Cambeva notabilis, E. & Costa & M. & Feltrin & Katz, 2021

Costa, Wilson J. E. M., Feltrin, Caio R. M. & Katz, Axel M., 2021, Field inventory reveals high diversity of new species of mountain catfishes, genus Cambeva Katz, Barbosa, Mattos & Costa, 2018 (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), in south-eastern Serra Geral, southern Brazil, Zoosystema 43 (28), pp. 659-690 : 680-682

Cambeva notabilis n. sp.

( Figs 9 , 11I , 12I , 13I ; Table 9)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7495C863-9AB2-4B1B-9822-CD30FE954F10

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype. Brazil • 1 ex., 71.7 mm SL; Santa Catarina State: Grão Pará Municipality: upper Rio Braço Esquerdo , Rio Braço do Norte drainage, RioTubarão basin; 28°08’02”S, 49°24’54”W; about 610 m asl; C. R. M. Feltrin; 17.II.2021; UFRJ 6965 .

Paratypes. Brazil • 1 ex. (C&S), 39.4 mm SL; collected with holotype; UFRJ 6966 • 1 ex., 65.1 mm SL; same locality as holotype; C. R. M. Feltrin; 2.III.2015; UFRJ 10513 .

DIAGNOSIS. — Cambeva notabilis n. sp. is distinguished from all other species of the C. tropeira complex, except C. urubici n. sp., in the presence of a black stripe along flank longitudinal midline during some life stage (vs black stripe along flank longitudinal midline always absent); in C. notabilis n. sp., the stripe is interrupted in the largest specimen (71.7 mm SL), forming a distinctive series of horizontally elongated black spots ( Fig. 9 ), a colouration not seen in any specimen of other species of the C. tropeira complex ( Figs 7 , 8 , 10 ). Cambeva notabilis n. sp. differs from C. urubici n. sp. in having fewer teeth in the premaxilla (39, vs 46-51) and dentary (31, vs 46- 51), and by the presence of round black spots irregularly arranged on dorsum ( Fig. 9B ; vs arranged in two dorsolateral longitudinal rows, often coalesced and forming stripes, Fig. 10B ). Cambeva notabilis n. sp. is also distinguished from C. duplimaculata n. sp. in having fewer dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays (13, vs 16 or 17); from C. longipalata n. sp. in having fewer vertebrae (39, vs 41 or 42), more opercular odontodes (14, vs 10 or 11), dorsal fin origin in a vertical through the centrum of the 21st vertebra (vs between 23rd and 24th vertebrae) anal fin origin in a vertical through the centrum of the 24th vertebra (vs 26th vertebra), and a wider body (10.4-12.4 % SL, vs 8.0-9.7 % SL); and from C. tropeira in having a well-developed pelvic fin (vs pelvic fin absent). Examination of a single cleared and stained paratype for bone and cartilage, indicates that C. notabilis n. sp. also differs from all other species of the C. tropeira complex by the possession of a long antorbital, about three fourths of the sesamoid supraorbital length ( Fig. 11I , vs about half length of less, Figs 11G, H, J, K ), and the absence of a dorsal constriction close to the opercular patch of odontodes ( Fig. 12I ), vs presence ( Figs 12G, H, J ).

DISTRIBUTION. — Cambeva notabilis n. sp. occurs in the eastern forested slope. It is only known from the upper Rio Braço Esquerdo, Rio Braço do Norte drainage, Rio Tubarão basin, altitude about 610 m asl ( Fig. 14 ).

ETYMOLOGY. — From the Latin, the name notabilis (notable) refers to the unique colouration of this new species.

