Proteopsis hermogenesii Loeuille, Semir & Pirani, 2019

Loeuille, Benoît, Semir, João & Pirani, José R., 2019, A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), Phytotaxa 398 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

2. Proteopsis hermogenesii Loeuille, Semir & Pirani , sp. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Botumirim, estrada para o Rio do Peixe , entrada a 2.2 km de Botumirim, em frente à fazenda Botafogo, 4 km do início da estrada, 16°53’42”S, 42°59’30”W, 785 m, 18 November 2007, R. Mello-Silva et al. 3008 (holotype: SPF [ SPF221700 ]; isotypes: HUFU, K, UFP, US) ( Fig. 40 D–G , 41 ).

Species Proteopsi argentae simile, sed foliis supra velutina viridula (non sericea argentea ), cypselae valleculis setosis (non glabris) et pappo biseriali (non uniseriali) differt.

Caulirosulas up to 3 m, with several pseudowhorled woody peduncles; stem woody, simple, 4.7–14.6 cm tall, 1.2–3.3 cm diam., covered by greyish to whitish lanuginous leaf sheaths, becoming glabrescent and dark grey. Leaves in pseudo-rosette, sessile to subsessile, leaf sheath 1–1.9 × 2–3.4 cm; blade narrowly elliptic to ovate, more rarely oblong or oblanceolate, 6.3–35.5 × 2.4–13.7 cm, midrib thick and flattened, prominent on both sides, venation eucamptodromous, eventually with secondary veins randomly joined together, adaxial surface greenish, velutinous, minutely bullate (usually appearing flat to the naked eye), abaxial surface densely white to yellowish tomentose, older leaves dark greyish marcescent, margin entire or sometimes subcrenulate, apex obtuse, sometimes slightly acute, base attenuate. Inflorescence scapose, 0.4–3 m long; scape 5–20 per pseudo-rosette, each bearing 1–5 terminal pseudoglomerules; stem erect to decumbent, unbranched, lanuginous, canaliculate, frequently flattened, green-ochreous, becoming dark greyish with age, leafy throughout; leaf-like bracts narrowly ovate, elliptic, sometimes narrowly oblong, 4.7–18.5 × 1.9–8.5 cm long. Pseudoglomerule 2.1–5 cm tall, 3.2–7 cm diam., hemispherical; leaf-like subinvolucral bracts ovate to wide ovate or wide elliptic, 0.8–4.5 × 0.7–2.7 cm long. Capitula 10–44, peduncle 2–9 mm long, sometimes interspersed by leaf-like subinvolucral bracts at base of pseudoglomerule; involucre campanulate, frequently ovoid, 8.7–14 mm tall, 9.6–17.4 mm diam., phyllaries 8–10-seriate, apex acute with an erect to spreading short spiny reddish appendage, upper part dark reddish, lower part stramineous; outer phyllaries lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 3.1–4.9 × 0.5–1.2 mm, lanuginous, sometimes restricted to upper part; inner phyllaries very narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 5.5–10 × 1–1.5 mm long, lanuginous; receptacle flat, fimbrillate, with fimbriae to ca. 1 mm long. Florets 100–140; corolla purple, sparsely glandular-punctate, corolla tube 8.6–15 × 0.3–0.9 mm, corolla lobes 3.4–4.3 × 0.5–0.9 mm, pubescent, apex acute; anther dark purple, apical anther appendages lanceolate, anther base sagittate, obtuse to slightly acute; style shaft 12.8–16.1 mm long, purple, glabrous throughout except for pubescent upper ca. 0.6 mm beneath style-arms, style-arms 3.3–5 mm long. Cypsela cylindrical 1.8–2.7 × 0.7–0.9 mm, conspicuously 10-ribbed, setose in furrows; pappus biseriate, outer series setae 0.3–0.6 mm, free, apex acute, erose, inner series setae 5.3–7.6 mm.

Distribution and habitat: — Brazil (Minas Gerais, restricted to Botumirim and Itacambira region in the Espinhaço Range). Campo rupestre; 785–1332 m.

