Margarodes Guilding

Watson, Gillian W., 2022, Towards identification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) of continental Africa: 2. Checklists and keys to six archaeococcoid families, Zootaxa 5105 (3), pp. 301-356 : 308-313

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:187B04D7-4C35-4E27-9B2D-A616BF59F380

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6343171

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D687D0-FFA1-9856-19E8-CC29FA2EE5F7

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Margarodes Guilding
status

 

Genus Margarodes Guilding View in CoL View at ENA

Margarodes is a genus of 29 species, 14 of which have been recorded from continental Africa. The immature cyst stages ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ) feed on roots and are known as “ground pearls”; they have pores in the spiracular atria. Several species are pests in vineyards in southern Africa.

Field key to soil-dwelling cysts of pest Margarodes on grapevines in southern Africa, derived from de Klerk et al. (1982) and de Klerk (2017)}

1(0) Cyst soft and white, no more than 2.5 mm in diameter, subspherical........................................ greeni View in CoL

- Cyst hard and yellow to bronze, more than 3.5 mm in diameter, ovoid or subspherical.............................. 2

2(1) Cyst wall smooth, yellow to bronze with a metallic lustre, ovoid........................................... trimeni View in CoL

- Cyst wall textured, dull yellow or brown, subspherical........................................................ 3

3(2) Cyst wall with a bark-like texture, light brown........................................................ capensis View in CoL

- Cyst wall warty or with a raised reticulated pattern, dull yellow or light to dark brown.............................. 4

4(3) Cyst wall warty, light to dark brown; up to 8.6 mm in diameter...................................... vredendalensis View in CoL

- Cyst wall with a raised reticulate pattern, dull yellow; up to 6.0 mm in diameter.......................... prieskaensis View in CoL

Key to slide-mounted cysts of six species of Margarodes in southern Africa, based on de Klerk et al. (1983)

1(0) Abdominal spiracles numbering 6 pairs. Derm around labium without multilocular pores............................ 2

- Abdominal spiracles numbering 7 pairs. Derm around labium with multilocular pores............................... 3

2(1) Cyst with metallic lustre. Maximum body diameter about 6.0 mm......................................... trimeni View in CoL

- Cyst without metallic lustre. Maximum body diameter about 2.5 mm ....................................... greeni View in CoL

3(1) Thoracic spiracles associated with multilocular pores on surrounding derm............................. upingtonensis View in CoL

- Thoracic spiracles not associated with multilocular pores...................................................... 4

4(3) Ventral cicatrices present between abdominal spiracles on segment V and anal opening............. prieskaensis View in CoL ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 )

- Ventral cicatrices absent from area between abdominal spiracles on segment V and anal opening, but present between posteriormost abdominal spiracles and anal opening............................................................... 5

5(1) Cicatrices numbering fewer than 10, present in pairs................................................... capensis View in CoL

- Cicatrices numbering more than 10, present in pairs and singly...................................... vredendalensis View in CoL

Key to slide-mounted adult females of ten species of Margarodes in southern Africa, based on de Klerk et al. (1983)

1(0) Abdominal spiracles numbering 8 pairs............................................................... pilosus View in CoL

- Abdominal spiracles numbering 6 or 7 pairs only............................................................ 2

2(1) Abdominal spiracles numbering 7 pairs.................................................................... 3

- Abdominal spiracles numbering 6 pairs.................................................................... 6

3(2) Posterior end of abdomen with bulbous spines.............................................. prieskaensis View in CoL ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 )

- Posterior end of abdomen without bulbous spines............................................................ 4

4 (3) Ventral setae long, each measuring 380‒490 µm.................................................. vredendalensis View in CoL

- Ventral setae short, each measuring 108‒194 µm............................................................ 5

5(4) Multilocular pores restricted to metathorax and head. Spines present over entire thorax........................ capensis View in CoL

- Multilocular pores present over entire body. Spines absent from prothorax, present on meso- and metathorax.. upingtonensis View in CoL

6(2) Abdominal venter with multilocular pores.................................................................. 7

- Abdominal venter without multilocular pores........................................................... ruber View in CoL

7(6) Multilocular pores present over entire body................................................................. 8

- Multilocular pores absent from both surfaces of head and prothorax, present on other parts of body.................... 9

8(7) With both surfaces of thorax and abdomen densely covered with spines.................................. newsteadi View in CoL

- Dorsal medial area without spines; marginal and medial areas of ventral metathorax and abdomen with low-density spine covering............................................................................................ greeni View in CoL

9(7) Mid- and hind-leg claws each long (182‒201 µm), only slightly curved, with inner surface smooth................ trimeni View in CoL

- Mid- and hind-leg claws each short (71‒100 µm) and strongly curved, with inner surface rough............... peringueyi View in CoL

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hemiptera

Family

Margarodidae

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