Paracloeodes peri Nieto & Salles, 2006

Cruz, Paulo Vilela, Salles, Frederico Falcão & Hamada, Neusa, 2018, Contribution to the taxonomy of Paracloeode s Day 1955 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from South America, Zootaxa 4403 (1), pp. 1-49 : 33-36

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C44D3B71-E315-4533-91E4-D3708E1942A6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6487413
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E087AF-FF9B-FFA0-DAD0-5FC3E5D0E310
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Paracloeodes peri Nieto & Salles
status

Treatment

Paracloeodes peri Nieto & Salles View in CoL

( Figures 21–22 View FIGURE 21 View FIGURE 22 )

Paracloeodes peri Nieto & Salles 2006:12 View in CoL .

Diagnoses. Male imago. 1) stigmatic area of forewing opaque ( Fig. 21E View FIGURE 21 ); 2) hind wing present ( Figs 21F View FIGURE 21 ); 3) abdominal terga and sterna I–VI white and VII–X brown ( Fig. 21C View FIGURE 21 ); 4) posterior margin of styliger plate straight, with small and rounded spine medially ( Figs 21H and 21I View FIGURE 21 ); 5) posterior margin without rounded protuberance.

Mature nymph. 1) frons with two keels ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ); 3) distolateral margin of labrum with bifid and pectinate setae (Fig. 64 in Nieto & Salles 2006); 4) right mandible incisors cleft (Fig. 66 in Nieto & Salles 2006); 5) segment II of labial palpi with distomedial protuberance 2.2–2.5× width of base of segment III (Fig. 68A in Nieto & Salles 2006); 6) hind wing pads present; 7) anterior surface of forefemur with two rows of spatulate setae, one near dorsal and other near ventral margins ( Figs 22B and 22C View FIGURE 22 ); 8) anterior surface of foretibia with few pectinate and stout setae ( Fig. 22B View FIGURE 22 ); 9) anterior surface of foretarsus without setae ( Fig. 22B View FIGURE 22 ); 10) ventral margin of foretarsus with few pectinate and stout setae ( Fig. 22B View FIGURE 22 ); 11) cercus with short spines on each segment ( Fig. 22D View FIGURE 22 ); 12) paracercus with short spines on each segment ( Fig. 22E View FIGURE 22 ); 13) body color pattern as in figures 21A and 21B.

Description. Male Imago. Body 3.78 mm; forewing 3.5 mm; hind wing 0.7 mm; antenna 0.4 mm; tibia I 0.7 mm; tibia III 0.6 mm (n=1). Head dark brown. Turbinate portion of compound eyes dark orange. Antenna with scape, pedicel and flagellum brown. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes slightly oval ( Fig. 21C View FIGURE 21 ); length 1.2× width; stalk height 1.4× height of dorsal portion. Thorax dark brown. Anteronotal and metascutellar protuberance rounded. Legs light brown. Leg I with tibia 1.0× length of femur; tarsus 0.6× length of femur. Leg III with tibia 1.2× length of femur; tarsus 0.6× length of femur. Forewing ( Fig. 21E View FIGURE 21 ) with C and Sc areas opaque; veins light brown; stigmatic area with three cross veins not reaching and three reaching subcostal vein; marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins CuP and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.3× distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.0× width. Hind wing hyaline ( Fig. 21F View FIGURE 21 ), with two complete longitudinal veins; costal process quadrangular, posteriorly projected, located on basal third. Abdomen with terga and sterna I dark brown ( Figs 21C and 21D View FIGURE 21 ), segments II–VI translucid, segments VII–X brown; tracheation black. Caudal filaments lost. Forceps brown ( Figs 21H and 21I View FIGURE 21 ); segment I cylindrical; 0.3× length of segment II; distance between base of forceps 0.5× distance between lateral margins of forceps. Forceps segment III 0.2× length of segment II. Posterior margin of styliger plate straight, with small and rounded spine medially, projected ventrally ( Fig. 21I View FIGURE 21 red arrow); posterior margin without rounded protuberance.