DESCRIPTION

General morphology

Morphometric data in Table 9. Body moderately slender, subcylindrical anteriorly to compressed posteriorly. Greatest body depth in area just anterior to pelvic-fin base. Dorsal and ventral profiles of head and trunk slightly convex, approximately straight on caudal peduncle. Skin papillae minute. Anus and urogenital papilla in vertical through middle of dorsal-fin origin. Head trapezoidal in dorsal view, anterior profile of snout convex. Eye small, dorsally positioned in anterior half of head. Posterior nostril located nearer anterior nostril than orbital rim. Tip of maxillary barbel reaching middle part of interopercular patch of odontodes; tip of rictal barbel reaching anterior margin of interopercular patch of odontodes; tip of nasal barbel slightly posteriorly surpassing posterior margin of orbit. Mouth subterminal. Jaw teeth pointed, slightly curved, irregularly arranged, premaxillary teeth 39, dentary teeth 31. Branchial membrane attached to isthmus only at its anterior point. Branchiostegal rays 8. Cranial fontanels present, posterior fontanel long, anteriorly extending between frontals to reach transverse line close to lateral sphenotic process. Dorsal and anal fins short, subtriangular, distal margin slightly convex; total dorsal-fin rays 12 (iii + II + 7), total anal-fin rays 10 (iii + I-II + 5-6); anal-fin origin in vertical just anterior to dorsalfin base posterior end. Dorsal-fin origin in vertical through centrum of 21st vertebra; anal-fin origin in vertical through centrum of 24th vertebra. Pectoral fin subtriangular in dorsal view, posterior margin slightly convex, first pectoral-fin ray not terminating in filament; total pectoral-fin rays 7 (I + 6). Pelvic fin subtruncate, its extremity in vertical through dorsal-fin origin, or slightly anterior to it; pelvic-fin bases medially in close proximity; total pelvic-fin rays 5 (I + 4). Caudal fin truncate, postero-dorsal and postero-ventral extremities rounded; total principal caudal-fin rays 13 (I + 11 + I), total dorsal procurrent rays 13 (xii + I), total ventral procurrent rays 12 (xi + I). Vertebrae 39. Ribs 14. Single dorsal hypural plate, corresponding to hypurals 3 + 4 + 5; single ventral hypural plate corresponding to hypurals 1 and 2 and parhypural.

Latero-sensory system

Supraorbital sensory canal continuous, connected to infraorbital sensory canal posteriorly.Supraorbital sensory canal with 3 pores: s1, adjacent to medial margin of anterior nostril; s3, adjacent to medial margin of posterior nostril; and s6, on middle part of dorsal surface of head, in transverse line just posterior to orbit; pore s6 nearer its paired homologous pore than orbit or slightly nearer orbit than its paired homologous. Infraorbital sensory canal arranged in 2 segments, each with two pores; anterior segment with pore i1, in transverse line through anterior nostril, and pore i3, in transverse line just anterior to posterior nostril; posterior segment with pore i10, adjacent to ventral margin of orbit, and pore i11, posterior to orbit. Postorbital canal with 2 pores: po1, in vertical line above posterior portion of interopercular patch of odontodes, and po2, in vertical line above posterior portion of opercular patch of odontodes. Lateral line of body short, with 2 pores, posterior-most pore in vertical just posterior to pectoral-fin base.

Mesethmoidal region ( Fig. 11I )

Mesethmoid robust, its anterior margin about straight; mesethmoid cornu narrow, extremity rounded; narrow lateral flap on intersection between cornu and main bone axis, posteriorly extending parallel to lateral bone margin. Minute lateral projection on lateral ethmoid margin close to middle portion of sesamoid supraorbital. Antorbital thin, relatively long, posteriorly supporting anterior infraorbital canal, its posterior extremity near anterior extremity of sesamoid supraorbital; sesamoid supraorbital flat and slender, without processes. Premaxilla sub-trapezoidal in dorsal view, longer than maxilla. Maxilla boomerang-shaped, slender, slightly curved. Autopalatine sub-rectangular in dorsal view, compact, slightly longer than wide when excluding postero-lateral process, medial margin straight, lateral margin nearly straight to slightly curved near posterolateral process; autopalatine posterolateral process subtriangular in dorsal view, with sharp extremity, short, its length shorter than osseus portion of autopalatine length excluding posterolateral process.

