Hemirrhagus coztic, Perez-Miles & Locht, 2003

Mendoza Marroquín, Jorge I., 2014, Taxonomic revision of Hemirrhagus Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae), with description of five new species from Mexico, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 170 (4), pp. 634-689 : 643-648

HEMIRRHAGUS COZTIC

PÉREZ- MILES & LOCHT, 2003

( FIGS 5A–G , 48 )

Hemirrhagus coztic Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003: 368 , figs 7–10 (D ♀).

Type material: Holotype ♀ LAAH, MEXICO: Cueva de San Juan, Km 92.5 FFCC México-Cuernavaca , Tepoztlan , Morelos 26.xi.1978, Col G. López. Examined. Male unknown.

Additional material examined: 1 ♀ and 1 juvenile LAAH, MEXICO: Cueva de San Juan, Tepoztlan , Morelos 26.xi.1978, col. R. Castellanos .

Emended diagnosis: The following character combination is diagnostic for H. coztic . Ocular tubercle reduced, all eyes normally developed; periocular pigmentation strongly marked on anterior eye row ( Fig. 5A, E ). Labial cuspules arranged in two groups ( Fig. 5B, F ). Urticating setae arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour without well-defined margins, the patch is slightly extended laterally ( Fig. 5C ). Spermathecae paired, fused at the base, each lobe widely separated at the base almost by one length, broad at base; slightly bent laterally ( Fig. 5G ). Hemirrhagus coztic differs from all other Hemirrhagus species by the labial cuspules being arranged in two groups.

Distribution and natural history: Known only from Cueva de San Juan, Tepoztlan, Morelos, lives inside the cave ( Fig. 48 ).

HEMIRRHAGUS ELLIOTTI ( GERTSCH, 1973)

( FIGS 2G , 6A–H , 48 )

Schizopelma elliotti Gertsch, 1973: 144 , fig. 2c (D ♀)

Spelopelma elliotti Gertsch, 1982: 91 , fig. 14; Schmidt, 1993: 68, fig. 130; Smith, 1995: 32, figs 12–20; Schmidt, 2003: 117, fig. 65.

Hemirrhagus elliotti Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003: 372 , 373.

Type material: Holotype ♀ AMNH, MEXICO: San Luis Potosí, Municipio (Mpio.) Zaragoza, 5 km north of Valle de los Fantasmas , Cueva de La Laguna , 20.v.1972, col. W. Elliott, P. Lynn, R. M. McEacherm. Examined. Male unknown.

Additional material examined: 1 ♀ AMNH, MEXICO: San Luis Potosí, Mpio. Zaragoza, 40 km east of San Luis Potosí, 5 km to north of Valle de los Fantasmas, Cueva de La Laguna , 20.v.1972, col. W. Elliott, P. Lynn, R. M. McEacherm .

Emended diagnosis: The following character combination is diagnostic for H. elliotti . Ocular tubercle reduced, PLE slightly integumentary and periocular pigmentation strongly marked on AME ( Fig. 6A, E ). Urticating setae arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with anterior and posterior margins straight ( Fig. 6C ). Spermathecae bent later- ally, broad at base, tapering distally ( Fig. 6G, H ). Prolateral face of coxa II and trochanter II without LSC. Hemirrhagus elliotti differs from most Hemirrhagus species in the reduced ocular tubercle with periocular pigmentation strongly marked only on AME. It differs from H. gertschi by the urticating hairs being arranged in only one dorsomedian patch and the spermathecae being bent laterally. The species differs from H. papalotl by lacking LSC on the prolateral face of coxa II and trochanter II and the patch of urticating hairs with anterior and posterior margins being straight.

Redescription: Holotype female: body length (not including chelicerae and spinnerets): 20.31, carapace: 8.98 long, 8.37 wide. Caput not markedly elevated; fovea recurved, width 1.87. Carapace with brown setae ( Fig. 6A ).

Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Periocular pigmentation only present in anterior eye row and strongly marked on AME. PME reduced and PLE slightly integumentary. Eye sizes and interocular distances: AME 0.28; ALE 0.345; PME 0.21; PLE 0.333; AME–AME 0.222; AME–ALE 0.148; PME–PME 0.83; PME–PLE 0.12; ALE–PLP 0.111. Ocular tubercle reduced, width 1.85; length 0.9; clypeus lacking ( Fig. 6E ). Labium: length 1.1; width 1.9; with 11 cuspules. Maxilla inner corner with approximately 95 cuspules ( Fig. 6F ). Cheliceral promargin with nine teeth (proximal to distal: first medium, second-third large, fourth-fifth medium, sixth-eighth large, ninth small). Sternum length 4.0. Sigillae semicircular, third and fourth pairs hardly visible; fourth pair once its length from the margin ( Fig. 6B ).

