.06”E, 19 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gorge, P. Bolton ( WAM T107862 , Gen- Bank accession number COI, MK 735866 ) ; 1 juvenile (damaged) Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°11’15.06”S, 119°05’57.09”E, 22 June 2010, hand collected in sandstone gorge, P. Bolton ( WAM T107866 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735867 ) ; 1 juvenile (damaged) Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°11’15.06”S, 119°05’57.09”E, 22 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap, sandstone gorge, P. Bolton ( WAM T107867 ) ; 1 juvenile, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’55.08”S, 119°05’19.07”E, 17 June 2010, hand collected on east facing ridge, P. Bolton ( WAM T107879 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735868 ) ; 1 juvenile, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’55.08”S, 119°05’19.07”E, 17 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall on east facing ridge, P. Bolton ( WAM T107882 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735869 ) ; 1 juvenile (damaged), Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’32.00”S, 119°06’54.01”E, 19 June 2010, hand collected from gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107884 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735870 ) ; 2 juveniles (damaged), Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’42.06”S, 119°05’55.02”E, 18 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107887 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735873 ) ; 1 juvenile, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’42.06”S, 119°05’55.02”E, 18 June– 28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107888 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735874 ) ; 1 juvenile, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’46.09”S, 119°06’23.03”E, 18 June–28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in north facing gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107890 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735875 ) ; 1 female (damaged), Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’46.09”S, 119°06’23.03”E, 18 June 2010 – 28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in north facing gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T107891 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735876 ) ; 1 female, Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’32.00”S, 119°06’54.01”E, 19 June 2010 – 28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T 112613 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735878 ) ; 6 juveniles, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’17.24”S, 119°11’48”E, 22 January 2012, hand collected, drainage line, A. Scarfone ( WAM T120055 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735880 ) ; 4 juveniles, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’17.24”S, 119°11’48”E, 22 January 2012, hand collected, drainage line, P. Bolton,. ( WAM T120056 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735881 ) ; 1 male, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°07’36.66”S, 119°12’07.07”E, 23 January 2012, hand collected, drainage line, P. Bolton ( WAM T120057 , GenBank accession number 12S, MK 735760 ; 28S, MK 735820 ; COI, MK 735882 ; COIII, MK 735941 ; CytB, MK 735992 ) ; 1 juvenile, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°07’03.15”S, 119°11’40.95”E, 25 January 2012, hand collected, creekline, A. Scarfone ( WAM T120058 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735883 ) ; 7 juveniles, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’17.24”S, 119°11’48”E, 25 January 2012, hand collected, creekline, P. Bolton ( WAM T120059 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735884 ) ; 2 females, ca. 150 km W. Marble Bar, 21°05’53.19”S, 119°11’10.93”E, 25 January 2012, hand collected, riverine, P. Bolton ( WAM T120060 , GenBank accession number COI, MK 735885 ) ; 1 male (posterior segments removed), 27.5 km ENE. of Wodgina, Pilbara Biological Survey site MBW03, 21°03’46”S, 118°54’40”E, 23 September 2005 – 15 May 2006, in ethylene glycol, CALM staff (Pilbara Biological Survey) ( WAM T124509 , GenBank accession number 28S, MK 735824 ) ; 1 male (damaged), 30 km NE. of Wodgina, 21°01’52”S, 118°54’38”E, 23 September 2005 – 15 May 2006, in ethylene glycol, CALM staff (Pilbara Biological Survey) ( WAM T137456 ) ; 2 males (1 badly damaged), 3 females, 3 juveniles, ca. 150 km W. of Marble Bar, 21°07’36.66”S, 119°12’07.07”E, 23 January 2012, hand collected, P. Bolton ( WAM T146709 ) ; 1 juvenile (damaged), Abydos, ca. 64 km W. Marble Bar, 21°08’46.09”S, 119°06’23.03”E, 18 June 2010 – 28 July 2010, wet pitfall trap in north facing gully, P. Bolton ( WAM T146710 ) ; 1 male (posterior segments removed), 1 female, 2 juveniles (badly damaged), 27.5 km ENE. of Wodgina, Pilbara Biological Survey site MBW03, 21°03’46”S, 118°54’40”E, 23 September 2005 – 15 May 2006, in ethylene glycol, CALM staff (Pilbara Biological Survey) ( WAM T146712 ) ; 1 juvenile, 30 km NE. of Wodgina, 21°01’52”S, 118°54’38”E, 23 September 2005 – 15 May 2006, in ethylene glycol, CALM staff (Pilbara Biological Survey) ( WAM T146713 ) .