Conservation status: —The species is known from several populations, all of them outside of any protected area. The area is under threat of forestry plantation ( Pinus spp. and Eucalyptus spp. ), livestock production and mining activities (Maurenza et al. 2015). According to results obtained through GeoCAT analysis ( Bachman et al. 2011) (EOO = 484.6 km 2; AOO = 20 km 2; using a cell size of 2 km 2), the species is classified as Endangered ( IUCN 2017).

Etymology: —The species epithet honors Hermógenes de Freitas Leitão Filho (1946–1996) of the Botany Department of UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, a synantherologist who extensively studied the Brazilian flora.

Taxonomic Notes: — Proteopsis hermogenesii differs from P. argentea by its greenish, velutinous adaxial surface leaves (vs. silvery sericeous), cypselae with setose furrows (vs. glabrous) and biseriate pappus (vs. uniseriate). The new species is restricted to the serras around Botumirim and Itacambira (microregion of Grão Mogol), whereas P. argentea is widely distributed in the Espinhaço Range of mountains in Minas Gerais and southern Bahia . Both species are sympatric in the region of Botumirim.

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Botumirim, Serra da Canastra , 1000 m, 23 July 1985, G . Martinelli et al. 11271 ( BHCB); ibid., São Domingos, trilha para o alto da serra nas encostas do ribeirão São Domingos, 16°51’13”– 16°51’29”S, 43°01’58”– 43°02’26”W, 1332 m, 20 December 2004, R . Mello-Silva & R. C . Forzza 2727 ( K, NY, SPF, US); Itacambira, estrada para Montes Claros, 09 January 1986, I . Cordeiro et al. CFCR 9132 ( K, SPF, US); ibid., estrada Itacambira-Pau d’Óleo, 16 km de Itacambira e 34 km de Pau d’Óleo , 18 November 1992, R . Mello-Silva et al. 630 ( CTES, K, MO, SPF, US); ibid., estrada Juramento – Itacambira, alto da Serra de Itacambira, à direita, 1250 m, 30 September 1997, R . Mello-Silva et al. 1486 ( K, SPF, US); ibid., estrada de Guaraciama para Itacambira, km 79, 16°59’17.7”S, 43°20’42.2”W, 1278 m, 1 September 2014, C. M . Siniscalchi et al. 526 ( SPF) .

XIX. Vinicia Dematteis (2007: 260) . Type:— Vinicia tomentosa Dematteis (2007: 260) .

( Fig. 39 B )

Subshrubs, stems branched. Indumentum tomentose, composed of 3- to 5-armed swollen and asymmetric T-shaped swollen trichomes. Leaves alternate, sessile, with a semi-amplexicaul sheath, blade membranaceous, discolorous, margin entire, flat (not revolute), eucamptodromous venation. Inflorescence a terminal, pedunculate, panicle of glomerules of capitula. Capitulum sessile. Involucre cylindrical; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, imbricate, persistent, pubescent; receptacle areolate. Florets 8–12; corolla purple, tube longer than limb; corolla lobes pubescent; anthers calcarate; style lacking basal node. Cypsela prismatic, pubescent; carpopodium inconspicuous; pappus biseriate, stramineous, outer series shorter than inner series, persistent, paleaceous, inner series caducous, setose, straight. Chromosome number: unknown.

Taxonomic notes: — A monotypic genus from the Serra do Cabral , in the central portion of the Espinhaço Range of mountains in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Known from just one collection. Phylogenetic analyses indicate a close relationship with Minasia , both genera sharing T-shaped swollen trichomes .

Figures

FIGURE 39. Geographic distribution of A. Proteopsis and B. Vinicia.

FIGURE 40. Proteopsis argentea. A. Detail of habit. B. Habit. C. Pseudoglomerule. P. hermogenesii. D. Habit. E. Pseudoglomerules. F. Habit. G. Peduncle and pseudoglomerule. A. by G. Ceccantini. B.–C. by B. Loeuille. D.–E. by C.M. Siniscalchi. F.–G. by M.M. Saavedra.

FIGURE 41. Holotype of Proteopsis hermogenesii Loeuille, Semir & Pirani (SPF221700).