Cheek region ( Fig. 12I )

Metapterygoid thin, subtriangular, large, its largest length slightly shorter than horizontal length of quadrate excluding dorsal process. Quadrate slender, dorsal process with constricted base, dorsoposterior margin slightly separated from hyomandibula outgrowth. Hyomandibula long, with well-developed anterior outgrowth; middle portion of dorsal margin of hyomandibula slightly concave. Opercle relatively slender; opercular odontode patch depth about three fifths of dorsal hyomandibula articular facet, with 14 odontodes; odontodes pointed, straight to slightly curved, arranged in irregular transverse rows; dorsal process of opercle short and truncate; opercular articular facet for hyomandibula with small, rounded flap, articular facet for preopercle indistinct. Interopercle moderate, about two thirds hyomandibula length, anterior margin slightly concave; interopercular odontode patch with 20 pointed odontodes, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows. Preopercle compact, with short ventral flap.

Parurohyal ( Fig. 13I )

Robust, lateral process sub-triangular, posterior margin slightly sinuous, latero-posteriorly directed, extremity pointed; parurohyal head well-developed, with prominent anterolateral paired process; middle foramen small, round; posterior process relatively long, about three quarters of distance between anterior margin of parurohyal and anterior insertion of lateral process.

Colouration in alcohol (based on holotype, 71.1 mm SL, Fig. 9 )

Flank, dorsum and head side pale yellow, with rounded black spots; spots distinctively larger on row through longitudinal midlateral line of flank; spots irregularly arranged on dorsum and head. Venter and ventral part of flank greyish white. Barbels dark grey. Fins pale grey. Paratypes, 39.3 and 65.1 mm SL, differing only by spots on longitudinal midlateral line of flank being longitudinally coalesced, forming broad black stripe.

Figures

FIG. 9. — Cambeva notabilis n. sp., UFRJ 6965, holotype, 71.7 mm SL: A, left lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view.

FIG. 11. — Mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, left and middle portions, dorsal view: A, Cambeva diffusa n. sp.; B, Cambeva pericoh n. sp.; C, Cambeva imaruhy n. sp.; D, Cambeva orbitofrontalis n. sp.; E, Cambeva panthera n. sp.; F, Cambeva grisea n. sp.; G, Cambeva duplimaculata n. sp.; H, Cambeva longipalata n. sp.; I, Cambeva notabilis n. sp.; J, Cambeva tropeira; K, Cambeva urubici n. sp. Larger stippling represents cartilaginous areas.

FIG. 12. — Left suspensorium and opercular series, lateral view: A, Cambeva diffusa n. sp.; B, Cambeva pericoh n. sp.; C, Cambeva imaruhy n. sp.; D, Cambeva orbitofrontalis n. sp.; E, Cambeva panthera n. sp.; F, Cambeva grisea n. sp.; G, Cambeva duplimaculata n. sp.; H, Cambeva longipalata n. sp.; I, Cambeva notabilis n. sp.; J, Cambeva urubici n. sp. Abbreviations of structures indicated by arrows are: iac, interopercular anterior concavity; ppe, preopercular postero-dorsal expansion; odc, opercular dorsal constriction; odp, opercular dorsal process; ppp, parurohyal posterior process.Larger stippling represents cartilaginous areas.

FIG. 13. — Urohyal, ventral view.A, Cambeva diffusa n. sp.; B, Cambeva pericoh n. sp.; C, Cambeva imaruhy n. sp.; D, Cambeva orbitofrontalis n. sp.; E, Cambeva panthera n. sp.; F, Cambeva grisea n. sp.; G, Cambeva duplimaculata n. sp.; H, Cambeva longipalata n. sp.; I, Cambeva notabilis n. sp.; J, Cambeva urubici n. sp.

FIG. 7. — Cambeva duplimaculata n. sp., UFRJ 6949, holotype, 83.4 mm SL: A, left lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view.

FIG. 8. — Cambeva longipalata n. sp., UFRJ 6944, holotype, 86.0 mm SL: A, left lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view.

FIG. 10. — Cambeva urubici n. sp., UFRJ 6967, holotype, 65.6 mm SL: A, left lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view.

FIG. 14. — Map of geographical distribution of Cambeva Katz, Barbosa, Mattos & Costa, 2018 in the southeastern nucleus of the Serra Geral (SESG), southern Brazil.