Diagnosis. Gonopod: there are a number of species in the Pilbara region with relatively slender, upright gonopod femorites, the most similar to A. forcipatus Car , n. sp. being A. procerus Car , n. sp. ( Fig 29 ) and A. sloanae Car , n. sp. ( Fig 36 ). Antichiropus forcipatus . is distinguishable by its long pointed solenomere process and a slender solenomere tip: A. procerus and A. sloanae . have leaf-like solenomere tips. In four species, A. forcipatus , A. uvulus Car , n. sp. ( Fig 38 ), A. nicholasi Car , n. sp. ( Fig 23 ) and A. julianneae Car , n. sp. ( Fig 20 ), the solenomere appears to sit at right angles to the femorite when viewed anteriorly; the latter two are easily distinguished from the former by their curved femorites. Antichiropus forcipatus and A. uvulus both have a well-developed solenomere process, but that of A. forcipatus is long and pointed, while that of A. uvulus is short and triangular.

Description. Male holotype: Body ca. 20 mm long; midbody ring ca. 1.5 mm wide, with distinct, smooth waist, prozonite and metazonite of similar width.

Colour (in alcohol) dark brown overall, paler ventrally ( Fig 15A ); leg colour as for body. No paranota on posterior rings ( Fig 15B ).

Sternites without obvious processes/tubercles, sternal lamella very broad, helmet-shaped. Leg coxal processes absent. Anterior spiracles at midbody flat.

Head smooth, without noticeable sculpturing; frons smooth, with some setae; face narrow, cardines and stipes visible when viewed face-on, maximum width ca. 3x the distance between antennal sockets; sockets separated by ca. 1.5x width of socket.

Antennae of moderate length, reaching to ring 2, not obviously clavate, antennomeres 5 and 6 only slightly wider than proximal ones and relatively slender.

Collum ca. 1x as long as head (in lateral view) ( Fig 15A ).

Gonopod of medium length, reaching posterior edge of ring 5; coxa (C) (damaged in figure) more robust and shorter than femorite with slight ridge on anterior surface; prefemur (PF) considerably shorter than femorite, slightly setose, pronounced prefemoral lip; femorite (F) ca. 2/3 of acropodite length in situ, upright, with a slight narrowing near the apex in medial view; main femoral process (MFP) long (to ca. 1/2 solenomere length), large, relatively broad, asymmetrically pointed; second femoral process (fp1) absent; prolongation of femorite (prof) squat, broad, triangular, coming to a point, ca. 1/3 solenomere length; solenomere (S) relatively short, appearing L-shaped in posterior view, narrower than femorite, of similar thickness along its length to solenomere process 1 (sp1), then narrowing into a rounded end with a small point; solenomere appears to be held at right angles to femorite in posterior and anterior views; solenomere process (sp1) in apical 1/3 of solenomere, as long as prolongation of femorite, large, narrowly pointed, held at right angles to solenomere when viewed posteriorly and anteriorly (Figs 15C–F).

Female: Very similar to male but slightly broader (ca. 2 mm) with a less defined waist on the paranota when viewed dorsally, and stouter when viewed laterally: shorter more slender legs than male (WAM T120057).

Distribution. This species is known only from the Marble Bar area of the Pilbara (as are several other species). This area was originally leased out to pastoralists but has now been extensively mined. It is interesting that, while paradoxosomatids are sensitive to desiccation, several species thrive in Marble Bar, one of the hottest, driest loca- tions in Western Australia (Fig 16).

Remarks. The single juveniles and females listed are assumed to be A. forcipatus as they were collected from the same location and at the same time as the males.

Etymology. This species is named for the shape and position of both the solenomere tip and the solenomere process, together resembling a pair of tongs (Latin, noun, forcipatus, pincers, tongs).

Figures

FIGURE 15. Antichiropus forcipatus Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T107886): A–B, habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–F, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view. Abbreviations: C, coxa; F, femo- rite; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; prof, prolongation of femorite; S, solenomere; sp1, solenomere process1. Scale bars: A = 4 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 20. Antichiropus julianneae Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T144619): A–B, habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–F, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view. Abbreviations: C, coxa; F, femo- rite; fp1, second femoral process; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; S, solenomere. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 23. Antichiropus nicholasi Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T144599): A–B, habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–F, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view. Abbreviations: F, femorite; fp1 and fp2, femoral processes two and three; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; S, solenomere; sp1, solenomere process 1. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 29. Antichiropus procerus Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T144538):A–B habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–F, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view; Abbreviations: C, coxa; F, femorite; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; prof, prolongation of femorite; S, solenomere; sp1 and sp2, solenomere processes 1 and 2. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 36. Antichiropus sloanae Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T144612): A–B, habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–G, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view; G, enlarged lateral view of solenomere tip showing processes. Abbreviations: C, coxa; F, femorite; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; prof, prolongation of femorite; S, solenomere; sp1 and sp2, solenomere processes1 and 2; Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm; G = 0.2 mm..

FIGURE 38. Antichiropus uvulus Car, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T71872): A–B, habitus: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C–F, left gonopod: C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, medial view; F, lateral view. Abbreviations: F, femorite; fp1, second femoral process; MFP, main femoral process; PF, prefemur; prof, prolongation of femorite; S, solenomere; sp1 and sp2, solenomere processes 1 and 2. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C–F = 0.5 mm.