Stirellus Osborn & Ball, 1902

Shah, Bismillah, Naveed, Hassan & Duan, Yani, 2020, Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Stirellus Osborn & Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from Pakistan with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4763 (2), pp. 189-202 : 190-191

Stirellus Osborn & Ball

Athysanus (Stirellus) Osborn & Ball, 1902: 250 (Type: Athysanus bicolor Van Duzee, 1892 ).

Stirellus, Kirkaldy, 1907: 58 .

Doratulina Melichar, 1903: 198 (Type: Doratulina jocosa Melichar, 1903 ).

Phrynophyes Kirkaldy, 1906: 237 (Type: Phrynophyes phrynophyes Kirkaldy, 1906 ).

Anemochrea Kirkaldy, 1906: 329 (Type: Anemochrea mitis Kirkaldy, 1906 ).

Anemolua Kirkaldy, 1906: 329 (Type: Anemolua hanuala Kirkaldy, 1906 ).

Giffardia Kirkaldy, 1906: 336 (Type: Giffardia dolichocephala Kirkaldy, 1906 ).

Arya Distant, 1908: 338 (Type: Arya rubrolineatus Distant, 1908 ).

Trebellius Distant, 1918: 52 (Type: Trebellius albifrons Distant, 1918 ).

Campbellinella Distant, 1918: 69 (Type: Campbellinella illustrata Distant, 1918 ).

Viridomarus Distant, 1918: 69 (Type: Viridomarus capitatus Distant, 1918 ).

Bituitus Distant, 1918: 70 (Type: Bituitus projectus Distant, 1918 ).

Paternus Distant, 1918: 71 (Type: Paternus pusana Distant, 1918 ).

Volusenus Distant, 1918: 72 (Type: Volusenus lahorensis Distant, 1918 ).

Nandidrug Distant, 1918: 74 (Type: Nandidrug speciosus Distant, 1918 ).

Allectus Distant, 1918: 75 (Type: Allectus notata Distant, 1918 ).

Galerius Distant, 1918: 78 (Type: Galerius indicatrix Distant, 1918 ).

Paivanana Distant, 1918: 95 (Type: Typhlocyba indrus Distant, 1908 ).

Gillettiella Osborn, 1930: 689 (Type: Deltocephalus labiatus Gillette, 1898 ).

Bella Pruthi, 1930: 44 (Type: Bella apicalis Pruthi, 1930 ).

Penestirellus Beamer & Tuthill, 1934: 21 (Type: Penestirellus catalinus Beamer & Tuthill, 1934 ).

Sunda Pruthi, 1936: 112 (Type: Sunda ribeiroi Pruthi, 1936 ).

Pseudaconura Linnavuori, 1952: 182 (Type: Pseudaconura luxorensis Linnavuori, 1952 ).

Malagasiella Evans, 1954: 110 (Type: Malagasiella minima Evans, 1954 ).

Umesaona Ishihara, 1961: 246 (Type: Umesaona asiatica Ishihara, 1961 ).

Doratulina (Cymbopogonella) Viraktamath, 1976: 79 (Type: Doratulina longivertex Viraktamath, 1976 ).

Anaconura Emeljanov, 1999: 559 (Type: Stirellus aristidae Emeljanov, 1968 ). Synonymized by Duan et al., 2019.

Coloration and morphology. Yellowish brown to greenish in color. Head variably shaped, slightly to strongly produced. Ocellus present slightly below or on anterior margin. Frontoclypeus straight to slightly convex in profile. Clypeal sulcus prominent. Forewing variably developed, brachypterous to macropterous, usually with three anteapical cells, inner anteapical cell opened at base.

Male genitalia. Pygofer triangular in lateral view, dorsal margin sloping posteriorly and mostly straight or concave distally with short tooth present on the apical half near ventral margins. Valve long, triangular. Style with preapical angle distinct. Connective Y-shaped or H-shaped. Aedeagal base triangular, shaft elongate and slender with no basal hinge and strongly curved anterodorsally. Gonopore apical or subapical.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Remarks. Duan et al. (2019) provided a detailed description of the tribe. Stirellus is heterogeneous and the largest genus of the tribe, distributed worldwide. Variation in external morphological characters including body proportions and coloration explain why many diverse forms were considered previously to represent separate genera. Previously Khatri & Webb (2010) reported 3 known Stirellus species from Pakistan. Recently, Naveed et al. (2020) added 2 additional new species to make a total of 5 known species from Pakistan.

Checklist of the species of Stirellus Osborn & Ball from Pakistan

Stirellus kumratensis Naveed & Zhang, 2020 .

Stirellus lahorensis Distant, 1918 .