Leg formula: IV, I, II, III. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 9.60, 4.63, 7.78, 7.78, 6.15, 35.94. II: 8.45, 4.49, 7.31, 7.64, 5.64, 33.53. III: 8.54, 3.87, 6.82, 8.32, 5.74, 33.29. IV: 10.51, 4.22, 9.05, 12.04, 7.03, 42.85. Palp: 7.17, 3.77, 5.63, -, 5.28, 21.85. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.7 long, 1.0 apart; PLS, 2.5 basal, 2.0 middle, 2.3 distal.

Scopulae: tarsi I– IV densely scopulate, III and IV divided by strong band of setae. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate; III scopulate on distal threequarters and IV scopulate on distal third.

Stridulatory setae: lacking.

Legs and palpi LSC in: palp trochanter prolateral and retrolateral faces, femur prolateral and retrolateral faces; leg I trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face.

Chaetotaxy (left side): femora I 1p; II 2p; III 1p, 3r; IV 2p, 3r; palp 2p; patellae none; tibiae I 2p, 9v; II 2p, 11v; III 2p, 9v, 3r; IV 3p, 10v, 4r; palp 1p, 11v; metatarsi I 2v; II 4v; III 3p, 9v, 3r; IV 5p, 12v, 4r.

Genitalia: spermathecae paired, slightly fused, broad at base. Receptacles without neck defined by interior or exterior margin; bent laterally and tapering distally ( Fig. 6G ).

Genitalia variation: the general shape of the spermathecae is similar, but not strongly bent laterally ( Fig. 6H ).

Urticating setae: type VI arranged in one dorsomedian patch on the abdomen, yellowish-orange in colour. All margins of the patch well defined, anterior and posterior margins evenly smooth, straight ( Fig. 6C ).

Colour pattern: live specimens have not been observed. In ethanol the colour is yellowish-brown with the abdomen darker in colour.

Distribution and natural history: Known only from Cueva de la Laguna in San Luis Potosí, México ( Fig. 48 ). The specimens were collected in a shallow cave, less than 50 m deep; there is nothing known about its life cycle. The cave is located in an oak forest area ( Fig. 2G ).

Figures

Figure 2. A–C, Hemirrhagus spp. habitus; D–K, habitat. A, B, Hemirrhagus embolulatus sp. nov., A, holotype male CNAN-T0774, in life, B, paratype female CNAN-T0775, in life; C, Hemirrhagus valdezi sp. nov., paratype female CNAN-T0780, in life; D, Cueva de la Peña Blanca entrance, type locality of Hemirrhagus ocellatus; E, 4 km west of Puerto de la Soledad, pine forest, type locality of Hemirrhagus franckei sp. nov.; F, Bosque del ajusco, pine forest, locality of Hemirrhagus chilango; G, Valle de los fantasmas, oak forest on the road to Cueva de la Laguna, type locality of Hemirrhagus elliotti; H, Cueva de los Potrerillos entrance, type locality of Hemirrhagus stygius; I, Paradero Puerta del Sol, pine forest, locality of Hemirrhagus benzaa sp. nov.; J, Omiltemi, tropical forest-pine forest ecotone, type locality of H. embolulatus sp. nov.; K, El punto, type locality of Hemirrhagus eros. Photos: A: M. Gamache; B, E, I, K: E. Goyer; C: L. Vazquez; D, F, J: J. Mendoza; G, H: J. Cruz.

Figure 5. Hemirrhagus coztic Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003, holotype female LAAH. A, carapace, dorsal view. B, prosoma, ventral view showing the retrolateral projection of the coxa (RP) on coxae of all legs (arrows show this feature only on coxa of third and fourth legs). C, opisthosoma, dorsal view. D, cheliceral teeth, ventral view. E, ocular tubercle, dorsal view. F, labial and maxillary cuspules. G, spermathecae, ventral view. Scale bars = 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (E, F), 0.5 mm (D, G).

Figure 6. A–G, Hemirrhagus elliotti (Gertsch, 1973), holotype female AMNH; H, female AMNH. A, carapace, dorsal view. B, prosoma, ventral view showing the retrolateral projection of the coxa (RP) on coxae of all legs (arrows show this feature only on coxa of third and fourth legs). C, opisthosoma, dorsal view. D, opisthosoma, ventral view. E, ocular tubercle, dorsal view. F, labial and maxillary cuspules. G, holotype spermathecae, dorsal view. H, spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars = 4 mm (D), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (E, F), 0.5 mm (G, H).

Figure 48. Known distribution of Hemirrhagus stygius (Gertsch, 1971), Hemirrhagus elliotti (Gertsch, 1973), Hemirrhagus embolulatus sp. nov., Hemirrhagus eros Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003, Hemirrhagus chilango Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003, Hemirrhagus nahuanus (Gertsch, 1982), Hemirrhagus papalotl Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003, Hemirrhagus grieta (Gertsch, 1982), Hemirrhagus coztic Pérez-Miles & Locht, 2003, and Hemirrhagus perezmilesi García-Villafuerte & Locht, 2010.