Complementary description. Mature nymph. Length of cercus: 1.9 mm; paracercus: 1.8 mm (n=1). Head. Frons with two keels. Antenna with scape and pedicel subcylindrical; flagellum ( Fig. 22A View FIGURE 22 ) with pointed spines and thin and simple setae on apex of each segment. Labrum (Fig. 64 in Nieto & Salles, 2006) dorsal surface near distolateral margin with two long and thin setae; lateral margin with long and pectinate stout setae ventrally; distolateral and distal margin with bifid and pectinate setae; ventral surface with short stout setae near lateral and distolateral margin. Maxilla with maxillary palp long, 1.5–1.7× length of galea-lacinia. Right mandible incisors cleft. Labium with glossa subequal in length to paraglossa, slightly narrowing toward apex, 1.0× length of paraglossa; inner margin bare ventrally; inner margin, dorsally, with nine stout setae increasing in length apically; apex with one or two stout setae dorsally; outer margin bare ventrally; outer margin with eight stout setae dorsally; ventral surface with few thin setae, and one longitudinal row of thin setae. Paraglossa with pointed apex; outer margin with one row of long and stout setae ventrally; dorsally with row of ten long and stout setae; dorsal surface with two longitudinal rows of setae, one near outer and other near inner margins; ventral surface with one row of five stout setae increasing length near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 1.2× length of segments II and III combined; segment I with thin setae. Segment II distomedial protuberance 2.2–2.5× width of base of segment III; inner margin with long and thin setae; outer margin with many long and thin setae; dorsally covered with thin setae. Segment III inner margin with one row of stout setae ventrally and dorsally; length 1.0× width; covered with short, simple setae. Thorax with foreleg ( Fig. 21B View FIGURE 21 ) ratio 1.5:(0.40mm):1.0:0.4. Forefemur with length about 6.0× maximum width; dorsal margin with row of spatulate setae (in lateral view they look like stout setae); ventral margin with row of spatulate setae (in lateral view they look like stout setae); length of setae on dorsal margin about 0.3× maximum width of femur; anterior surface with two rows of blunt and spatulate setae, one near dorsal and other near ventral margins (in lateral view they look like stout setae); posterior surface with one row of short and blunt setae near ventral margin (in lateral view they look like stout setae). Dorsal margin of tibia bare; ventral margin with one row of robust, concave and pectinate setae; anterior surface with few pectinate and stout setae. Dorsal margin of tarsus with scarce short simple setae; ventral margin with one row of pectinate and stout setae. Mid and hind legs similar to foreleg. Abdomen with gills hyaline; margin with few broad spines intercalating short and thin setae. Tracheae restricted to base of main trunk. Gill I as long as length of segment II to half of III combined; lanceolate. Gill IV as long as length of segment V to half VI combined; lanceolate. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII to X; oblong. Paraproct with 9–19 marginal spines; surface with micropores and short and thin setae; postero-lateral extension with marginal spines. Paracercus with short spines on each segment ( Fig. 22E View FIGURE 22 ). Cercus with short spines on each segment, and long spines laterally ( Fig. 22D View FIGURE 22 ).

Comments. Based on morphological evidence of male imagoes, P. peri cannot be differentiated from P. waimiri . Both male imagoes have hind wings and have the posterior margin of the styliger plate straight, with a small and rounded spine medially. Based on color pattern, both also have abdominal terga and sterna I–VI that are white and VII–X that are brown. However, in P. peri the color pattern is darker than in P. waimiri . Aside from using slight color differences, geography can be used to assist with the identification of male imagoes because P. peri is restricted to a mountain range (1200m) on the border between Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais states, while P. waimiri is an Amazonian species.

Material examined. Eleven nymphs and one male imago reared (with exuviae), BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro state, Nova Friburgo , rio Cascatinha , 1200 m alt., 22.x.2011, 22°20’38.2”S / 042°33’26.2”W, P.V. Cruz, M. Souza cols., INPA GoogleMaps . One nymph, BRAZIL, Minas Gerais state, Itamonte, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , trail beside the abrigo Alsene , first tributary of rio Airuoca , bridge, 2215 m alt., 25.x.2011, 22°21’40.7”S / 044°42’25.1”W, P.V. Cruz, M. Souza cols., CZNC GoogleMaps .