Stirellus mankiensis Shah & Duan sp. n.

Stirellus neoconvexus Naveed & Zhang, 2020 .

Stirellus thattaensis Mahmood, Sultana & Waheed, 1972 .

Stirellus tolla Pruthi, 1930 n. rec.

Stirellus viridulus Pruthi, 1930 .

Key to species of Stirellus Osborn & Ball from Pakistan

1. Crown 1.5x longer than breadth between eyes ( Fig. 2A ).............................................. S. lahorensis

– Crown less than 1.5x or equal to breadth between eyes ( Figs 1 A–B, 3A–C, 4A, 5A, 6A, 8A, 9A)...................... ..2

2. Species with yellowish green in color ( Figs 6 A–C, 8A–C).................................................... 3

– Species with ochraceous to brownish in color ( Figs 1 A–D, 3A–E, 9A–C)....................................... ..5

3. Crown anterior margin very slightly angulate ( Figs 6A, 6C , 8A, 8D )................................... S. tolla n. rec.

– Crown anterior margin acutely angled ( Figs 4A , 5A )......................................................... 4

4. Male pygofer long, with rounded apex ( Fig. 5C )................................................... S. viridulus

– Male pygofer short with pointed apex ( Fig. 4E )................................................... S. thattaensis

5. Subgenital plate with macrosetae uniseriate laterally ( Fig. 1H )........................................ S. kumratensis

– Subgenital plate with macrosetae not uniseriate laterally ( Fig. 3K , 10B ).......................................... 6

6. Connective stem shorter than anterior arms ( Fig. 3L ), aedeagal shaft with blunt apex ( Fig. 3 M–N)........... S. neoconvexus

– Connective stem longer than anterior arms ( Fig. 10C ), aedeagal shaft with pointed apex ( Fig. 10 D–E).. .. S. mankiensis sp. n.

Figures

FIG. 2. Stirellus lahorensis (Distant). (after Khatri & Webb, 2010) A: head and thorax, dorsal view; B: face; C: forewing; D: hind wing; E: male pygofer, lateral view; F: male pygofer, dorsal view; G: subgenital plate, valve, style and connective, dorsal view; H: aedeagus, lateral view; I: aedeagus, dorsal view; J: first valvulae; K: second valvulae and detail of apex.

FIG. 1. Stirellus kumratensis Naveed & Zhang. A–B: habitus, dorsal view; C: habitus, lateral view; D: head and thorax, dorsal view; E: face; F: male pygofer, lateral view; G: male pygofer, dorsal view; H: subgenital plate, style and valve, dorsal view; I: connective; J: aedeagus, dorsal view; K: aedeagus, lateral view.

FIG. 6. Stirellus tolla (Pruthi) n. rec. A: habitus, dorsal view; B: habitus, lateral view; C: head and thorax; D: face

FIG. 8. Stirellus tolla (Pruthi) n. rec. A: habitus, dorsal view; B: face; C: head and thorax, lateral view; D: head and thorax, dorsal view; E: face; F: head and thorax, lateral view; G: forewing; H: male pygofer, lateral view; I: subgenital plate, ventral view; J: valve; K: style, dorsal view; L: connective, dorsal view; M: aedeagus, lateral view.

FIG. 4. Stirellus thattaensis Mahmood, Sultana & Waheed. (after Mahmood et al., 1972) A: head and thorax, dorsal view; B: head and thorax, lateral view; C: forewing; D: hind wing; E: male pygofer, lateral view; F: connective, dorsal view; G: style, dorsal view; H: aedeagus, lateral view.

FIG. 5. Stirellus viridulus (Pruthi). (after Khatri & Webb, 2010) A: head and thorax, dorsal view; B: forewing; C: male pygofer, lateral view; D: male pygofer, dorsal view; E: subgenital plate, style and connective, dorsal view; F: subgenital plate; G: style, dorsal view; H: aedeagus, lateral view; I: aedeagus, ventral view

FIG. 3. Stirellus neoconvexus Naveed & Zhang.A–C: habitus, dorsal view; D: habitus, lateral view; E: head and thorax, dorsal view; F: face; G: end of female abdomen, ventral view; H: male pygofer, lateral view; I: male pygofer lobe, lateral view; J: male pygofer, dorsal view; K: subgenital plate, style and valve, dorsal view; L: connective; M: aedeagus, lateral view; N: aedeagus, dorsal view.

FIG. 10. Stirellus mankiensis Shah & Duan sp. n. A: male pygofer, lateral view; B: subgenital plate, valve and style, ventral view; C: connective, dorsal view; D: connective and aedeagus, lateral view; E: aedeagus, dorsal view.