Corythalia flagrans, Bayer & Höfer & Metzner, 2020

Bayer, Steffen, Höfer, Hubert & Metzner, Heiko, 2020, Revision of the genus Corythalia C. L. Koch, 1850, part 1: Diagnosis and new species from South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4806 (1), pp. 1-144 : 101-103

Corythalia flagrans sp. nov.

Figs 4A , 49 A–B, 60D, 67C, 70G

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Type material. Holotype: ♂, BRAZIL: Acre: Rio Branco, Reserva Humaitá , 9°45’00”S, 67°40’12”W, about 150 m a.s.l., leg. Exp. SMNK / IBSP, 10–13 Apr. 1996, in secondary forest, interim deposition SMNK-ARA 02861 , final deposition IBSP 209868 .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the similarity of the long, narrow, slightly curved distal section of the embolus of the male holotype resembling the beak of the sunbird Aethopyga flagrans Oustalet, 1876 ; term (specific epithet) in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males distinguished from those of all other Corythalia species by the following characters in combination: embolus (E) long, broad, strong, complex, with several longitudinal ridges ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C, 70G) and distally with retrolatero-distal, long and narrow extension having retrolateral orientation ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C) and prolatero-distally with flat and stout, very broad conical and small process; distal margin of base of E (EB) in ventral view by far not reaching distal margin of tegulum (T) (gap almost as long as EB itself) ( Figs 49A , 67C ); cymbium alveolus centro-distally with quite broad extension, converging distally and pointing towards distal section of embolus ( Figs 49 A–B); RTA relatively long (slightly longer than width of T) and with dorsal serration ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C, 70G).

Description. Male: total length 6.4, carapace length 3.0, maximal carapace width 2.1, width of eye rectangle 1.9, opisthosoma length 2.6, opisthosoma width 1.8, fovea length 0.28. EYES: AME 0.66, ALE 0.42, PME 0.09, PLE 0.36, AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.07, PME–PME 1.61, PME–PLE 0.24, ALE–PLE 0.70, PLE–PLE 1.3, clypeus height at AME 0.30, clypeus height at ALE 0.72. Cheliceral furrow with 1 promarginal and 1 retromarginal teeth. SPINATION: palp without spines. Legs: femur I 1400, II 1500, III 1600, IV 1600; patella I 1000, II 1010 {1000}, III–IV 1010; tibia I 2002 {2003}, II 3014, III–IV 3133; metatarsus I 2014, II 2024, III 3134, IV 4144{4145}. MEA- SUREMENT OF PALP AND LEGS: palp 2.6 [1.0, 0.4, 0.3, 0.9], I 5.2 [1.6, 0.9, 1.1, 1.0, 0.6], II 5.3 [1.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.0, 0.6], III 6.7 [2.1, 1.0, 1.4, 1.5, 0.7], IV 6.7 [1.9, 0.9, 1.5, 1.8, 0.6]. LEG FORMULA: 3&421 (legs III & IV with exactly the same length). COPULATORY ORGAN: embolus (E) long [slightly longer than width of tegulum (T)], complex, broad, with several longitudinal ridges and retrolatero-distally with long, light and narrow extension having retrolateral orientation and prolatero-distally with broad conical, flat and small process ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C); width of embolus base (EB) circle> 2/3, but <3/4 the width of T; EB located prolatero-centrally at pre-subdistal part of T; T narrower than cymbium ( Figs 49A , 67C ); sperm duct double-stacked S-shaped, occupying minimally more than 1.2 but clearly less than 2/3 of T from retrolateral; proximal tegulum lobe not recognisable as such, but T proximally moderately converging and proximal ending broad rounded (even though irregularly in having somewhat retrolateral orientation), covering about distal half of palpal tibia; cymbium alveolus centro-distally with quite broad extension, converging distally and pointing towards distal section of embolus; cymbium in ventral view distally conically converging, at distalmost section rounded; palpal tibia short, broader than long ( Figs 49A , 67C ) and ventral tibial bump in ventral view quite large, distally rounded, located proximally in prolateral half of palpal tibia and reaching beyond prolateral margin of palpal tibia in ventral view ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C); RTA in ventral view moderately narrow, long (slightly longer than width of tegulum, narrower than embolus at central section), with almost distal direction and with dorsal (or better prolateral if such a straight distally directed RTA is viewed ventrally) serration ( Figs 49 A–B, 67C), in retrolateral view dorsal serration much more clearly recognisable and RTA with ventro-distalmost section narrow and slightly converging but tip still rounded ( Figs 49B , 70G ). COLOURATION: see genus description for conservative aspects. Carapace dark red-brown ( Fig. 60D ). Legs brown to red-brown, except for several articles lighter (see genus description) ( Fig. 60D ). Opisthosoma like noted in genus description under general dorsal colouration, however central transversal band just moderately broad and chevron-like patch in central band missing; posterior band distinctly separated medially; with large, light beige patch reaching medially from central band up to posterior band and converging somewhat in posterior direction ( Fig. 60D ).

Female: unknown.

Remarks. The long, strong, broad and complex embolus, the proximally rounded and quite elongated tegulum and the (long) slender RTA (especially if viewed ventrally) are similar to C. valida and C. tribulosa sp. nov. so we expect a close relationship between these three species. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov. additionally shares the conspicuous and large ventral tibial apophysis with C. tribulosa sp. nov., however, lacks the apophyses centrally on the embolus that are present in the other two species mentioned in this paragraph.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Acre, Brazil.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Corythalia spp., photographic images of habitus, somatic characters and male copulatory organs. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov., male holotype from Acre, Brazil. A Cheliceral bases and claws, labium and gnathocoxae, ventral view; Corythalia luctuosa. B Ventral view, female from St. Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana; D Left palp, prolateral view, male L-1 from St. Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana. Corythalia longiducta sp. nov., female SMNK-ARA 02858 from Amazonas, Brazil. C Prosoma, ventral view, with focus on sternum. Corythalia foelixi Bayer, sp. nov., female from Cayenne, French Guiana. E Spinnerets, ventral view. Corythalia fimbriata, male lectotype from Bahia, Brazil. F Left palp, dorsal view.

FIGURE 49. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov., male holotype from Acre, Brazil. A–B Left palp (A ventral view; B retrolateral view).

FIGURE 60. Corythalia spp., photographic images of male specimens, dorsal view. Corythalia hamulifera Bayer, sp. nov.: A Holotype from south-eastern part of Ecuador. Corythalia tribulosa sp. nov.: B Holotype from Putumayo, Colombia. Corythalia valida: C Lectotype from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov.: D Holotype from Acre, Brazil. Corythalia fragilis sp. nov.: E Paratype SMNK-ARA 02236 from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia grata F Lectotype from São Paulo, Brazil. Corythalia vervloeti: G Male M-1 from Borba, Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia opima: H Male SMF 8437 from La Paz, El Salvador. Corythalia spiralis: I Lectotype from Chiriquí, Panama.

FIGURE 67. Corythalia spp., photographic images of left palps of male specimens, ventral view. Corythalia tribulosa sp. nov.: A Holotype from Putumayo, Colombia. Corythalia valida. B Lectotype from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov.: C Holotype from Acre, Brazil. Corythalia grata: D Lectotype from São Paulo, Brazil. Corythalia fragilis sp. nov.: Paratypes E SMNK-ARA 02232, F SMNK-ARA 02236, G SMNK-ARA 02237-1 and H SMNK-ARA 02237-2 from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia vervloeti: I Male M-2 from Amazonas and J M-4 from Paraná, Brazil. Corythalia opima: K Lectotype from eastern part of Guatemala. Corythalia spiralis: L Lectotype from Chiriquí, Panama.

FIGURE 70. Corythalia spp., photographic images of left palps of male specimens, retrolateral view. Corythalia hadzji: A Lectotype from Upper Demerara-Berbice, Guyana. Corythalia trochophora Bayer, sp. nov.: B Holotype from Tungurahua, Ecuador. Corythalia lineata Bayer, sp. nov.: C Holotype from East Berbice-Corentyne, Guyana. Corythalia hamulifera Bayer, sp. nov.: D Holotype from south-eastern part of Ecuador. Corythalia tribulosa sp. nov.: E Holotype from Putumayo, Colombia. Corythalia valida: F Lectotype from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia flagrans sp. nov.: G Holotype from Acre, Brazil. Corythalia fragilis sp. nov.: H Paratype SMNK-ARA 02236 from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia grata: I Lectotype from São Paulo, Brazil. Corythalia vervloeti: J Male M-2 from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia opima: K Lectotype from eastern part of Guatemala. Corythalia spiralis: L Lectotype from Chiriquí, Panama.